Class 9th AI Notes – Unit 5: Green Skills-I

Part A: Employability Skills

1. ECOSYSTEM 🌳

Definition:

An ecosystem is a community of living organisms (plants, animals, microorganisms) interacting with each other and their non-living environment (air, water, soil).

Components:

  • Biotic (Living): Plants, animals, bacteria, fungi
  • Abiotic (Non-living): Sunlight, temperature, water, soil, air

Real-Life Examples:

  • Forest Ecosystem: Trees provide oxygen, animals get food and shelter, decomposers recycle nutrients
  • Pond Ecosystem: Fish, plants, algae, water, and mud all work together
  • Your School Garden: Plants, insects, birds, soil, and sunlight form a mini-ecosystem

2. ENVIRONMENT 🌍

Definition:

Everything that surrounds us – including air, water, land, plants, animals, and humans.

Types:

  1. Natural Environment: Rivers, mountains, forests
  2. Built Environment: Buildings, roads, bridges

Real-Life Examples:

  • Your home environment includes family, furniture, air quality
  • School environment includes classrooms, playground, trees
  • City environment includes traffic, buildings, parks

3. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIETY AND ENVIRONMENT 🤝

How They Connect:

  • Society Depends on Environment: For food, water, air, resources
  • Environment Affected by Society: Through pollution, deforestation, construction

Examples of Interaction:

  • Positive: Planting trees, cleaning rivers, using solar energy
  • Negative: Factory pollution, plastic waste, vehicle emissions

Real-Life Scenarios:

  • Farmers depend on rain and soil (society needs environment)
  • Industries dumping waste in rivers (society affects environment)
  • Communities organizing beach cleanups (society protecting environment)

4. NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION 💎

What are Natural Resources?

Materials from nature that humans use for survival and development.

Types:

  1. Renewable: Solar energy, wind, water (can be replenished)
  2. Non-renewable: Coal, petroleum, minerals (limited supply)

Conservation Methods:

  • Water: Rainwater harvesting, fixing leaks, using buckets instead of hoses
  • Energy: Switching off lights, using LED bulbs, solar panels
  • Forest: Avoiding paper waste, planting trees, preventing forest fires

Real-Life Examples:

  • Taking shorter showers saves water
  • Carpooling reduces fuel consumption
  • Using both sides of paper saves trees

5. SAVING ENVIRONMENT USING 5R’s ♻️

The 5R Principle:

  1. REFUSE 🚫
  • Say NO to harmful things
  • Example: Refuse plastic bags at shops, carry cloth bags
  1. REDUCE ⬇️
  • Use less of everything
  • Example: Walk/cycle for short distances instead of using vehicles
  1. REUSE 🔄
  • Use items multiple times
  • Example: Use old jars as containers, old clothes as cleaning cloths
  1. REPURPOSE 🎨
  • Give new life to old items
  • Example: Convert plastic bottles into planters, old tires into swings
  1. RECYCLE ♻️
  • Process waste into new products
  • Example: Paper recycling, plastic recycling, composting kitchen waste

6. ACTIVITIES DAMAGING OUR EARTH 🏭

Major Harmful Activities:

  1. Air Pollution
  • Vehicle emissions, factory smoke, burning garbage
  • Effect: Global warming, health problems
  1. Water Pollution
  • Industrial waste, sewage, plastic in oceans
  • Effect: Marine life death, drinking water shortage
  1. Deforestation
  • Cutting trees for construction, paper, furniture
  • Effect: Loss of oxygen, animal habitat destruction
  1. Plastic Usage
  • Single-use plastics, packaging
  • Effect: Takes 400+ years to decompose, harms animals

Real-Life Examples:

  • Delhi’s air quality during Diwali crackers
  • Yamuna river pollution from industrial waste
  • Amazon rainforest destruction for farming

7. GREEN ECONOMY 💚

Definition:

An economy that reduces environmental risks and improves human well-being without depleting natural resources.

Characteristics:

  • Low carbon emissions
  • Resource efficient
  • Socially inclusive

Examples:

  • Solar Panel Industry: Creates jobs while producing clean energy
  • Organic Farming: Chemical-free food production
  • Electric Vehicles: Reduces pollution while providing transportation
  • Waste Management Companies: Convert waste to wealth

8. GREEN SKILLS 🌱

What are Green Skills?

Knowledge, abilities, and attitudes needed to live in, develop, and support a sustainable society.

Types of Green Skills:

  1. Basic: Waste segregation, water conservation
  2. Technical: Solar panel installation, organic farming
  3. Professional: Environmental engineering, sustainability consulting

Examples for Students:

  • Making compost from kitchen waste
  • Creating awareness posters about pollution
  • Organizing tree plantation drives
  • Building projects using recycled materials

9. NATURAL RESOURCES 🏔️

Categories:

  1. Water Resources
  • Rivers, lakes, groundwater, rain
  • Uses: Drinking, irrigation, industry
  1. Forest Resources
  • Trees, wildlife, medicinal plants
  • Uses: Oxygen, wood, medicine, food
  1. Mineral Resources
  • Iron, coal, gold, diamonds
  • Uses: Construction, energy, jewelry
  1. Energy Resources
  • Solar, wind, hydroelectric, fossil fuels
  • Uses: Electricity, transportation, heating

Importance:

  • Essential for human survival
  • Economic development
  • Maintaining ecological balance

10. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 🔄

Definition:

Meeting present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs.

Three Pillars:

  1. Economic Growth: Development and prosperity
  2. Social Inclusion: Equal opportunities for all
  3. Environmental Protection: Preserving nature

Real-Life Examples:

  • Solar-powered schools: Education with clean energy
  • Rainwater harvesting: Water security for future
  • Organic farming: Healthy food without damaging soil
  • Public transport: Reduces individual carbon footprint

How Students Can Contribute:

  • Use resources wisely
  • Spread awareness
  • Participate in eco-friendly activities
  • Choose sustainable products

11. GREEN PROJECTS IN INDIA 🇮🇳

Major Initiatives:

  1. Swachh Bharat Mission 🧹
  • Clean India campaign
  • Focus: Sanitation, waste management
  1. National Solar Mission ☀️
  • Target: 100 GW solar power by 2022
  • Creates jobs, reduces pollution
  1. Project Tiger 🐅
  • Protecting tiger habitats
  • 50+ tiger reserves across India
  1. Namami Gange 🌊
  • Cleaning river Ganga
  • Sewage treatment, awareness programs
  1. Green India Mission 🌳
  • Increasing forest cover
  • Target: 5 million hectares
  1. UJALA Scheme 💡
  • LED bulb distribution
  • Saves electricity, reduces carbon emissions

Local Examples:

  • Delhi Metro: Reduces vehicle pollution
  • Plastic ban in various states
  • Organic farming in Sikkim
  • Wind farms in Tamil Nadu

💡 QUICK REVISION TIPS:

  1. Remember 5R’s: Refuse, Reduce, Reuse, Repurpose, Recycle
  2. Ecosystem = Living + Non-living working together
  3. Green Economy = Environment + Economy + Society
  4. Sustainable Development = Present + Future balance
  5. Practice identifying green vs. harmful activities in daily life

📝 PRACTICE ACTIVITIES:

  1. Make a list of 10 ways you can save water at home
  2. Create a poster showing the 5R’s with examples
  3. Start a small composting project
  4. Calculate your family’s daily plastic usage
  5. Research one green project in your city/state

Remember: Small actions create big changes! Start with yourself, inspire others! 🌍💚

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