RD SHARMA SOLUTION CHAPTER- 30 Linear Programming I CLASS 12TH MATHEMATICS-EDUGROWN

Chapter 30 Linear programming Exercise Ex. 30.1

Question 1

Solution 1

Question 2

Solution 2

Question 3

Solution 3

Question 4

Solution 4

Question 5

Solution 5

Question 6

Solution 6

Question 7

Solution 7

Question 8

Solution 8

Question 9

Solution 9

Question 10

Solution 10

Question 11

Solution 11

Question 12

Solution 12

Question 13

Solution 13

Question 14

Solution 14

Question 15

Solution 15

Chapter 30 Linear programming Exercise Ex. 30.2

Question 1

Solution 1

Question 2

Solution 2

Question 3

Solution 3

Question 4

Solution 4

Question 5

Solution 5

Question 6

Solution 6

Question 7

Solution 7

Question 8

Solution 8

Question 9

Solution 9

Question 10

Solution 10

Question 11

Solution 11

Question 12

Solution 12

Question 13 Old

Solution 13 Old

Question 14

Solution 14

Question 15

Solution 15

Question 16

Solution 16

Question 17

Solution 17

Question 18

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Question 19

Solution 19

Question 20

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Question 21

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Question 22

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Question 23

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Question 24

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Question 25

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Question 26

Find graphically, the maximum value of z = 2x + 5y, subject to constraints given below:

2x + 4y £ 8

3x + y £ 6

X + y £ 4

X ³ 0, y ³ 0Solution 26

Converting the inequations into equations, we obtain the lines

2x + 4y = 8, 3x + y = 6, x + y = 4, x = 0, y = 0.

These lines are drawn on a suitable scale and the feasible region of the LPP is shaded in the graph.

From the graph we can see the corner points as (0, 2) and (2, 0).

Chapter 30 Linear programming Exercise Ex. 30.3

Question 1

Solution 1

Question 2

Solution 2

Question 3

Solution 3

Question 4

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Question 5

Solution 5

Question 6

Solution 6

Question 7

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Question 8

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Question 9

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Question 10

Reshma wishes to mix two types of food P and Q in such a way that the vitamin contents of the mixture contain at least 8 units of vitamin A and 11 units of vitamin B. food p costs Rs. 60 kg and Food Q costs Rs. 80 kg. Food P contains 3 units / kg of Vitamin A and 5 units/ kg of Vitamin B while food Q contains 4 unit / kg of Vitamin A and 2 units/kg of vitamin B. Determine the minimum cost of the mixture.Solution 10

Question 11

One kind of cake requires 200 g of flour and 25 g of fat, and another kind of cake requires 100g of flour and 50g of fat. Find the maximum number of cakes which can be made from 5 kg of flour and 1 kg of fat assuming that there is no shortage of the other ingredients used in making the cakes. Solution 11

Question 12

A dietician has to develop a special diet using two foods P and Q. Each packet (containing 30 g) of food P contains 12 units of calcium, 4 units of iron, 6 units of cholesterol and 6 units of vitamin A. Each packet of the same quantity of food Q contains 3 units of calcium, 20 units of iron, 4 units of cholesterol and 3 units of vitamin A. The diet requires at least 240units of calcium, atleasy 460 units of iron and at most 300 units of cholesterol. How many packets of each food should be used to minimize the amount of vitamin A in the diet? What is the minimum amount of vitamin A?Solution 12

Question 13

A farmer mixes two brands P and Q of cattle feed. Brand P, costing Rs. 250 per bag, contains 3 units of nutritional element A, 2.5 units of element B and 2 units of element C. Brand Q costing Rs. 200 per bag contains 1.5 unit of nutritional element A, 11.25 units of element B, and 3 units of element C. The minimum requirements of nutrients A, B and C are 18 units, 45 units and 24 units respectively. Determine the number of bags of each brand which should be mixed in order to produce a mixture having a minimum cost per bag? What is the minimum cost of the mixture pre bag?Solution 13

Note: Answer given in the book is incorrect.Question 14

A dietician wishes to mix together two kinds of food X and Y in such a way that the mixture contains at least 10 units of vitamin A, 12 units of vitamin B and 8 units of vitamin C. The vitamin contents of one kg food is given below:

Food	Vitamin A	Vitamin B	Vitamin C
X	1	2	3
Y	2	2	1

One kg of food X costs Rs. 16 and one kg of food costs Rs. 20. Find the least cost of the mixture which will produce the required diet?Solution 14

Question 15

A fruit grower can use two types of fertilizer in his garden, brand P and Q. The amounts (in kg) of nitrogen, acid potash and chlorine in a bag of each brand are given in the Tests indicate that the garden needs at least 240 kg of phosphoric acid, at least 270 kg of potash and at most 310 kg of chlorine.

Kg per bag
	Brand P	Brand Q
Nitrogen	3	3.5
Phosphoric acid	1	2
Potash	3	1.5
Chlorine	1.5	2

If the grower wants to minimize the amount of nitrogen added to the garden, how many bags of each brand should be used? What is the minimum amount of nitrogen added in the garden?Solution 15

Chapter 30 Linear programming Exercise Ex. 30.4

Question 1

If a young man drives his vehicle at 25km/hr, he has to spend Rs 2per km on petrol. if he drives it as a fast of 40 km/hr, the petrol cost increase to Rs 5 per km. He has Rs 100 to speed on petrol and travel a maximum distance in one hour time with less polution . Express this problem as an LPP and solve it graphically. What value do you find hear?Solution 1

Question 2

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Question 3

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Question 4

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Question 5

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Question 6

Solution 6

Question 7

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Question 8

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Question 9

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Question 10

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Question 11

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Question 12

Solution 12

Question 13

Solution 13

Question 14

Solution 14

Question 15

Solution 15

Question 16

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Question 17

Solution 17

Question 18

Solution 18

Question 19

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Question 20

Solution 20

Question 21

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Question 22

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Question 23

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Question 24

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Question 25

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Question 26

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Question 27

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Question 28

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Question 29

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Question 30

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Question 31

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Question 32

A firm makes items A and B and the total number of items it can make in a day is 24. It takes one hour to make an item of A and half an hour to make an item B. The maximum time available per day is 16 hours. The profit on an item of A is Rs 300 and on one item of B is Rs 160. How many items of each type should be produced to maximize the profit? Solve the problem graphically.Solution 32

Question 33

Solution 33

Question 34

Solution 34

Question 35

A manufacturer makes two products, A and B. Product A sells at Rs. 200 each and takes ½ hour to make. Product B sells at Rs.300 each and takes 1 hour to make. There is a permanent order for 14 units of product A and 16 units of product B. A working week consist of 40 hours of production and the weekly turn over must not be less than Rs. 1000. If the profit on each of product A is Rs. 20 and an product B is Rs. 30, then how many of each should be produced so that the profit is maximum? Also find the maximum profit.Solution 35

Question 36

If a young man drives his vehicle at 25 km/hr, he has to spend Rs. 2 per km on petrol. If he drives is at a faster speed of 40 km/hr, the petrol cost increases to Rs. 5/ per km. He has Rs. 100 to spend on petrol and travel within one hour. Express this as an LPP solve the same.Solution 36

Question 37

Solution 37

Question 38

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Question 39

Solution 39

Question 40

A factory makes tennis rackets and cricket bats A tennis racket takes 1.5 hours of machine time and 3 hours of craftman’s time in its making while a cricket bat takes 3 hours of machine time and 1 hour of craftman’s time. In a day, the factory has the availability of not more than 42 hour of machine time and 24 hours of craftman’s time. If the profit on racket and on a bat is Rs 20 and Rs 10 respectively, find the number of tennis rackets and cricket bats that the factory must manufacture to earn the maximum profit. Make it as an LPP and solve it graphically.    Solution 40

Question 41

A merchant plans to sell two types of personal computers-a desktop model and a portable model that will cost Rs 25,000 and Rs 40,000 respectively. He estimates that the total monthly demand of computers will not exceed 250 units. Determine the number of units of each type of computers which the merchant should stock to get maximum profit if he does not want to invest more than Rs 70 lakhs and his profit on the desktop model is Rs 4500 and on the portable model is RS 5000. Make an LPP and solve it graphically.    Solution 41

Question 42

A cooperative society of formers has 50 hectare of land to grow two crops X and Y. The profit from crops X and Y per hectare are estimated as Rs. 10,500 and Rs. 9,000 respectively. To control weeds, a liquid herbicide has to be used for crops X and Y at rates of 20 litres and 10 litres per hectare. Further, no more than 800 litres of herbicide should be used in order to protect fish and wild life using a pond which collects drainage from this land. How much land should be allocated to each crop so at to maximise the total profit of the society?Solution 42

Question 43

A manufacturing company makes two models A and B of a product. Each piece of Model A requires 9 labour hours for fabricating and 1 labour hour for finishing. Each piece of Model B requires 12 labour hours for fabricating and 3 labour hours for finishing. For fabricating and finishing, the maximum labour hours available are 180 and 30 respectively. The company makes a profit of Rs. 8000 on each piece of model A and Rs. 1200 on each piece of Model B. How many pieces of Model A and Model B should be manufactured per week to realise a maximum profit? What is the maximum profit per week?Solution 43

Question 44

A factory makes tennis rackets and cricket bats. A tennis racket takes 1.5 hours of machine time and 3 hours of craftman’s time in its making while a cricket bat takes 3 hour of machine time and 1 hour of craftrnan’s time. In a day, the factory has the availability of not more than 42 hours of machine time and 24 hours of craftsman’s time.

1. What number of rackets and bats must be made if the factory is to Work at full capacity?
2. If the profit on a racket and on a bat is Rs. 20 and Rs. 10 respectively, find the maximum profit of the factory when it works at full capacity.

Solution 44

Question 45

A merchant plans to sell two types of personal computers a desktop model and a portable model that will cost Rs. 25000 and Rs. 40000 respectively. He estimates that the total monthly demand of computers will not exceed 250 units. Determine the number of units of each type of computers which the merchant should stock to get maximum profit if he does not want to invest more than Rs. 70 lakhs and if his profit on the desktop model is Rs. 4500 and on portable model is Rs. 5000.Solution 45

Question 46

A toy company manufactures two types of dolls, A and B. Market tests and available resources have indicated that the combined production level should not exceed 1200 dolls per week and the demand for dolls of type B is at most half of that for dolls of type A. Further, the production level of dolls of type A can exceed three times the production of dolls of other type by at most 600 units. If the company makes profit of Rs. 12 and Rs. 16 per doll respectively on dolls A and B, how many of each should be produced weekly in order to maximise the profit?Solution 46

Question 47

There are two types of fertilisers F₁ and F₂. F₁ consists of 10% nitrogen and 6% phosphoric acid and F₂ consists of 5% nitrogen and 10% phosphoric acid. After testing the soil conditions, a farmer finds that she needs atleast 14 kg of nitrogen and 14 kg of phosphoric acid for her crop. If F₁ costs Rs. 6/kg and F₂ costs Rs. 5 /kg, determine how much of each type of fertiliser should be used so that nutrient requirement are met at a minimum cost. What is the minimum cost?Solution 47

Question 48

A manufacturer has three machines I, II and III installed in his factory. Machines I and II are capable of being operated for at most 12 hours whereas machine III must be operated for atleast 5 hours a day. She produces only two items M and N each requiring the use of all the three machines.

The number of hours required for producing 1 unit of each of M and N on the three machines are given in the following table:

Items	Number of hours required on machines
	I	II	III
M	1	2	1
N	2	1	1.25

She makes a profit of Rs. 600 and Rs. 400 on items M and N respectively. How many of each item should she produce so as to maximize her profit assuming that she can sell all the items that she produced? What will be the maximum profit?Solution 48

Question 49

There are two factories located one at place P and the other at place Q. From these locations, a certain commodity is to be delivered to each of the three depots situated at A, B and C. The weekly requirements of the depots are respectively 5, 5 and 4 units of the commodity while the production capacity of the factories at P and Q are respectively 8 and 6 units. The cost of transportation per unit is given below:

To/from	Cost (in Rs.)
	A	B	C
P	160	100	150
Q	100	120	100

How many units should be transported from each factory to each depot in order that the transportation cost is minimum. What will be the minimum transportation cost?Solution 49

Let x and y units of commodity be transported from factory P to the depots at A and B respectively.

Then (8 – x – y) units will be transported to depot at C.

The flow is shown below.

Question 50

A manufacturer makes two types of toys A and B. Three machines are needed for this purpose and the time (in minutes) required for each toy on the machines is given below:

Types of Toys	Machines
	I	II	III
A	12	18	6
B	6	0	9

Each machine is available for a maximum of 6 hours per day. If the profit on each toy of type A is Rs. 7.50 and that on each toy of type B is Rs.5, show that 15 toys of type A and 30 of type B should be manufactured in a day to get maximum profit.Solution 50

Question 51

An aeroplane can carry a maximum of 200 passengers. A profit of Rs. 1000 is made on each executive class ticket and a profit of Rs. 600 is made on each economy class ticket. The airline reserves at least 20 seats for executive class. However, at least 4 times as many passengers prefer to travel by economy class than by the executive class. Determine how many tickets of each type must be sold in order to maximize the profit for the airline. What is the maximum profit?Solution 51

Question 52

A manufacturer considers that men and women workers are equally efficient and so he pays them at the same rate. He has 30 and 17 units of workers (male and female) and capital respectively, which he uses to produce two types of goods A and B. To produce one unit of A, 2 workers and 3 units of capital are required while 3 workers and 1 unit of capital is required to produce one unit of B. If A and B are priced at Rs. 100 and Rs. 120 per unit respectively, how should he use his resources to maximize the total revenue? Form the above as an LPP and solve graphically. Do you agree with this view of the manufacturer that men and women workers are equally efficient and so should be paid at the same rate?Solution 52

Chapter 30 – Linear programming Exercise Ex. 30.5

Question 1

Solution 1

Question 2

Solution 2