Class 12 OOP Classes And Objects Revision Notes

Class :- A class is collection of data (data member) and functions (member functions or methods) working on the data. It can be seen as a blue print for the object. No memory is allocated when a class is created. Memory is allocated only when an object is created.

Object :- An Object is an instance of the class.

Data member:- The data declared within the class.

Member functions :- Member functions are the methods which are declared/defined inside the class and operate upon the data member.

Data Abstraction: – Data abstraction represents essential features without including background details.

Data Encapsulation:- Binds the data and its functions into a single unit called class.

Data hiding:- Hides internal object details (data members). Data hiding ensures exclusive data access to class members and protects object integrity by preventing unintended or intended changes.

Inheritance: Inheritance is the process of forming a new class from an existing class or base class.

Base Class :- The class from which methods and data members are derived to new class is knows as base class. The base class is also known as parent class or super class.

Derived Class:- The class that is deriving data and methods from base class is called derive class.

Derived class is also known as a child class or sub class.

Polymorphism:- Poly means many and morphs mean form (Multiple Forms). Refers to the ability of processing of data in more than one form.

Access specifier :- private, protected, public (default access specifier is private)

Accessibility of private, protected and public members