Volume:
It is measure or calculated of the space occupied by something.
SI unit: m3 and cm3
1 m3 =100,0000 cm3
Volume of any object is depends on its dimensions.
In case of cube having 1 cm side it will be written as,
= 1 cm x 1 cm x 1 cm = 1 cm3
Capacity and Volume:
The space available to hold something is termed as capacity.
Capacity is the amount a container can hold. Eg. A jug or mug
Volume is the measured of the space taken up by something .
Metric units : litres (L) , centiliters (cL) , milliliters (mL)
There are 100 centiliters in 1 litre
There are 1000 milliliter in 1 litre
Let’s study the correlation between different volume units:
1m3=106
cm3 = 103
L
1 L= 103
cm3
1 mL= 1cc ( cubic centimeter)
Measuring the volume of irregular solids:
Stone is tied to string and it is partially immersed in water containing jar
:. Volume of stone = volume of water displaced
Measuring the volume of liquids:
A liquid takes the shape of the container. Jars and cylinders having fixed volume are used.
Area :
It is the amount of space that exist as shape. It is always measure in square units , such as
square inches, square feet etc.
Measurement of Area :
It is depends on the basic shape of object. In case of rectangle, Area can be calculated as
product of length (l) times width (w).
Area of irregular shapes depends on the, whole area is divided into smaller shapes such that
we can calculated by formula and at end adding up all area of shapes.
Density:
The density of a substance is its mass per unit volume. The symbol most often used for
density is (ρ) termed as rho.
Speed :
Average speed is measured by comparing the distance travelled and the time taken for
journey.
SI unit: meter/second, kilometer/hour
Distance-time graphs:
If an object is moving along a straight line, the distance covered by that object can be
represented by a distance-time graph.
In a distance-time graph, the gradient or sharp point increase change of the line is equal to
the speed of the object.
The greater the gradient or the steeper the line on graph, indicating the faster the object is
moving.
Q. A man covers 52 m distance in 10 s , 48 m in next 10 s and 25 m in next 5 s.
Calculate the average speed?
Solution:
Total distance covered by man = (52 + 48 + 25) = 125 m
Total time taken = (10 + 10 + 5 ) = 25 s
125
25
= 5 m/s
(The average speed of man in above example is found to be 5 m/s)
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