Class 10th

Q1 Assertion (A): Ford Motors is an MNC. 

Reason (R): It is one of the world’s largest automobile manufacturers with production spread over 26 countries.

Options: 

A Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. 

B Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. 

C A is true but R is false. 

D A is false but R is true.

Ans A Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

Q2 Assertion (A): MNCs can exert a strong influence on product at distant locations 

Reason (R): MNCs set up partnership with local companies, use local companies for supplies, compete with local companies or buy them.

Options: 

A Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. 

B Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. 

C A is true but R is false. 

D A is false but R is true.

Ans A Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

Q3 Assertion (A): Online shopping has become popular among people. 

Reason (R): It destroyed the domestic market.

Options: 

A Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. 

B Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. 

C A is true but R is false. 

D A is false but R is true.

Ans A Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

Q4 Assertion (A): Foreign trade and foreign investment are two main factors of Globalisation. 

Reason (R): They are not playing any role in the international market.

Options: 

A Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. 

B Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. 

C A is true but R is false. 

D A is false but R is true.

Ans C A is true but R is false.

Q5 Assertion (A): An MNC is a company that owns or controls production in more than one nation. 

Reason (R): They set up their offices and factories for production in regions where they can get cheap labour and other resources.

Options: 

A Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. 

B Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. 

C A is true but R is false. 

D A is false but R is true.

Ans A Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

Q6 Assertion (A): Globalisation is related to only two countries. 

Reason (R): MNC s play a major role in globalization.

Options: 

A Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. 

B Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. 

C A is true but R is false. 

D A is false but R is true.

Ans D A is false but R is true.

Q7 Assertion (A): People are attracted towards Chinese products. 

Reason (R): They are cheaper and new designed.

Options: 

A Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. 

B Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. 

C A is true but R is false. 

D A is false but R is true.

Ans A Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

Q8 Assertion (A): Globalisation leads to increased competition in the international and domestic market. 

Reason (R): Globalisation also makes the consumer better off as they have a wider variety of goods to choose at lower prices.

Options: 

A Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. 

B Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. 

C A is true but R is false. 

D A is false but R is true.

Ans A Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

Q9 Assertion (A): Investment made by MNCs is called foreign investment.

Reason (R): They need land, buildings ,machines and other equipments from that nation.

Options: 

A Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. 

B Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. 

C A is true but R is false. 

D A is false but R is true.

Ans A Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

Q10 Assertion (A): Rapid improvement in technology has been one major factor that has stimulated the globalization process. 

Reason (R): Developing countries are likely to become at par with developed countries in terms of technological development due to globalization.

Options: 

A Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. 

B Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. 

C A is true but R is false. 

D A is false but R is true.

Ans A Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

Directions:- In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both statements carefully and choose the correct answer from the below:

(a)Both A and R are true, R is the correct explanation of A.

(b) Both A and R are true, But R is not the correct explanation of A.

(c) A is true , R is false.

(d) A is false , R is true

1.) Assertion (A) :- Ford Motors is an MNC.

Reason (R):- It is one of the world’s largest automobile manufacturers with production spread over 26 countries.

Answer- (a) Both A and R are true, R is the correct explanation of A.

2.) Assertion (A):- MNCs can exert a strong influence on product at distant locations

Reason (R):- MNCs set up partnership with local companies, use local companies for supplies, compete with local companies or buy them.

Answer- (a) Both A and R are true, R is the correct explanation of A.

3.) Assertion (A) :- Online shopping has become popular among people.

Reason (R) it destroyed domestic market.

Answer- (a) Both A and R are true, R is the correct explanation of A.

4.) Assertion (A):- Foreign trade and foreign investment are two main factors of Globalisation.

Reason (R) :-They are not playing any role in international market.

Answer- (c) A is true , R is false.

5.) Assertion (A): An MNC is a company that owns or controls production in more than one nation.
Reason (R): They set up their offices and factories for production in regions where they can get cheap labour and other resources.

Answer- (a) Both A and R are true, R is the correct explanation of A.

6.) Assertion (A):-Globalisation is related with only two countries.

Reason (R):- MNC s play major role in globalization.

Answer- (d) A is false , R is true

7.) Assertion (A):- People are attracted towards Chinese products.

Reason (R) They are cheaper and new designed.

Answer- (a) Both A and R are true, R is the correct explanation of A.

8.) Assertion (A):- Globalisation leads to increased competition in international and domestic market.

Reason (R):-Globalisation also makes the consumer better off as they have a wider variety of goods to choose at lower prices.

Answer- (a) Both A and R are true, R is the correct explanation of A.

9.) Assertion (A):- Foreign trade and foreign investment are two main factors of Globalisation.

Reason (R) :-They are not playing any role in international market.

Answer- (c) A is true , R is false.

10.) Assertion (A) :- Investment made by MNCs is called foreign investment.\

Reason (R):- They need land buildings ,machines and other equipments from that nation.

Answer- (a) Both A and R are true, R is the correct explanation of A.

11.) Assertion (A):- Rapid improvement in technology has been one major factor that has stimulated the globalization process.

Reason (R):- Developing countries are likely to become at par with developed countries in terms of technological development due to globalization.

Answer- (a) Both A and R are true, R is the correct explanation of A.

Directions:- In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both statements carefully and choose the correct answer from the below:

• (a) Both assertion and reason are true, and reason is the correct explanation of
  assertion.
• (b) Both assertion and reason are true, but reason is not the correct explanation of
  assertion.
• (c) Assertion is true, but reason is false.
• (d) Both assertion and reason are false.

1.) Assertion (A): Collateral is an asset that the borrower owns (such as land, building, vehicle, livestock, deposits with banks) and uses this as a guarantee to a lender until the loan is repaid.

Reason (R): Collateral is given as the lender can sell the collateral to recover the loan
amount if the borrower fails to repay the loan.

Answer – (a) Both assertion and reason are true, and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.

2.) Assertion (A): Banks charge a higher interest rate on loans than what they offer on deposits.

Reason (R): The difference between what is charged from borrowers and what is paid to
depositors is their main source of income.

Answer – (a) Both assertion and reason are true, and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.

3.) Assertion (A): Credit would be useful or not depends on the risk involved in a situation.

Reason (R): The chance of benefitting from credit ishighest in agriculture sector.

Answer – (c) Assertion is true, but reason is false.

4.) Assertion (A): Banks keep only a small proportion of their deposits as cash with
themselves.

Reason (R): Banks in India these days hold about 15 per cent of their deposits as cash.

Answer – (b) Both assertion and reason are true, but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.

5.) Assertion (A): The terms of deposit are same for all credit arrangements.\

Reason (R): Credit arrangements are very complex process so to remove the
complexities same terms of deposits are used

Answer – (d) Both assertion and reason are false.

6.) Assertion (A): The facility of demand deposits makes it possible to settle payments
without the use of cash.

Reason (R) : Demand deposits are paper orders which make it
possible to transfer money from one person’s account to another person’s account.

Answer – (d) Both assertion and reason are false.

7.) Assertion (A): The Reserve Bank of India supervises the functioning of formal sources of loans.

Reason (R): The RBI sees that the banks give loans not just to profit-making businesses
and traders but also to small cultivators, small scale industries, to small borrowers etc.

Answer – (b) Both assertion and reason are true, but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.

8.) Assertion (A): In India, no individual can refuse to accepta payment made in rupees.

Reason (R): Rupee is the legal tender in India

Answer – (a) Both assertion and reason are true, and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.

9.) Assertion (A): Sohan took credit in the form of advance payment from a buyer and he
delivered the goods to the buyer on time and also earned profit. The credit made sohan better off in this situation.

Reason (R): Credit can never push a person into a debt trap.

Answer – (c) Assertion is true, but reason is false.

10.) Assertion (A): The modern currency is used as a medium of exchange; however, it does not have a use of its own.

Reason (R): Modern currency is easy to carry

Answer – (b) Both assertion and reason are true, but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.

Directions:- In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both statements carefully and choose the correct answer from the below:

1.) Assertion (A) :- Leela works 5 days a week , receives her income on a last day of each month and gets medical facilities from her firm.

Reason (R) :- Leela is working in na organized sector.

• (A) both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A) .
• (B) both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A) .
• (C) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
• (D) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is correct.

Answer- (A) both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A) .

2.) Assertion (A): Disguised unemployment is hidden in contrast to someone who does not have a job and is clearly visible as unemployed. Everyone is working, no one is fully employed.

Reason (R): In actual fact, labor effort gets divided.

[ KVS Hyderabad 2021 – 22 ]

• (A) If both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct
  explanation of assertion (A).
• (B) If both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct
  explanation of assertion (A).
• (C) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
• (D) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are false.

Answer- (B) If both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A).

3.) Assertion (A) Under MNREGA 2005, those who are able to and are in need to work in rural areas are guaranteed 100 days of employment in a year.

Reason (R) The Central Government in India made a law implementing the Right to Work in about 625 districts of India.

• (A) both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A) .
• (B) both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A) .\
• (C) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
• (D) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is correct.

Answer- (B) both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A) .

4.) Assertion (A): Per Capita Income is calculated in US dollars.

Reason (R): US dollar is not considered as the medium of international exchange. It is accepted as a method of payment across the world

• (A) If both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct
  explanation of assertion (A).
• (B) If both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct
  explanation of assertion (A).
• (C) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
• (D) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are false.

Answer- (C) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.

5.) Assertion (A):- Rakesh is an educated and skilled worker who earns a high monthly salary as he is employed in a private bank in a city.

Reason (R)- all services sectors in India are growing extremely well and each individual engaged in any kind of tertiary activity and earns a high income.

• (A) both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A) .
• (B) both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A) .
• (C) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
• (D) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is correct.

Answer- (A) both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A) .

6.) Assertion (A): In the public sector, the government owns most of the assets and provides all the services.

Reason (R): the purpose of the public sector is not first to earn profits but to promote public welfare.

• (A) If both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
• (B) If both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
• (C) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
• (D) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are false.

Answer- (A) If both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).

7.) Assertion (A) An individual who manufactures flour from wheat is engaged in primary sector.

Reason (R) When some process of manufacturing is used the product is a part of secondary sector.

[ KVS Raipur 2021 – 22 ]

• (A) both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A) .
• (B) both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A) .
• (C) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
• (D) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is correct.

Answer- (D) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is correct.

8.) Assertion (A): The service sector is gaining more importance in the global economy.

Reason (R): As income levels decrease, certain sections of people start demanding many more services like private schools, and hospitals, eating outlets, tourism, etc

• (A) If both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct
  explanation of assertion (A).
• (B) If both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
• (C) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
• (D) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are false.

Answer- (C) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.

9.) Assertion (A) :- In India the primary sector is the largest employer.

Reason (R) :- The demand of services has increased enormously.

• (A) both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A) .
• (B) both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A) .
• (C) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
• (D) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is correct.

Answer- (B) both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A) .

Directions:- In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both statements carefully and choose the correct answer from the below:

1.) Assertion (A) – A high average income is not indicative of the overall wellbeing of a country.

Reason (R) – Average income does not cover human development indicates like level of
education, health and public facilities.

[ KVS Raipur 2021 – 22 ]

• (A) both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A) .
• (B) both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A) .
• (C) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
• (D) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is correct.

Answer- (A) both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A) .

2.) Assertion: India has experienced some significant changes in the contribution to GDP by the primary sector

Reason: In terms of GDP, the service sector emerged as the largest producing sector in India replacing the primary sector.

[ KVS Hyderabad 2021 – 22 ]

• A) If both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct
  explanation of assertion (A).
• (B) If both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct
  explanation of assertion (A).
• (C) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
• (D) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are false.

Answer- (D) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are false.

3.) Assertion (A) Suppose the literacy rate in a state is 78% and the the net attendance ratio in secondary stage is 47%.

Reason ( R ) More than half of the students are going to other states for elementary education.

• (A) both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A) .
• (B) both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A) .
• (C) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
• (D) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is correct.

Answer-(A) both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A) .

4.) Assertion (A) Sustainable development is a crucial step for the development of a country.

Reason ( R ) Sustainability is the capability to use the resources judicious and maintain
ecological balance.

• (A) both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A) .
• (B) both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A) .
• (C) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
• (D) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is correct.

Answer-(B) both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A) .

5.) Assertion (A): Kerala has a low Infant Mortality Rate.

Reason (R): Kerala lacks the provision of basic health and educational facilities.

• (A) If both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct
  explanation of assertion (A).
• (B) If both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct
  explanation of assertion (A).
• (C) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
• (D) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are false.

Answer- (C) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.

6.) Assertion (A): The availability of resources is a necessary condition for the development of any region, but mere availability of resources in the absence of corresponding changes in technology and institutions may hinder development.

Reason (R): There are many regions in our county that are rich in resources but these are included in economically backward regions.

• (A) If both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct
  explanation of assertion (A).
• (B) If both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct
  explanation of assertion (A).
• (C) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
• (D) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are false.

Answer- (B) If both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A).

7. Assertion (A) A country at present has very high national income due to surplus oil resource. However it is essential to look for alternative sources of income also.

Reason (R) Oil is a natural resource that is non-renewable in nature. If it is not used judiciously then it will get exhausted soon.

• (A) both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A) .
• (B) both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A) .
• (C) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
• (D) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is correct.

Answer- (A) both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A) .

8.) Assertion (A) Different people having different development goals.

Reason (R) People want freedom, equality, security and respect.

• (A) both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A) .
• (B) both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A) .
• (C) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
• (D) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is correct.

Answer- (A) both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A) .

9.) Assertion (A): Developmental goals that people are not only about better income but also about other important things in life.

Reason (R): A safe and secure environment may allow more women to take up a variety of jobs or run a business.

[ KVS Hyderabad 2021 – 22 ]

(A) If both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct
explanation of assertion (A).
(B) If both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of assertion (A).
(C) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(D) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are false.

Answer- (B) If both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A).

ASSERTION AND REASON
DIRECTION : Mark the option which is most suitable :
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is
the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is
not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If both assertion and reason are false.

1. Assertion : At least one fourth of the globe is still not
   under democratic government.
   Reason : Because the challenge for democracy in these
   parts of the world is very stark.
   Ans : (a) Both assertion and reason are true and
   reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
2. Assertion : Any legal change must carefully look at
   what results it will have on politics.
   Reason : As sometimes the results may be counterproductive.
   Ans : (a) Both assertion and reason are true and
   reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
3. Assertion : Power sharing is the spirit of democracy.
   Reason : As the rights of the people are not limited to
   the right to vote, stand in elections and form political
   organizations.
   Ans : (b) Both assertion and reason are true but
   reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
4. Assertion : The rulers elected by the people must not
   take all the major decisions.
   Reason : Democracy cannot be the brute rule of
   majority and a respect for minority voice is necessary
   for democracy.
   Ans : (a) Both assertion and reason are true and
   reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
5. Assertion : Democratic reforms are to be brought
   about principally through political practice.
   Reason : Any proposal for political reforms should
   think only about what is a good solution but not care
   about who will implement it and how.
   Ans : (c) Assertion is true but reason is false.
6. Assertion : The third challenge of deepening of
   democracy is usually not faced by every democracy in
   one form or another.
   Reason : This involves strengthening of the country
   and practices of democracy.
   Ans : (d) Both assertion and reason are false.

Directions:- In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both statements carefully and choose the correct answer from the below:

• (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
• (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
• (c) A is correct but R is wrong.
• (d) A is wrong but R is correct.

1.) Assertion (A) : Most societies across the world were historically male dominated
societies.

Reason(R): Equal treatment of women is not a necessary ingredients of a democratic
society

Answer- (c) A is correct but R is wrong.

2.) Assertion (A) : Democracies do not appear to be very successful in reducing economic inequalities.

Reason(R): The majority of Indian Voters are poor.

Answer- (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

3.) Assertion (A) : Democratic Governments do not have a very good record when it comes to sharing information with the citizens

Reason(R): All one can say in favour of democratic regimes is that they are much better
than Non Democratic Regimes.

Answer- (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

4.) Assertion (A) : Democratic government is certainly better than its alternatives

Reason(R): Democratic government may be slow, less efficient but it is legitimate and
people’s own government.

Answer- (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

5.) Assertion (A) : People in poor countries are dependent on rich countries

Reason(R): In Bangladesh more than half of population lives in poverty.

Answer- (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

6.) Assertion (A) : Non-democratic rulers do not have to bother about deliberation in assemblies or worry about majorities and public opinion.

Reason(R): So, they can be very quick and efficient in decision making and
implementation.

Answer- (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

7.) Assertion (A) : Democracies are based on political equality

Reason(R): All individuals have equal say in electing representatives.

Answer- (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

8.) Assertion (A) : Democracy remains democracy only as long as every citizen has a chance of being in majority sometimes

Reason(R): Majority and Minority opinions are permanent.

Answer- (c) A is correct but R is wrong.

9.) Assertion (A) : Dictatorship is better form of Government as compared to Democracy

Reason(R): Dictatorship have slightly higher rate of economic growth.

Answer- (d) A is wrong but R is correct.

10.) Assertion (A) : Expectations from democracy also function as the criteria for judging any democratic country.

Reason(R): It transforms people from the status of a subject into that of a citizen.

Answer- (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Directions:- In the following questions, the Assertions (A) and Reason(s) (R) have been put forward. Read both statements carefully and choose the correct answer from the below:

• A). Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
• B). Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
• C). A is true but R is false
• D). A is false bur R is true

1). Assertion (A) : If the budget presented to the Rajya Sabha is not passed within the
stipulated period, the budget proposals are not affected.

Reason (R ) : In financial matters, the Lok Sabha is more powerful than the Rajya Sabha.

Answer- A). Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

2). Assertion (A) : In India political parties which formed the government represent the
majority of seats secured in the elections to the House of the People at the Centre and the Legislative Assemblies in the States but not the Majority of votes.

Reason (R ) : The elections based on the majority vote system decided the result on the basis of relative majority of votes secured.

Answer- A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

3). Assertion (A) : Only those parties that are recognized as national parties can contest in elections for Parliament.

Reason (R ) : Recognition to a political party as a national party is accorded by the Election Commission.

Answer- D). A is false bur R is true

4). Assertion (A) : India has a parliamentary system of government.

Reason (R ) : Indian Parliament is bicameral.

Answer- B). Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A

5). Assertion (A) : The Constitution of India has made the President the Supreme
Commander of Armed Forces.

Reason (R ) : Democracy maintains civilian supremacy over the military force.

Answer- A). Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

ASSERTION AND REASON
DIRECTION : Mark the option which is most suitable :
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is
the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is
not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If both assertion and reason are false.

1. Assertion : The story of Poland applies to the struggle
   for establishing or restoring democracy. Reason :
   Democracy evolves through popular struggles
   Ans : (b) Both assertion and reason are true but
   reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
   Defining moments of democracy usually involve
   conflict between those groups who have exercised
   power and those who aspire for a share in power. The
   assertion and reason are both true but the reason is
   not the correct explanation of the assertion.
2. Assertion : In 1984, the Karnataka government set up
   a company called Karnataka Pulpwood Limited.
   Reason : The company began to plant eucalyptus
   trees on this land, which could be used for making
   paper pulp.
   Ans : (b) Both assertion and reason are true but
   reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
   The reason and assertion are both true but the reason
   does not justify the assertion.
3. Assertion : Pressure groups and movements exert
   influence on politics in a variety of ways.
   Reason : These groups try to influence the government
   by contesting elections.
   Ans : (c) Assertion is true but reason is false.
   Pressure groups try to gain public support and
   sympathy for .their goals and their activities by
   carrying out information campaigns, organizing
   meetings, filing petitions, etc. Most of these groups
   try to influence the media into giving more attention
   to these issues. The reason is false while the assertion
   is true.
4. Assertion : Interest groups seek to promote the
   interests of a particular section or group of society.
   Reason : They are sectional because they represent a
   section of society: workers, employees, businesspersons,
   industrialists, followers of a religion, caste group, etc.
   Ans : (a) Both assertion and reason are true and
   reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
   The principal concern of these interest groups is the
   betterment and well-being of their members, not
   society in general. Thus, the reason and assertion
   are both true and the reason explains the assertion
   completely.
5. Assertion : Single-issue movements are similar to
   movements that are long term and involve more than
   one issue.
   Reason : The environmental movement and the
   women’s movement are examples of multiple issue
   movements.
   Ans : (d) Both assertion and reason are false.
   Both the reason and assertion are false, because
   Women’s movement and environmental movements
   are single issue movements, which are completely
   different from movements with multiple issues.
6. Assertion : It fessure groups and movements have
   deepened democracy.
   Reason : Putting pressure on the rulers is an unhealthy
   activity in a democracy as long as everyone gets this
   opportunity.
   Ans : (c) Assertion is true but reason is false.
   The reason is false, while the assertion is true.