NCERT Solutions for Class 10 civics Chapter 4 Gender, Religion and Caste

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 will help the students in learning complex topics and problems in an easy way. Class 10 Social Science NCERT Solutions will help students in understanding the topics in most simple manner and grasp it easily to perform better. You can study in an organized manner and set a good foundation for your future goals.

Page No: 55

Exercises

1. Mention different aspects of life in which women are discriminated or disadvantaged in India.

Answer

In India, women are discriminated and disadvantaged in the following ways:
→  They are not provided adequate education. Thus, the literacy rate among women is just 54%.
→ Most of the labour done by them is unpaid. Where they are paid for their work, they receive lesser wages than men.
→ Due to the preference for the boy child, female foeticide is practiced in many parts of the country.

2. State different forms of communal politics with one example each.
Answer
Different forms of communal politics:
→ The expression of communal superiority in everyday beliefs
Militant religious groups are a good example of this.
→ The desire to form a majoritarian dominance or a separate state
Separatist leaders and political parties in Jammu and Kashmir and Central India are an example of this.
→ The use of religious symbols and leaders in politics to appeal to the voters
This technique is applied by many politicians to influence voters from the two largest religious communities in the country.
→ In addition to all this, communal politics can take the form of communal violence and riots, like the riots in Gujarat in 2002.

3. State how caste inequalities are still continuing in India.
Answer
Caste has not disappeared from contemporary India.
→ Even now most people marry within their own caste or tribe.
→ Untouchability has not ended completely despite constitutional prohibition.
→ Effects of centuries of advantages and disadvantages continue to be felt today, e.g., Caste continues to be closely linked to economic status.

4. State two reasons to say that caste alone cannot determine election results in India.

Answer

Caste alone cannot determine election results in India because:
→ No parliamentary constituency has a clear majority of one single caste.
→ No party wins all the votes of a particular caste.

5. What is the status of women’s representation in India’s legislative bodies?

Answer

When it comes to representation of women in legislative bodies, India is among the bottom group of nations in the world. Women’s representation has always been less than 10% in Lok Sabha and 5% in the State Assemblies.
On the other hand, the situation is different in the case of local government bodies. As one-third of seats in local government bodies (panchayats and municipalities) is reserved for women, there are more than 10 lakh elected women representatives in rural and urban local bodies.

6. Mention any two constitutional provisions that make India a secular state.

Answer

Two constitutional provisions that make India a secular state are:
→ Freedom to practice, profess and propagate the religion of one’s choice.
→ The Constitution prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion.

7. When we speak of gender divisions, we usually refer to:
(a) Biological difference between men and women
(b) Unequal roles assigned by the society to men and women
(c) Unequal child sex ratio
(d) Absence of voting rights for women in democracies

Answer

(b) Unequal roles assigned by the society to men and women

8. In India seats are reserved for women in
(a) Lok Sabha
(b) State Legislative Assemblies
(c) Cabinets
(d) Panchayati Raj bodies

Answer

(d) Panchayati Raj bodies

9. Consider the following statements on the meaning of communal politics. Communal politics is based on the belief that:
A. One religion is superior to that of others.
B. People belonging to different religions can live together happily as equal citizens. Followers of a particular religion constitute one community.
D. State power cannot be used to establish the domination of one religious group over others.
Which of the statements is/are correct?
(a) A, B, C and D
(b) A, B and D
(c) A and C
(d) B and D

Answer

(c) A and C

10. Which among the following statements about India’s Constitution is wrong? It
(a) prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion
(b) gives official status to one religion
(c) provides to all individuals freedom to profess any religion
(d) ensures equality of citizens within religious communities

Answer

(b) gives official status to one religion

11. Social divisions based on ______________ are peculiar to India.

Answer

caste

Page No: 56

12. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the Lists:

	List I		List II
1.	A person who believes in equal rights and opportunities for women and men	Α.	Communalist
2.	A person who says that religion is the principal basis of community	Β.	Feminist
3.	A person who thinks that caste is the principal basis of community	C.	Secularist
4.	A person who does not discriminate others on the basis of religious beliefs	D.	Castiest

	1	2	3	4
(a)	B	C	A	D
(b)	B	A	D	C
(c)	D	C	A	B
(d)	C	A	B	D

Answer

	1	2	3	4
(b)	B	A	D	C

Important Link

Quick Revision Notes- Gender, Religion and Caste

Most Important Question- Gender, Religion and Caste

Important MCQs- Gender, Religion and Caste

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