The following questions consist of two statements — Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these
questions selecting the appropriate option given below:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Q.1. Assertion (A) : In Gujarat, the Sabarmati-basin farmers were agitated and almost caused a riot over the higher priority given to water supply in urban areas, particularly during droughts.
Reason (R) : Inter-state water disputes are also becoming less common with regard to sharing the costs and benefits of the multi-purpose project.
➤ Show AnswerAnswer: (c)
Q.2. Assertion (A) : It was observed that the multi-purpose projects induced earthquakes, caused water-borne disease.
Reason (R) : People had in-depth knowledge of rainfall regimes and soil types and developed wide ranging techniques to harvest rainwater, groundwater, river water and flood water in keeping with the local ecological conditions and their water needs.
➤ Show AnswerAnswer: (a)
Q.3. Assertion (A) : In ancient India, along with the sophisticated hydraulic structures, there existed an extraordinary tradition of water-harvesting system.
Reason (R) : Rainwater, or palar pani, as commonly referred to in these parts, is considered the purest form of natural water.
➤ Show AnswerAnswer: (b)
Q.4. Assertion (A) : Today, dams are built not just for irrigation but for electricity generation, water supply for domestic and industrial uses, flood control, recreation, inland navigation and fish breeding.
Reason (R) : Hence, dams are now referred to as multi-purpose projects where the many uses of the impounded water are integrated with one another.
➤ Show AnswerAnswer: (a)
Q.5. Assertion (A) : Most of the objections to the projects arose due to their success to achieve the purposes for which they were built.
Reason (R) : Ironically, the dams that were constructed to control floods have triggered floods due to sedimentation in the reservoir.
➤ Show AnswerAnswer: (d)
ASSERTION AND REASON
DIRECTION : In the following questions, a statement of
assertion is followed by a statement of reason. Mark the
correct choice as :
(a) If Both assertion and reason are true and reason
is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If Both assertion and reason are true but reason is
not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If Assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If Both assertion and reason are false.
- Assertion : Water is a renewable resource.
Reason : Freshwater is mainly obtained from surface
run off and ground water that is continually being
renewed.
Ans : (a) Both assertion and reason are true and
reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
The total volume of world’s water is estimated to exist
as oceans and only few cent occurs to be fresh water.
Nearly 70 per cent of this freshwater occurs as ice
sheets and glaciers in Antarctica, Greenland and the
mountainous regions of the world. - Assertion : The availability of water resources varies
over space and time.
Reason : Availability of water resources helps in
storing water.
Ans : (c) Assertion is true but reason is false.
Water resources varies over space and time due to
the variation in seasonal and annual precipitation
however water scarcity in most cases is caused by
over- exploitation and excessive use. - Assertion : Dams are referred to as multi-purpose
projects.
Reason : Dams are built for irrigation, electricity
generation, water supply for domestic and industrial
use, flood control, recreation and fish breeding.
Ans : (a) Both assertion and reason are true and
reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
Dams were traditionally built to impound rivers
and rainwater that could be used later to irrigate
agricultural fields. They also help in various activities.
Thus, the reason justifies the assertion. - Assertion : Dams are only used for generating
electricity, not for irrigation.
Reason : Water stored in dam does not produce
electricity.
Ans : (d) Both assertion and reason are false.
Dams are built to impound rivers and rainwater that
could be used later to irrigate agricultural fields and it
also helps to generate electricity and fulfills a variety
of purposes at the same time. Thus, both reason and
assertion are false. - Assertion : Irrigation has also changed the cropping
pattern.
Reason : Crops are now sown according to the amount
and availability of water.
Ans : (a) Both assertion and reason are true and
reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
Irrigation has also changed the cropping pattern of
many regions with farmers shifting to water intensive
and commercial crops. Large farmers are benefitted
through changing the cropping pattern. - Assertion : Irrigation is considered to be the major
source of agriculture.
Reason : Dams are well-known for their capacity to
hold water for agriculture.
Ans : (c) Assertion is true but reason is false.
Irrigation is considered to be the major source of
agriculture. The major sources of irrigation are from
canals, tanks, wells and tubes but dams are used only
to store large water for later use. - Assertion : Multi-purpose projects help to control
floods by regulating water flow.
Reason : Dafrisyere constructed to conserve water.
Ans : (b) Both assertion and reason are true but
reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
Multi-purpose projects include dam which helps us
in conserving and managing water. Floods occur due
to very rainfall. Building dams in most of our river
basins helps in controlling floods as it helps in storing
and regulating water resource. Thus both are true,
but the reason does not justify the answer. - Assertion : Growing Population is the main reason for
water scarcity.
Reason : Irrigation from tube wells and canals is
responsible for water scarcity.
Ans : (c) Assertion is true but reason is false.
Water is utilized on large basis because, increasing
population requires more water for cooking, washing
and bathing. Irrigation is not a major contributor.
Thus, the assertion is true but the reason is not. - Assertion : Ground water a highly overused resource.
Reason : Ground water is used for domestic and
drinking purpose.
Ans : (a) Both assertion and reason are true and
reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
Ground water a highly’ overused resource as it used
for domestic purpose and drinking purpose. Huge
population mainly depends upon the ground water for
basic requirements
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