Gregor Johann Mendel (1822 & 1884) started his experiments on plant breeding and hybridisation. He proposed the laws of inheritance in living organisms.
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Reproduction is the process by which living organisms produce new individuals similar to themselves. It ensures continuity of life on earth.
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The changes in the environment to which the organisms respond and react are called stimuli such as light, heat, cold, sound, smell, touch etc.
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All the processes like respiration, digestion, which together keep the living organisms live and perform the job of body maintenance are called life processes.
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To make the study of these elements easy, these elements have been divided into few groups in such a way that elements in the same group have similar properties..
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Carbon is tetravalent, it does not form ionic bond by either losing four electrons (C4+) or by gaining four electrons (C4-). It is difficult to hold four extra electron and would require large amount of energy to remove four electrons. So, carbon can form bond by sharing of its electrons with the electrons of other carbon atom or with other element and attain noble gas configuration.
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Elements can be classified as metals and non-metals on the basis of their properties
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Other natural materials like red cabbage leaves, turmeric, coloured petals of some flowers such as Hydrangea, Petunia and Geranium, which indicate the presence of acid or base in a solution.
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In certain other changes the new substance formed in which the reactant or the parent loses its identity to form new substance called a product. These changes are permanent changes as we won’t get the reactant back.
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This can be done by farming on more land but India is already intensively cultivated. Hence, it is necessary to increase the efficiency of production for both crops and livestock.
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