Chapter 3 Mineral and Power Resources mcqs & important questions geography | class 8th

Mineral and Power Resources MCQ Questions Class 8 Social Science with Answers

Question.Why has quarrying become a major environmental concern?
(a) Because minerals are pollutants
(b) Due to dust raised from the quarrying activities
(c) Because it is done by displacing people
(d) None of these

Answer :  B

Question. The difference between tidal energy and wave energy is that
(a) Wave energy uses the gravitational pull of the Earth and moon to generate energy
(b) Tidal energy uses the kinetic force of waves to produce energy
(c) Tidal energy uses the gravitational pull of the Earth, moon, and sun to generate energy
(d) None of the above

Answer :  C

Question. Geothermal energy is the thermal energy present________.
(a) On the surface of the earth
(b) In the interior of the earth
(c) On the surface of the ocean
(d) None of the above

Answer :  B

Question .Which among the following is a leading producer of tin in the world?
(a) Indonesia
(b) Malaysia
(c) Sri Lanka
(d) China

Answer :  D

Question.Which one of the followings is not the way of saving energy at home?
(a) Switching off lights when not in use
(b) Keeping gas off when not in use
(c) Cooking food in an open pan on low flame
(d) Switching on lights during daytime

Answer :  C

Question. What is the name of the mineral that is extracted from Bauxite?
(a) Silver
(b) Manganese
(c) Aluminium
(d) Copper

Answer :  C

Question. A naturally occuring substance that has a definite chemical composition is a
(a) ore
(b) rock
(c) mineral
(d) copper

Answer :  C

Question.Which of the following are non-conventional resources?
(a) Wind energy
(b) Solar energy
(c) Tidal energy
(d) All of these

Answer :  D

Question.Gold is an example of minerals.
(a) ferrous
(b) non-ferrous
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these

Answer :  B

Question.Which is one of the deepest gold mine of the world?
(a) Kolar
(b) Jharia
(c) Raniganj
(d) Bikaner

Answer :  A

Question. The process of taking out minerals from rocks buried under the surface of the earth is named as
(a) mining
(b) pumping
(c) extracting
(d) None of the above

Answer :  A

Question.What are the fossil fuels?
(a) Fuels used for domestic purpose
(b) Fuel found in highly area
(c) Created by buried organism
(d) None of these

Answer :  C

Question.From which mineral is silicon obtained?
(a) Coal
(b) Bauxite
(c) Thorium
(d) Quartz

Answer :  D

Question. What is the process in which minerals lying near the surface are dug?
(a) Drilling
(b) Off-shore drilling
(c) Quarrying
(d) Extraction

Answer :  C

Question. Which one of the following countries in Europe has the largest deposits of iron?
(a) Portugal
(b) Russia
(c) Germany
(d) Hungary

Answer :  B

Question. Which is the rarest diamond on this earth?
(a) Black diamond
(b) Blue diamond
(c) Red diamond
(d) Green diamond

Answer :  D

Question. Which of the following countries do not have huge reserves of Petroleum and natural gas?
(a) Iran
(b) Iraq
(c) China
(d) Saudi Arabia

Answer :  C

Question. Minerals can be identified on the basis of their physical properties. Which one among the following is not a physical property with respect to the minerals?
(a) Colour
(b) Presence of Sulphides
(c) Hardness
(d) Density

Answer :  B

Question- Minerals found in ______ are not accessible.
(a) Greenland
(b) Serbia
(c) Antarctica
(d) Japan

Answer :  C

Question- Limestone is a ____ mineral.
(a) ferrous
(b) metallic
(c) non-metallic
(d) non – ferrous

Answer :  C

Question- ___ is found in China.
(a) Gold
(b) bauxite
(c) Antimony
(d) Copper

Answer :  C

Question- _____ is the largest producer of diamond among all continents.
(a) Asia
(b) South America
(c) Africa
(d) Australia

Answer : C

Question- _____ is an example of conventional energy sources.
(a) Firewood
(b) Technology
(c) iron
(d) Silver

Answer : A

Question- Gypsum is an example of _____ mineral.
(a) metallic
(b) ferrous
(c) non-metallic
(d) non-ferrous

Answer :  C

Question. ________is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth.
(a) Mining
(b) Smelting
(c) Quarrying
(d) Excavating

Answer :  A

Question- To reach mineral deposits at great depths, deep bores have to be made. This process is called _____
(a) shaft mining
(b) drilling
(c) quarrying
(d) Open cast mining

Answer :  A

Question- ______ produces more than half of the world’s tin.
(a) Africa
(b) Asia
(c) Antarctica
(d) Europe

Answer :  B

Question. The National Metallurgical Laboratory of India located at____________.
(a) Jamshedpur
(b) Dhanbad
(c) Roorkee
(d) Ranchi

Answer :  A

Question. Give two examples of non- metallic mineral fuels from the options given below:
(a) Manganese Ore, Bauxite
(b) Gold, Silver
(c) Coal, Petroleum
(d) Iron Ore, Bauxite

Answer :  C

Question. Which of the following gas is present in large quantities of biogas?
(a) Carbon monoxide
(b) Carbon dioxide
(c) Methane
(d) Oxygen

Answer :  C

Class 8 Geography Chapter 3 Important Questions

Very Short Answer Type Questions

1. Differentiate between a rock and an ore.
Answer: A rock is an aggregate of one or more minerals. An ore is a rock from which minerals are mined.

2. Define quarrying.
Answer: Quarrying is a process of extraction in which minerals lying near the surface are simply dug out.

3. Name the leading tin producers in Asia.
Answer: China, Malaysia and Indonesia are leading tin producers in Asia.

4. Name two areas in Australia, which have large deposits of gold.
Answer: Two areas in Western Australia having large deposits of gold are Kalgoorlie and Coolgardie.

5. Name two minerals in whose production India contributes a significant part.
Answer: India has vast deposits of high grade iron ore, and it is also a leading producer of salt.

6. In which industry is silicon important? From which ore is it obtained?
Answer: Silicon is important in the computer industry. It is obtained from quartz.

7. Why are minerals considered non-renewable?
Answer: Minerals take thousands of years to form. The rate of formation is much smaller than rate of consumption. So, we classify them as non-renewable.

8. Why is coal called “buried sunshine”?
Answer: Coal is called “buried sunshine” because it is found buried under the earth, and is as important a source of energy as sunshine.

9. Why are petroleum and its derivatives called “black gold”?
Answer: Petroleum and its derivatives are black in colour but as valuable as gold, so we refer to it as “black gold”.

10. What is natural gas?
Answer: Natural gas is a fossil fuel obtained with petroleum deposits in oil fields.

11. Which was the first country to develop hydroelectricity?
Answer: Norway was the first country to develop hydroelectricity.

12. Name some important hydel power stations in India.
Answer: Bhakra Nangal, Gandhi Sagar, Nagaijunasagar and Damodar Valley Projects are important hydel power stations in India.

13. Name nuclear power stations in India.
Answer: Kalpakkam, Tarapur, Ranapratap Sagar, Narora and Kaiga are the nuclear power stations in India.

14. Give one advantage of biogas over natural gas.
Answer: Biogas is a renewable source of energy whereas the amount of natural gas is limited.

Short Answer Type Questions

1. Name and describe briefly methods of extraction.

Answer: Mining, drilling and quarrying are methods of extraction. Mining is a process of extraction of taking out minerals from rocks under the earth’s surface.
Open cast mining: In this, minerals lying at shallow depths are taken out by removing the surface layer.

Shaft mining: In this, deep bores (called shafts) are made to reach mineral deposits lying at large depths. Drilling: In this, deep wells are bored to take out minerals.
Quarrying: It is the process of extraction in which minerals lying veiy close to the surface are extracted just by digging them out.

2. Where are minerals found?

Answer: Minerals are found in different types of rocks. Metallic minerals are usually found in igneous and metamorphic rocks that form large plateaus. Examples: iron ore is found in north Sweden, copper and nickel in Canada. In igneous and metamorphic rocks in South Africa, iron, nickel, chromites and platinum are found. Non-metallic minerals are found in sedimentary rock formations. Limestone deposits are found in France. Mineral fuels such as coal and petroleum are found in sedimentary strata.

3. Describe the mineral distribution in North America.

Answer: The mineral deposits in North America are found in three zones: the Canadian region in the north of the Great Lakes, the Appalachian region and the Rocky Mountains in the West. Iron ore, nickel, gold, uranium and copper are mined in the Canadian Shield Region, coal in the Appalachian region. Western Cordilleras have vast deposits of copper, lead, zinc, gold and silver.

4. Write common uses of minerals.

Answer: Minerals are important in many industries. Minerals used in gems are usually very hard. These are then set in varying styles of jewellery. Iron and copper are metals used in almost everything. Copper is present in everything from coins to pipes and electricity wires. Silicon, obtained from the mineral quartz, is the base of computer industry. Aluminium, obtained from bauxite ore, and its alloys are used in aeroplanes due to their light weight. Aluminium is also used in kitchen cookware.

5. How is hydroelectricity, produced?

Answer: Hydroelectricity is produced from the energy possessed by water falling from great heights. River water is stored in dams. When rain water or river water falls from heights, it flows over turbine blades placed at the bottom of the dam. The moving blades are connected to a generator which produces electricity from this energy. This electricity is called hydroelectricity. The water discharged after its production is used for irrigation.

Long Answer Type Questions

 1. Name and describe some non- conventional sources of energy.

Answer: Non-conventional power sources are those power sources that have come into use recently due to the depleting conventional resources and growing awareness. Solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, nuclear power and tidal energy are examples of non- conventional power sources.

Solar energy is the heat and light energy captured from the sun. Solar cells help to convert this energy to electricity. Solar energy is used in solar heaters, solar cookers, solar dryers, etc.

Wind energy is the energy possessed by moving air (wind). Windmills are used to convert wind energy to electricity. Wind farms having clusters of windmills located in coastal regions and mountain passes.

Nuclear power is energy possessed by the nuclei of atoms of naturally occurring radioactive elements like uranium-, thorium, etc.

Geothermal energy is the heat energy obtained from the inside of the earth. The temperature inside the earth increases as we go deeper. This heat is used to produce electricity. It is accessed in the form of hot springs. Tidal energy is the energy generated from tides. It is harnessed by building dams at narrow openings of the sea. Biogas is a gaseous fuel obtained from the decomposition of organic waste like dead plant and animal material or animal dung and kitchen waste. It is an excellent fuel for cooking and lighting, and is environment-friendly.

2. Write the advantages and disadvantages of non-conventional sources of energy.
Answer:
Advantages:

• Non-conventional sources of energy are usually inexhaustible. They do not pollute the environment.
• Nuclear power is emitted in large amounts.
• Most non-conventional sources of energy cost less.
• These forms of energy are safe to use and clean.

Disadvantages:

• Wind mills are costly to set up. So using them to harness wind energy is costly, even though the electricity generated from it is cheap.
• Setting up windmills disturbs radio and TV broadcast.
• Harnessing tidal energy destroys natural habitats of wildlife.
• Moreover, tidal energy is difficult to harness.
• Obtaining nuclear energy from radioactive material generates radioactive waste. It is expensive too.
• Biogas, although useful and renewable, contributes to greenhouse effect.