Activity & Practical on Displacement Reaction| iron nails and copper sulphate solution compared before and after the experiment | Class 10th level

Activity & Practical on Displacement Reaction| iron nails and copper sulphate solution compared before and after the experiment | Class 10th level | edugrown

Reaction of Iron Nails with Copper Sulphate Solution in Water. When an iron nail is dipped in copper sulphate solution, a brown coating of copper is formed on the surface of iron and the colour of copper sulphate solution changes from blue to light green. … This reaction is a single displacement reaction.

Aim

To perform the reaction of Iron nails kept in copper sulphate solution and classify it on: Decomposition reaction

MATERIALS REQUIRED

Chemicals Required
Copper sulphate solution

Apparatus Required
Test tube holder, Test tubes, Iron nails, Sand paper

THEORY

(a) Iron is more reactive than sulphur.
(b) When iron is added to the aqueous solution of a copper salt, iron displaces copper.
Reaction:   Fe(s) + CuSO₄(aq) → FeSO₄(s) + Cu(s)
                  Fe(s)   +    Cu²⁺(aq)      → Fe²⁺(aq)     +    Cu(s)
                        Copper ion(Blue) Ferrous ion(Light green)
(c) Due to this displacement reaction, the solution which was originally sky blue in colour, turns light green and the iron article is covered with a reddish brown layer of copper

PROCEDURE

Clean two iron nails of sufficient size by rubbing them with sand paper so that their colour appears grayish.
Take sufficient quantity of copper sulphate solution in two different test tubes.
Clamp the test tubes to different stands.
Tie one nail using a thread and hang in one test tube. Tie the other end of the thread to the stand.
Keep the other nail in a Petri dish for comparison after the experiment.
Keep the two test tubes undisturbed for about 15 minutes.
Remove the iron nail immersed in the copper sulphate solution and put it in the Petridish.

OBSERVATIONS

Sl. No.	Experiment	Observation	Inference
1.	Original colour of the solution is noted.	Sky blue	The solution contains Cu²⁺ ions.
2.	Original colour of the iron nail is noted.	Steel grey	The nail has the natural colour of the iron.
3.	Colour of the solution after the experiment is noted.	Light green	The solution contains Fe²⁺ ions.
4.	Colour of the iron nail after the experiment is noted.	Reddish brown	The iron is covered with thin layer of copper.

RESULT

1. The brown coating on the iron nail shows that copper is deposited on the iron nail by displacing iron.
2. The greenish colour of the solution in the test tube shows that Fe²⁺ ions are present in the solution.

3. This shows that iron is more reactive than copper, as Fe²⁺ ions have displaced Cu²⁺ ions from copper sulphate solution.
4. This is a single displacement reaction in which copper has been displaced from iron from copper sulphate solution.
Reaction: Fe(s) + CuSO₄(aq) → FeSO₄(s) + Cu(s)

PRECAUTIONS

1. Clean the iron nails by rubbing with sand paper to remove rust, dust or greasy surface.
2. Keep the control experiment to compare the colour of iron nails and copper sulphate solution.
3. Avoid touching copper sulphate solution or nail dipped in copper sulphate solution as copper sulphate is poisonous.

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