Activity & Practical on Separation of Mixture | Separate the components of a mixture of sand, common salt and ammonium chloride (or camphor) by sublimation | Class 9 Science-EduGrown
Sublimation is the process which is used to separate the mixture of camphor and salt. Camphor gets directly converted to its gaseous state, leaving the salt behind.
Aim
To separate the components of a mixture of sand, common salt and ammonium chloride (or camphor) by sublimation.
MATERIALS REQUIRED
- A China dish, tripod stand, a wire gauze, a bunsen burner, glass funnels, cotton, a glass rod, a beaker, filter paper, a clamp stand.
Chemicals Required
- Sand, common salt, ammonium chloride (or camphor powder), and distilled water.
THEORY
- Natural substances are not chemically pure. Different methods of separation are used to get individual components from a mixture. But, before separating any components from a mixture one must have sound knowledge of its physical and chemical properties so that separation can be done with ease.
- Sand, common salt and ammonium chloride form a heterogeneous mixture which can be separated easily through simple physical methods of separation.
- In the mixture given ammonium chloride is a sublimating substance. On heating the mixture, sublimating substance directly changes into gaseous state, its fumes are collected and cooled to get solid sublimate.
PROCEDURE
Sublimation
Separation of ammonium chloride from the given mixture.
- Take a tripod stand, place a wire gauze over it.
- Keep the china dish with the given mixture on the wire gauze.
- Place the glass funnel in an inverted position on the mixture and plug the stem hole of the funnel with cotton.
- Heat the mixture with bunsen burner or spirit lamp, for few minutes (till you see white fumes released from the mixture).
- Turn off the burner and allow the fumes to collect on the inner side of the funnel.
- Remove the funnel to collect the deposited ammonium chloride on the funnel.
- Place the funnel again on the mixture, heat it and collect all the white fumes that comes out of the mixture. This procedure will continue till all the white fumes are collected and on further heating no more white fumes are released. The left out mixture has only salt and sand.
OBSERVATIONS
Sublimation is the process which is used to separate the mixture of camphor and salt. Camphor gets directly converted to its gaseous state, leaving the salt behind.
RESULT
Seprate ammonium chloride(Camphor) and Salt
PRECAUTIONS
- Be careful during heating experiments.
- Prolonged heating should be avoided.
- Keep the flame low if you are using bunsen burner.
- Use clean and dry apparatus.
- Use distilled water for making solution.
- While filtering ensure that the filter paper cone does not tear up and allow the mixture to pass slowly through it.
- During sublimation, you can keep an extra plugged funnel to collect the dense white fumes.
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Thank you so much. It really helped me out.