Real numbers are the numbers which include both rational and irrational numbers. Rational numbers such as integers (-2, 0, 1), fractions(1/2, 2.5) and irrational numbers such as √3, π(22/7), etc., are all real numbers.

Class 10 Real Numer Reduced Syllabus (20-2021)

1. Real Numbers  (8 Periods)

Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic – statements after  reviewing work done earlier and after illustrating and motivating through examples, Proofs of the irrationality of

Decimal representation of rational numbers in terms of terminating/non-terminating recurring decimals.

Class 10 Real Number Deleted Syllabus (20-2021)

CBSE 10th & 12th Date Sheet 2021, CBSE 10th & 12th Time Table 2021: CBSE 2021 Exam dates for 10th & 12th Board Exams 2021 are from 4th May to 11th June 2021. CBSE Result 2021 to be announced on July 15. Check official updates.

CBSE 2021 board exams dates have been officially announced at cbse.gov.in & at cbse.nic.in. along with CBSE Result 2021 announcement date. All updates about CBSE 10th & 12th board exam date sheet 2021 or CBSE 10th & 12th Board Exam Time Table 2021 are available here. Union Education Minister Ramesh Pokhriyal ‘Nishank’ has announced CBSE Date Sheet 2021 on 2nd February. After the announcement of key dates about CBSE 10th & 12th Board Exams 2021. Students can align their preparation for upcoming CBSE 10th & 12th Board Exams 2021. The board has announced the detailed CBSE Date Sheet 2021 or CBSE Time Table 2021 for CBSE 10th & 12th Board Exams 2021 on 2nd February 2021.    

Nearly 30 lakh students are set to appear for the CBSE Board exam 2021 this year, the commencing date for which has already been announced.

Candidates must note that CBSE Class 10 and Class 12 admit cards are likely to be released in April, according to the report. This year, the syllabus has been reduced to 30 per cent, and the paper will contain 33 per cent internal choice questions.

For the convenience of the students, we have mentioned the steps through which the candidates can check the datesheets:

Step 1: Visit the official website- cbse.nic.in
Step 2: Click on the link- ‘classes 10, 12 datesheets’
Step 3: Class 10/ 12 exam schedule will appear on the screen
Step 4: Download, take a print out for further reference.

Important Link

Official Website: Click here

Download Class 10th Date Sheet: Click here

Download Class 12th Datasheet : Click here

NCERT Most Important Question & Solutions For Class-10 Chapter 6 Indian Constitution (Political Science)| Extra Question

The start of class 10 marks the beginning of the foundation for class 11 and class 12. It is very important study the basics in order to understand each and every chapter properly. In this page, we have provided all the important question for cbse class 10 that could be asked in the examination. Students also need to study the ncert solutions for class 10 in order to gain more knowledge and understanding the lessons. Questions and Answers are way to learn the new things in a proper way. NCERT textbooks downloads for class 10 in pdf are also available for the students if they need more help. By downloading these books, they can study from it. Our experts also prepared revision notes for class 10 so that students should see the details of each and every chapters. Class 10 important questions are the best to revise all the chapters in the best way.

1.Write an introductory note on Constituent Assembly?
Or
Give the introduction of the Constitution Assembly? 
Answer:
The formation of Constituent Assembly was the result of the ‘Swaraj Bill’ prepared under the directions of Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak in 1895, the statement of Mahatma Gandhi on 5 January, 1922 that, “Indian Constitution shall be as per the wishes of the people of India”, the National Convention of February 1924 under the Chairmanship of Tej Bahadur Sapru and the demand in the Patna Convention of Swaraj Dal in May 1934.

The members of the Constituent Assembly could not be elected directly by adult franchise therefore as a practical solution provincial Assemblies were utilised as election bodies.

2.Who were the prominent members of the Constituent Assembly from Madhya Pradesh?
Answer:
Important members of the Constituent Assembly from the existing provinces viz. Central Province a Berar, Central India region (Bhopal, Gwalior, Indore and Rewa) were Pandit Ravishankar Shukla, Seth Govind Das, Hari Vishnu Kamat, Ghanshyam Singh Gucch, Gopikrishan Vijayvargiya, Radhavallabh Vijayvargiya and Thakur Lai Singh.

3.What do you understand by Directive Principales of the State Policy?
Or
What do you mean by Directive Principles of State Policy? Write. 
Answer:
Directive Principles of the State Policy:
In the fourth part of the Constitution, fundamental principles of Governance have been described, these are known as directive principles. The principles are guidelines for political, social and economic programmes for modem democracy. Although these principles cannot be directed by any court to be enforced but they are fundamental in the good Governance of the country. Through these directive principles an attempt has been made to set up a welfare state in India.

4.What is importance of Preamble in the Constitution?
Answer:
In the Preamble of the Constitution the framers of the Constitution have incorporated the objectives of the Constitution, so also values and ideals. This is called the essence or spirit of the Constitutions, it is the resolve and feelings of the framers of the Constitution.

In the very beginning of the Preamble it has been indicated that the Constitution has been framed as per the wishes of the people and ultimate powers vest in the people. It has been stated that India shall be sovereign, democratic republic. As per the 42nd Constitutional amendment; India was declared as a socialist and secular state.

5.Explain the meaning of Socialist and Secular. 
Answer:
Socialism and Secular:
By a socialist state is meant that the Indian economy shall be based on socialistic pattern of society. Minimum basic needs of every Indian shall be fulfilled. Socialism as per the Indian conditions shall be adopted. The ideal of secularism has been cherished in the Constitution. It means that the state shall protect the interests of all religious beliefs but will not have any particular religion as state religion. The state shall not discriminate citizens on the basis of religion. Every citizen is free to follow its religion and beliefs.

6.What did Dr. B.R Ambedkar say about the Constitution of India?
Answer:
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar said about the Indian Constitution:
It is the bulkiest in the world. Here people of different religions and classes live. Detailed description of all this is given in the constitution of the country.

7.Explain the right of speech and freedom of expression?
Answer:
The right to freed on grants certain freedoms to the Indians. One such freedom is right to state one’s views and express them. But this freedom is to be exercised within the framework of public order, decency, sovereignty etc.

8.Explain the right to constitutional remedies?
Answer:
Right to constitutional remedies is one of the important fundamental rights. According to this right, the courts are required to protect the fundamental rights from any encroachment. For this, the courts have the power to issue writs. Habeas Corpus, Prohibition, Quo Warranto, Mandamus, Certiorari.

9.Why Fundamental Rights are incorporated in the Indian Constitution?
Answer:
The incorporation of fundamental rights in the Constitution is a matter of great significance. This shows that how important and sacred fundamental rights have been considered and how they are thought to be so Fundamental that they have been incorporated in the Constitution.

10.Why the Indian citizen should follow the Fundamental Duties?
Answer:
The Indian citizen follows and should follow fundamental duties because –

1. Duties constitute part of the constitution and as such possess legal states.
2. They have to enjoy rights and hence should follow duties.

11.Explain the right to equality?
Answer:
Right to equality has been explained in Articles 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18. The kind of equality in the constitution is given as under –

1. Equality before law and equal protection of law.
2. Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of caste, creed, colour, sex, region or any one of them.
3. Equal opportunities to all, based only on qualifications.
4. Abolition of untouchability.
5. Abolition of all title except academic and military.

12.What rights are received from the right against exploitation?
Answer:
The following rights are received from the right against exploitation –

1. Prohibition of bonded labour.
2. Prohibition of Adivasis system.
3. Prohibition of employment of children below the age of 14 in any hazardous beings.
4. Prohibition of trafficing in human beings.

13.Distinguish between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles?
Answer:

1. The Fundamental Rights are enforceable while the Directive Principles are not enforceable.
2. The Fundamental Rights are in the form of injustiction on the state while the Directive Principles are in the form of directives to the state.
3. The Fundamental Rights are rights of the citizens the Directive Principles are the duties of the state.
4. The Fundamental Rights lay the foundations of political democracy while the Directive Principles, of economic democracy.
5. The Fundamental Rights are, by and large, negative whereas the Directive Principles are positive in character.

14.What do you mean by the Federal Form of Government?
Answer:
Federal Form of Government As per the First Schedule of the Constitution, India is a federation of States. Thus federal form of Government has been set up in India. The powers of Government are not Centralized at one place and are divided between the Center and the States and both have independence in their respective jurisdictions.

The Constitution is written and rigid to a considerable extent and it is supreme. The Supreme Court is the protector of the Constitution. Supreme Court has also the powers to interpret the Constitutional provisions and decide Constitutional disputes arising between the Center and the States.

15.Discribe the salient features of Indian Constitution?
Answer:
Salient Features of Indian Constitution are:

1. Written and the largest Constitution.
2. Mix of rigidity flexibility.
3. Sovereign Republic.
4. Socialist and secular republic.
5. Parliamentary system.
6. Federal system.
7. Free and impartial judiciary.
8. Fundamental rights and basic duties.
9. Directive principles of state policy.
10. Universal adult franchise.

16.Indian Constitution is the matrix of flexibility and rigidity. Explain?
Answer:
A Constitution is termed as rigid or flexible on the basis of the procedure adopted for its amendment. If the constitution can be adopted by a simple procedure followed for framing simple laws it is termed as flexible but if a special procedure is needed for amendment then it is termed as rigid or inflexible.

There are three procedures of amendments in the Indian Constitution. Certain provisions can be amended by a simple majority, some provisions can be amended by specific majority and certain important ones can only be amended by specific majority and consent of atleast 50 per cent number of states. Thus it is a mix of flexibility and rigidity.

17.How many types of Constitution can be there?
Answer:
The fathers of Indian Constitution consulted and took useful provisions from Constitutions of several countries. The directive principles have been taken from the Constitution of Ireland. The idea of Fundamental Rights has been taken from the Constitution of United States of America. The concept of Federation of states (Federal form of Government) is taken from Canadian Constitution.

NCERT Quick Revision Notes of Chapter 5 The First Freedom Struggle of 1857(History)

NCERT Solution of Chapter 5 The First Freedom Struggle of 1857(History)

NCERT MCQs of Chapter 5 The First Freedom Struggle of 1857(History)

NCERT Most Important Question & Solutions For Class-10 Chapter 5 The First Freedom Struggle of 1857(History)| Extra Question

The start of class 10 marks the beginning of the foundation for class 11 and class 12. It is very important study the basics in order to understand each and every chapter properly. In this page, we have provided all the important question for cbse class 10 that could be asked in the examination. Students also need to study the ncert solutions for class 10 in order to gain more knowledge and understanding the lessons. Questions and Answers are way to learn the new things in a proper way. NCERT textbooks downloads for class 10 in pdf are also available for the students if they need more help. By downloading these books, they can study from it. Our experts also prepared revision notes for class 10 so that students should see the details of each and every chapters. Class 10 important questions are the best to revise all the chapters in the best way.

1.What were the immediate causes of freedom struggle?
Answer:
The immediate cause of the Revolt of 1857 was the cartridges incident. The cartridges supplied to the soldiers for the newly introduced enfield rifle were greased with fat and had to be bitten with teeth before being loaded in the rifle. The rumour spread that the cartridges were greased with the fat of cows and pigs. As such many Indian soldiers refused to use them. This sparked the revolt.

2.Why is the struggle of 1857 called the first struggle of freedom? 
Answer:
The struggle for freedom of 1857 is considered as a glorious and revolutionary event in the history of India. The revolution of 1857 was the first armed revolution which was so widespread and powerful that it shook the foundation of British Empire. By keeping the national problems on center stage, the revolution of 1857 challenged the existence of East India Company’s Rule.

The revolution of 1857 was a nationwide, organized struggle for putting up an end to the British Rule. Although this struggle failed in its mission, its memories and inspiration are still alive in the heart of common man. Among the Indian people an awakening took place followed by the freedom struggle.

3.Why did the 1857 uprisings against the British Rule failed?
Answer:
Lack of organised policy, leadership and tradition weapons are the main factors responsible to the failure of 1857 awakening. While the British army and leaders were well planned in there resources and policy. The rising did not spread throughout the country.

It was confined to some pockets of India. Sindh, Kashmir, Rajputana, East Bengal, South India and most of the Punjab did not take part in it. The Sikh, Rajput and Gorkha battallions remained faithful to British and even helped them in suppressing the revolt.

4.Why were the Indian rulers angry with the British Rule? 
Answer:
The policy of exploitation for the natural and human resources of the country was the matter of dissatisfaction to the Indians. On the other hand, the policy of ‘divide and rule’ proned a dicisive for uprising the Indian against the company rule.

5.What changes were introduced in the British administration after the freedom struggle of 1857?
Answer:
The revolt was eventually crushed by British Government but it caused a severe blow to the British Government. Consequentially British Government had to introduce many administrative changes. These changes brought about many transform in Indian society, economy and governance. They were:

1. A declaration was passed in 1858 in British Parliament according to which the right to rule was transferred to British Government from the East India Company.

2. After 1858 there was a restructuring of army. Since British Government had lost faith in Indian soldiers, all important posts in army were given to British officers. More number of European soldiers was inducted. British restructured the Indian army with the policy of “divide and rule”.

3. There was change in policy of merger of states. Adoption of a successor was recognized. Native rules were assured that no more take over of states will take place henceforth.

4. British Government showed a more sympathetic altitude towards landowners, landlords, and native rulers in order to get their support.

6.Describe the historical importance of the first struggle for freedom?
Or
Describe the historical importance of the struggle for freedom of 1857? 
Answer:
The importance of the first struggle of freedom – 1857 can be discussed under the following heads:

1. The end of the Company Rule in India:
The rule and administrations of East India Company had transferred to British Government. It was then thought that the crown’s administration would bring a new period of good administration.

2. Indian People in Government Service:
It was thought that with the introduction of new government. Indian people will have good chances to secure government services and that would be without any discrimination of colour, creed, sex and other economic grounds.

3. Religious freedom:
In its post policy, it was expected, as per assurance given that religious freedom would be given to the Indian people and Britishers would not interfere in their religious matters.

4. Assurance to the Princely states:
Indian kings were given assurance that their kingdoms would not be annexed. They were also told that right of adoption will also be given.

5. Patriotism:
After the struggle of 1857, the feeling of patriotism was fostered in the minds of the people and they were more confident of achieving things if they are denied by the administration.

7.Write short notes on:

1. Tatya Tope
2. Rani Laxmibai
3. Nana Saheb
4. Begam Hazrat Mahal.

Or
“Tatya Tope was a brave freedom fighter”. Write in short? (MP Board 2009)
Or
Write about Rani Laxmibai? (MP Board 2009)
Or
Give a brief introduction of main freedom fighter of first freedom struggle? (MP Board 2009)
Answer:
1. Tatya Tope:
Tatya Tope was one of the valiant soldiers of struggle of 1857 who had their loyalty with Peshwa family. Tatya Tope will be remembered for his patriotism, courage, strategizing skills, military acumen, perseverance in the absence of resources, fearlessness and guerrilla warfare tactics. The entire responsibility of Nana Saheb Peshwa’s military campaign was on the shoulders of Tatya Tope.

Tatya Tope played a major role in acquiring Gwalior for the Queen of Jhansi Laxmibai. After the death of Laxmibai, Tatya Tope continuously engaged himself in guerrilla warfare and challenged British army in Central India and Bundelkhand. He was arrested by British by deceit and betrayal. He was caught in the jungle of Aaron (district Guna) and was hanged in Shivpuri on 18th April, 1859.

2. Rani Laxmibai:
In the year 1854, following the death of Raja Gangadhar Rao, the husband of Laxmibai, British Government denied their adopted son the throne and merged Jhansi with their empire. Rani Laxmibai protested and fought fiercely. Having defeated by Hurose she landed in Kalapi and, with the help of Tatya Tope she acquired Gwalior.

British commandor Hurose besieged Gwalior fort. On 17th June, 1858 Laxmi sacrificed her life in soldier’s outfit and harnessed with horse. Stories of her valour are still sung and inspire the Indians.

3. Nana Saheb:
Nana Saheb was another important soldier in the freedom struggle. He was the adopted son of Bajirao Peshwa II and stayed in Bithur. After the demise of Bajirao Peshwa, British Govemement refused to grant a title or pension to Nana Saheb. Therefore, Nana Saheb along with his loyal soldiers chased British army off from Kanpur and declared himself a Peshwa. Tatya Tope and Ajimullah were his loyal army chiefs.

4. Begam Hazrat Mahal:
Begum Hazrat Mahal was the widow of Nawab of Awadh. Once the revolt started, Begum encouraged and manage it. She declared her minor son Birjis Kadar as Nawab of Awadh and ordered her soldiers to attack the British residency in Lucknow. She also led the revolt in Shahajahnpur. After suffering a defeat she went to Nepal.

8.Who was Mangal Pandey?
Answer:
Mangal Pandey was a soldier and on 29 March, 1857 he refused to use the larded cartridge and shot a British officer in a feat of anger.

9.Who was Bahadurshah Jafar II?
Answer:
Bahadur Shah Zafar II was the last Mughal emperor of India. Despite his old age, Bahadurshah II accepted the leadership of revolt. Looking to the enthusiasm of soldiers, he was also optimistic about the success of revolt.

10.What do you mean by the East India Company?
Answer:
The British East India, Company was established in the year 1600. To earn more and more profit through trade was the main aim of the company. In order to achieve its objective, the company did not hesitate to even use the unscrupulous methods.

Surat was the first place to be developed as a trade center by East India Company. Following which the company established its main trade centers in Bharuch, Ahmedabad, Agra, Macchlipatnam, Madras, Calcutta, Bengal and Mumbai etc.

By the end of 17th century, the East India Company began, aspiring for the political foot hold in India so that it would facilitate its commercial activities. After Aurangzeb’s death in 1707, Mughal empire started disbanding. The whole nation disintegrated into smaller states. Many of the states became virtually independent. These circumstances led to establishing company’s foothold in the country.

11.What is the importance of Meerut in 1857?
Answer:
The Barrackpur incident was repeated in Meerut too. About 85 soldiers of Indian cavalary refused to use larded cartridges. As a result they were dismissed from the army and were imprisoned, as a reaction to their dismissal, the other soldiers in Meerut, on 10th May 1857, openly confronted the Government by breaking in to the prison and liberating the arrested soldiers. They then marched towards Delhi and took control of armory. The soldiers declared Bahadur Shah – H as the emperor of India, who wrote letters to various rulers of India seeking their support.

12.Why were the Indian rulers angry with the British rule? 
Answer:
Due to British territorial extension policies there was a lot of dispute among land – lords and Jamindars. Lord Wellesley introduced the scheme to bring the India rulers under the British thumb with the plan of Subsidiary Alliance. The Doctrine of Lapse policy of dissolution of state, Lord Dalhousie caused many Indian states to be a part of the British empire.

British took control of many states like Punjab, Sikkim Satara, Jhansi, Nagpur etc. British were disrespectful towards the last Mughal emperors which caused a state of anxiety among ruling families, and British seiged lands from many jamindars and sardars which resulted in unempbyment of many people working there previously.

13.Which classes of Indians joined the Revolt of 1857 to show their resentment against the British rule?
Answer:
Following were the main classes:

1. The peasants whose land were taken away and auctioned.
2. The artisans who became unemployed due to loss of partronage.
3. The common people who feared forcible conversion to Christianity.
4. The soldiers who were refused promotion and equality of pay and status.
5. The princely rulers whose states had been annexed under the Doctrine of Lapse, Subsidiary Alliance and through direct annexation.

14.What led to the failure of freedom struggle of 1857? 
Or
Write any four reasons of failure of the first freedom struggle? 
Answer:
The reasons of failures of the freedom struggle:
The revolt of 1857 did not bring about positive outcome but it proved to be a milestone in gaining the freedom. This revolt did not receive success in full measure because of the following:

1. Lack of unity and organization:
The chief cause of failure of first war of freedom was lack of unity and organized effort. Neither was a proper planning for the revolt nor any concrete programme. This resulted in unorganized and limited attempt.

2. Lack of leadership:
One of the main reasons of failure was, a lack of powerful leadership which was capable of strategizing. Due to the lack of a single capable leadership, this revolt did not succeed in its objective.

3. Traditional and outdated weapons:
Indian soldiers had to use traditional weapons like sword, bow and arrow, spear, barchha unlike the British soldiers who had modern and sophisticated weapons with a big artillery.

4. Unawareness of Bahadurshah II.

5. Lack of communication.

6. Localise revolt.

7. No common language of communication.

15.Describe the political reasons of the revolt of 1857? (MP Board 2009)
Answer:
There was a lot of discontent among landlords and jamindars due to the British territorial extension policies. Lord Wellesely’s introduced a scheme to bring the India rulers under the British thumb. He named this plan the Subsidary Alliance.

The Doctrine of Lapse policy of dissolution of states, Lord Dulhosie caused many Indian states to be dissolve in British empire. British took control of many states like Punjab, Sikkim, Satara, Jaitpur, Sambhalpur, Jhansi Nagpur etc. The British Govt, ended state titles conferred to Nawab’s of Awadh, Tanjore and Karnataka which caused a political distability therein. British were disrespectful towards the last Mughal emperors.

This caused a state of anxiety among ruling families, whichever states’ British took control of, their soldiers, craftsmen and people connected with various other trades were adversely affected. British seized lands from many Jamindars and Sardars which resulted in unemployement of many people working there previously.

16.What was the education policy suggested by Lord Macaulay? How Indian languages, culture and traditions was affected through this policy?
Answer:
The education policy formulated by Lord Macaulay was an attack on Indian culture and education system. Lord Macaulay was prejudiced and was against education in vernacular languages. Macaulay considered English as a superior race and English language as finest language.

He therefore encouraged English language and western and scientific learning, but at that point of time, Lord Macaulay’s aim was to protect the interests of British rule in India by providing English education and prepare a class of people who would help in running of British administration.

Macaulay was such a conceited racist that he recommended a ban on printing and translation of books in oriental languages. The followers of oriental education considered, English education policy as an attack on their culture, traditions and language and protested against it.

17.Describe the main causes of freedon struggle of 1857. 
Answer:
The main causes of freedom struggle of 1857 were:
1. The Political Causes:
The British policy of annexation derived many native rulers of their states. Lord Delhousie’s Doctrine of Lapse resulted in the annexation of many states. He annexed Outh on the pretext of bad government. All this led to widespread discontent.

2. Economic Causes:
Economic policies of the British Government disrupted .the traditional social and economic relationships. Peasants were dispossessed of their lands; native industries and trade was ruined, the artisans were rendered jobless. The new revenue system led to peasant indebtedness.

3. Raligious Causes:
The British Government paid little attention to the religious beliefs and sentiments of the Indian people. Indians began to feel that the British Government wanted to forcibly convert them, to Christianity.

4. Social Causes:
Racial discrimination, prohibition of sati practice, legalising widow – remarrige, banning infanticide, etc. were regarded as an interference in the Indian’s social matters.

5. Military Causes:
There was widespread discontent in the army. Indian soldiers were paid low salaries as compared with the British soldiers of the same rank. Doors of promotion were closed on them. They could not rise above the rank of a Subedar. British officers maltreated them.

18.Trace the places related to the freedom on struggle of 1857 on the map of India. Also write the names of regional leaders associated with it?
Answer:
Following are the main places of the freedom struggle of 1857.

1. Barrackpur – Revolt by Mangal Pandey, an Indian soldier in British Army.
2. Jagdishpur (Ara) – Revolt by Kunwar Singh.
3. Ranchi – Revolt by local landlord.
4. Faizabad – Revolt led by Maulvi Ahmad Ulla.
5. Lucknow – Revolt led by Begum Hazrat Mahal.
6. Shahajahnpur – Revolt let by Maulvi Ahmad Shah.
7. kanpur – Revolt by Nana Saheb Peshwa.
8. Bareilly – Revolt by Barkhat Khan.
9. Meerut – Revolt by Indian soldiers of British Army.
10. Delhi – Revolt by Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar.
11. Jhansi – Revolt under the leadership of Maha rani Laxmibai and Tatya Tope.
12. Gwalior – Maharani Laxmibai and Tantiya Tope went to Gwalior to seek help of Sindhia. When Sindhia refused, they captured Gwalior, which was later on recaptured by Sindhia with the help of the British.

NCERT Quick Revision Notes of Chapter 5 The First Freedom Struggle of 1857(History)

NCERT Solution of Chapter 5 The First Freedom Struggle of 1857(History)

NCERT MCQs of Chapter 5 The First Freedom Struggle of 1857(History)

NCERT Most Important Question & Solutions For Class-10 Ch 8 Map Reading and Depiction ( Geography)| Extra Question

The start of class 10 marks the beginning of the foundation for class 11 and class 12. It is very important study the basics in order to understand each and every chapter properly. In this page, we have provided all the important question for cbse class 10 that could be asked in the examination. Students also need to study the ncert solutions for class 10 in order to gain more knowledge and understanding the lessons. Questions and Answers are way to learn the new things in a proper way. NCERT textbooks downloads for class 10 in pdf are also available for the students if they need more help. By downloading these books, they can study from it. Our experts also prepared revision notes for class 10 so that students should see the details of each and every chapters. Class 10 important questions are the best to revise all the chapters in the best way.

1.What is Naut?
Answer:
Naut is the unit of measurement the speed of wind. 1 Naut = 1.85 km/hour.

2.How many centres of seismology are there in India?
Answer:
22 (Twenty-two).

3.What do you mean by weather signs?
Answer:
The signs or indications that indicate the condition of weather are called weather signs. With the help of figures or symbols in the map the weather of specific time or area is indicated.

4.How is weather information collected for preparing weather map?
Answer:
Weather maps can be studied on the basis of following features:

1. The weather features are indicated on the map through standard signs.
2. For preparing weather maps information is obtained through observatories, pilots of aeroplanes, balloon, ships.
3. Following information is collected in the observatories regarding the weather conditions:
4. Temperature, rains, speed of winds the directions of wind, humidity, duration of sun light, conditions of the sea, previous and present weather condition etc.

5.How are weather conditions defected in weather map?
Answer:
The weather conditions defected in whether map through indicators accepted at the international level. These maps show the weather conditions of any area on earth, e.g., temperature, air pressure, rains, speed and direction of winds, condition of clouds, etc.

6.Describe the importance of weather maps. Where we can use the information of weather forecast which in shown in weather map?
Answer:
Need and importance of the study of weather map:
With the help of weather maps it is possible to know in advance the weather conditions, these forecasts are published in news – papers and broadcasted through ’Akashvani’.

Through these forecasts efforts are made to provide safety and security to the people in times of natural calamities like excessive rains, (and consequently floods etc.) inadequate rains (and draught conditions as a consequence), earthquake, hailstorm, cyclones, snow fall, etc.

The forecasts made on the basis of weather map help in talking suitable safety measures at the time of navigation safe aeroplanes, flights, and drought conditions and their ill effects and properly carrying out the agricultural operations.

7.Where are the weather forecasts most useful which are obtained from weather map?
Answer:
Weather forecast are most useful to the certain places at the time of nature calamities, inadequate rain, earthquake and cyclone etc.

8.What do you mean by wedge? Also, define crest line?
Answer:
Wedge is a triangular high pressure area. The isobars are V – shaped with rounded peak. The peak indicates towards the low pressure area. In the center of the edge, the air pressure is the highest and it goes on diminishing towards the peak and edge. The line joining the highest pressure point and the peak point it called crest line.

9.What do you mean by international climatic indicators?
Answer:
The facts and information received from observatories are indicated in the map with the help of figures, signs and symbols which are accepted internationally. These are called international climate indicators. These were given recognition in the International Meteorological meet (conference) held in Warsa (Italy) in the year 1935.

10.What are the need and importance of the study of, weather map?
Answer:
Need and importance of the study of weather map:

1. With the help of weather maps it is possible to know in advance the weather conditions, these forecasts are published in news papers and broadcasted though ‘Akashvani’. Through these forecasts efforts are made to provide safety and security to the people in times of natural calamities like excessive rains, (and consequently floods etc.), inadequate rains (and draught conditions as a consequence) earthquake, hailstorm, cyclones, snow fall etc.

2.  The forecasts made on the basis of weather map help in taking suitable safety measures at the time of navigation safe aeroplanes, flights, and drought conditions and their ill effects and properly carrying gout the agricultural operations.

11.Explain the variation of air pressure with the help of Indian map and draw the conclusion related to the trends?
Answer:
Variation in air pressure:

In the weather map the air pressure is shown with the help of millibar. This is normally indicated by the difference between two millibars. The higher number shows high air pressure and the lower number shows low air pressure.
Sometimes low pressure is indicated by writing L and high pressure by H. This is read like contour lines. The air always blows towards low pressure area from the high pressure area.

1. Normal distribution of air pressure:
High and low pressure zone.

2. Speed of cyclones:
With the help of the air pressure map, we can explain the conditions of air pressure in the atmosphere. From the map given we see that the air pressure was 2 millibar less than the normal. Only in two zones the pressure was normal. The mountain region of North, Bihar, Andaman and Nicobar and Eastern Myanmar the air pressure was normal.

12.Explain with the help of diagram the main sign of clouds?
Answer:
The shadow in circle is indicated to cloud. In the Indian maps clouds with only low and medium height are shown.The level of clouds is shown by different types of circles. In India only low and medium hight clouds are shown. The percentage of cloud is indicated on the 8th part of the circle.

1.Identify the following wind measuring signs name them and write their speed?

Answer:

(i) Calm; speed 0 to 1 mile
(ii) Stead

2.Identify the cloud condition and described their intensity and level?

Answer:

(i) Low level; 1/8
(ii) High level; 1/8
(iii) Low level; 3/8
(iv) Low level; 2/8 or 1/4
(v) Low level; 7/8
(vi) Low level; full (8/8)
(vii) High level; 4/8 or 1/2
(viii) High level; 5/8
(ix) High level; Sunlight

3.Describe the atmosphere conditions on the basis of following isobar?

13.Explain following points in the given weather map Cyclone and Anti – cyclone, Wedge?

14.Identify the cloud condition and described their intensity and level?

Answer:

(i) Low level; 1/8
(ii) High level; 1/8
(iii) Low level; 3/8
(iv) Low level; 2/8 or 1/4
(v) Low level; 7/8
(vi) Low level; full (8/8)
(vii) High level; 4/8 or 1/2
(viii) High level; 5/8
(ix) High level; Sunlight

15.Identify the following wind measuring signs name them and write their speed?

Answers

(i) Calm; speed 0 to 1 miles
(ii) Steady breeze; speed 8 to 12 miles
(iii) Fresh breeze; speed 19 to 24
(iv) Gale; speed 39 to 46 miles
(v) Storm; speed 64 to 75 miles.

NCERT Solution of Ch 8 Map Reading and Depiction ( Geography)

NCERT MCQs of Ch 8 Map Reading and Depiction ( Geography)