Introduction to Fraction
A fraction means a part of a whole (group or region). Every fraction has a numerator and a
denominator.
In the fraction 3/5 , 3 is the numerator part and 5 is the denominator part.
Types of Fraction:-
(i) Proper Fraction: Fraction in which the numerator is less than the denominator, is called
proper fraction. For eg: 4/5 , 6/11, 999/1000.
(ii) Improper Fraction: Fraction in which the numerator is either equal to or greater than
the denominator, is called the improper fraction. For eg: 3/5 , 6/5, 1000/999.
(iii) Like Fraction: Fraction having the same denominator are called like fractions. For eg:
3/5, 5/5, 6/5
(iv) Unlike Faction: Fraction having different denominators are called unlike fractions. For
eg: 3/5, 4/3, 4/7
(v) Mixed Fraction : Mixed Fraction like 1 4
1
(vi) Equivalent Fraction:Two or more factions having the same value or representing the same part of whole are called
equivalent fraction.
Example. Write an equivalent fraction of 4/5 with numerator as 12.
Solution:- 1
st Method : To get 12 as the numerator, we have to multiply 4 by 3. Therefore,
denominator 5 should also be multiplied by 3.
So, 4/5 = 4 x 3
5 x 3
= 12/15
2
nd Method : 4 12
5 ?
= 4 x ? = 12 x 5
12 x 5
4
= 15
So, 4/5 = 12/15
Hence, 12 / 15 is an equivalent fraction of 4/5
Example :
Meera cuts 54 m of cloth into some pieces, each of length 3 3/8 meters. How many pieces does she
get.
Solution :
Total length of clothe = 54m
Length of each piece = 3 3/8
m = 27/8 m
No. of pieces formed = 54 / 27/8
= 54 x 8 /27
= 16
Hence , 16 pieces each of length 3 3/8 m can be cut down from the cloth of 54 m length.
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