Chapter 3 Emerging Trends | class 11th | Ncert solution for computer

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Computer Science Chapter 3 Emerging Trends

Question 1: List some of the cloud-based services that you are using at present.

Answer:

• Platform as a Service (PaaS) –

It is use for performing Online Coding.

• Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) –

It is a web services. Ex. Amazon web service

• Software as a Service (SaaS) –

SaaS is web based software. Ex . Google map

Question 2: What do you understand by the Internet of Things? List some of its potential applications.

Answer:

Internet of things are related with the human, object, things, animals, car, door, etc. The all things, objects, or living things are immerse with sensor, software, hardware or network for exchanging a data between other devices via same network. With the help of IOT now we can convert our all daily appliances to smart appliances.

List some of its potential applications:

• Health care (patient monitoring system, hand sanitizations)
• Industry (Facility management, quality control)
• Domestic appliances (Automatic power off/on control , door locker)
• Agriculture (smart farm by using IOT sensor)
• Transportation (Vehicle tracking)

Question3. Write short notes on the following:

a) Cloud Computing

b) Big data and its Characteristics

Answer:

a) Cloud computing:

Cloud computing is a service which is used to send data over the internet or cloud.

Simply, cloud is a service provider. There are so many Cloud Service Provider Companies are    there. Some of them provide free service and some are paid. We can also stored the the data in our cloud.

Basically, internet and cloud is somewhat same. There are three types of cloud services are there:

• SaaS: Software as a service provides services via internet for distribution. With the help of Saas an independent one can interacts with the other clients for administrate the application.
• Paas: With the help of Platform as a service we can able to perform developing running, debugging like coding operation. Paas is generally used for online coding.
• Iaas: Infrastructure as service provide a web service throughout the internet . Example: Amazon web service

b) Big data and its Characteristics:
As a name suggest it is about huge data manipulation including both structured and unstructured. By using big data we can increase the quality of a data, optimize the data, and manipulate data easily. We know that, in todays, we are all exchanging a data through mobile via internet. In result, the large volume of data is generated and it may be critical also. This data is known as big data. The unstructured data like social media post, chat massages, images, etc. with big volume are very fluently managed by the specialized tools of big data.
Following are the characteristics of big data:

1) Volume:
We know that the big data itself is huge in size. Volume of a big data is related with the size of data
2) Velocity:
The velocity of big data is directly related with how much data is created And getting structured in a stroke from different sources.
3) Verity:
When we browsing, searching or do internet surfing. At that we are dealing with different types of data like music, images, text, videos etc.  Some of them are structured, semi structured or unstructured. Big data can daily with different type of verities of data.
4) Veracity:

It is defined a correctness of data. The data which will be stored, it must be meaningful. Because interpreting incorrect data may cause wrong result.

Question 4. Explain the following along with their applications.

a) Artificial Intelligence

b) Machine Learning

Answer:

a) Artificial Intelligence:

In general term, AI is defined as to make a machine smart as it can do the task better than human. AI means to put a human intelligent into machine. Ai works like a human being. We have to trained our machine with information and knowledge. And machine also learnt from them. As well as from its past experience. As named suggest, we have to put intelligent artificially into the machine
Here are the some example of AI:

• Siri
• Google voice
• Alexa,Etc

b) Machine Learning

Machine learning is a part or application of artificial intelligence. Machine learning provide ability to teach, learn, expertise the machine without any human efforts. Four basic steps are there for building a machine learning application:

1. Select and prepare :

Firstly, we have to prepare a training dataset with respective data for particular machine learning model.

2. Choose an algorithm:

Then we have to choose a appropriate algorithm. It tells as how our machine learning model processes our model flow. There are two types of algorithms: Labeled and unlabeled

3. Training:

It is all about the checking, running, comparing and adjusting a result with the required output.

4. Improving the model:

The last step is improving quality, correctness, efficiency of a model with respect to time and size.

Question 5. Differentiate between cloud computing and grid computing with suitable examples.

Answer:

Cloud computing	Grid computing
Cloud computing is client server architecture	Grid  computing is distributed server architecture
In cloud computing, resources are used in centralized pattern	In grid computing, resources are used in collaborative pattern
Cloud service is a paid service	grid service is a free service
It is more flexible	It is less flexible
Example: Salesforce, hubspot	Example: Bluegrid, DISCOM

Question 6. Justify the following statement: “Storage of data is cost-effective and time saving in cloud computing.”

Answer:

While working on internet or  any system,  we create different types of files and folders, etc.  This data is stored in our local hard disk. But now a days the volume of data are increased  day by day. At the time our local hard disks and a primary storage is not sufficient for storage. And when you go for purchasing external memory or external disk for storing a data, it requires lot of money. When this type of situation occurs, to overcome the situation we can use cloud computing.  In cloud computing we have to just purchase a service not storage. So it will be effective than previous. In cloud computing we just need internet service and revenant data. Hence storage data is cost effective and time saving in cloud computing.

Question 7. What is on-demand service? How it is provided in cloud computing?

Answer:

On-demand service is like a gate and drop service.  Whenever the customer required cloud service for particular time he or she can purchase it and whenever the task is completed, he or she can drop the service. On demand service provides services to the customer or client according to their needs. Example: If a company XYZ want a service for a particular project and for a particular time only. At that time they would be purchase  this service and dropout after the completion of project.

Question8. Write examples of the following:

1. a) Government provided cloud computing platform
2. b) Large scale private cloud service providers and the services they provide

Answer:

1. a) Government provided cloud computing platform : MeghRaj is cloud service which is provided by government.
2. b) Large scale private cloud service providers and the services they provide : the most commonly large scale private cloud platform is AWS. Amazon Web Service is Iaas (Infrastructure as a service) cloud platform

Question9. A company interested in cloud computing is looking for a provider who offers a set of basic services, such as virtual server provisioning and on demand storage that can be combined into a platform for deploying and running customized applications. What type of cloud computing model fits these requirements?

1. a) Platform as a Service
2. b) Software as a Service
3. c) Application as a Service
4. d) Infrastructure as a Service

Answer: “Infrastructure as a service” provides a platform for deploying and running customized application.

Question10. If the government plans to make a smart school by applying IoT concepts, how can each of the following be implemented in order to transform a school into IoT-enabled smart school?

1. a) e-textbooks
2. b) Smart boards
3. c) Online Tests
4. d) Wifi sensors on classrooms doors
5. e) Sensors in buses to monitor their location
6. f) Wearables (watches or smart belts) for attendance monitoring.

Answer:

e-textbooks : By using IOT we can available digital book to student for get access from anytime and anywhere.

Smart boards: With the help of IOT we can make a school board work like a tablet. Instead of chalk we can use wireless pen and our hand as a duster.

Online Tests: We can take test virtually. And observe the student via camera and facial       We can also check the answer digitally.

Wifi sensors on classrooms doors: With the help of IOT we can make our door smart. For example, whenever the student enters in classroom, automatically his/her attendance noted.

Sensors in buses to monitor their location: for the safety purpose of student w can track the student via GPS sensor which is monitarized by their parents.

Wearables (watches or smart belts) for attendance monitoring: with the help of wireless sensor, we can track the attendance of students through their watches. Whenever the student enters in classroom the attendance will get marked.

Question 11. Five friends plan to try a startup. However, they have a limited budget and limited computer infrastructure. How can they avail the benefits of cloud services to launch their startup?

Answer:

Cloud service applies charges only for service no for storage and resource. Once we purchase any service, it will be for a lifetime. And we can store a large amount of data into it. Infrastructure as a service is a best service for a startup plans

Question 12. Governments provide various scholarships to students of different classes. Prepare a report on how blockchain technology can be used to promote accountability, transparency and efficiency in distribution of scholarships?

Answer:

Question 13. How are IoT and WoT related?

Answer:

IOT is a internet of thing which is related with things like object which we will use daily. And WoT is web of things which is responsible to connect those IOT things to the web and communicate with the help of various devices like sensor.

Question 14. Match the columns:

Column A	Column B
1. You got a reminder to take medication	A. Smart Parking
2. You got an SMS alert that you forgot to lock the door	B. Smart wearable
3. You got an SMS alert that parking space is available near your block	C. Home Automation
4. You turned off your LED TV from your wrist watch	D. Smart Health

Answer:

1. You got a reminder to take medication	D. Smart Health
2. You got an SMS alert that you forgot to lock the door	C. Home Automation
3. You got an SMS alert that parking space is available near your block	A. Smart Parking
4. You turned off your LED TV from your wrist watch	B. Smart wearable