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CHAPTER – 7 Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals to Climate | CLASS 7TH | NCERT SCIENCE IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & MCQS | EDUGROWN

SCIENCE IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & MCQS FOR CLASS 7th

Get Chapter Wise MCQ Questions for Class 7 Science with Answers prepared here according to the latest CBSE syllabus and NCERT curriculum. Students can practice CBSE Class 7 Science MCQs Multiple Choice Questions with Answers to score good marks in the examination.  Students can also visit the most accurate and elaborate NCERT Solutions for Class 7Science. Every question of the textbook has been answered here.

Chapter - 7 Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals to Climate

Question 1.
Which among the following is generally not predicted in a daily weather report?
(a) Temperature
(b) Pressure
(c) Humidity
(d) Rainfall

Answer

Answer: (b) Pressure

Question 2.
Weather changes
(a) week after week
(b) day after day
(c) within a short period
(d) in any of the above time period

Answer

Answer: (d) in any of the above time period

Question 3.
Rainfall is measured by
(a) rain gauge
(b) water level increase in ponds
(c) water level increase in water table
(d) none of these

Answer

Answer: (a) rain gauge

Question 4.
Given below are some adaptive features of animals:
(i) Layer of fat under the skin
(ii) Long, curved and sharp claws
(iii) Slippery body
(iv) Thick white fur
Which of them are the adaptive features of a polar bear?
(a) (i) only
(b) (i) and (ii) only
(c) (i), (ii) and (iii) only
(d) (i), (ii) and (iv) only

Answer

Answer: (d) (i), (ii) and (iv) only

Question 5.
Which of the following statement is incorrect for penguins?
(a) They huddle together
(b) They cannot swim
(c) They have webbed feet
(d) They have streamlined body

Answer

Answer: (b) They cannot swim

Question 6.
Read the following environmental conditions of tropical rain forests:
(i) Hot and humid climate
(ii) Unequal lengths of day and night
(iii) Abundant rain fall
(iv) Abundant light and moisture
Identify the conditions from the above list that are responsible for the presence of large number of plants and animals in tropical rain forests.
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (i) and (iii)
(c) (i), (iii) and (iv)
(d) (ii) and (iv)

Answer

Answer: (c) (i), (iii) and (iv)

Question 7.
The coldest region on earth is the:
(a) polar region
(b) tropical region
(c) temperate region
(d) coastal region

Answer

Answer: (a) polar region

Question 8.
Choose the odd one from the following options:
(a) Thick layer of fat under the skin
(b) White fur
(c) Long grasping tail
(d) Wide and large feet with sharp claws

Answer

Answer: (c) Long grasping tail

Question 9.
Which of the following is not an adaptive feature in polar bear?
(a) White fur
(b) Strong sense of smell
(c) Long curved and sharp claws
(d) Long tail

Answer

Answer: (d) Long tail

Question 10.
Which is the characteristic feature of tropical rainforests?
(a) Hot and humid climate
(b) Enormous number and variety of animals
(c) Competition for food and shelter
(d) All of these

Answer

Answer: (d) All of these

Match the following:

Column AColumn B
(i) Polar bear(a) Trunk and tusks
(ii) Penguins(b) Long, large beak
(iii) Birds(c) Long tail
(iv) Red-eyed frog(d) Silver-white mane
(v) Toucan(e) Sticky pads on its feet
(vi) Lion-tailed macaque(f) Long curved and strong claws
(vii) Elephant(g) Migrate to warmer region
(viii) New world monkey(h) Feet have web
Answer

Answer:

Column AColumn B
(i) Polar bear(f) Long curved and strong claws
(ii) Penguins(h) Feet have web
(iii) Birds(g) Migrate to warmer region
(iv) Red-eyed frog(e) Sticky pads on its feet
(v) Toucan(b) Long, large beak
(vi) Lion-tailed macaque(d) Silver-white mane
(vii) Elephant(a) Trunk and tusks
(viii) New world monkey(c) Long tail

Fill in the blanks:

1. The maximum temperature of the day occurs generally in the ………………….

Answer

Answer: afternoon

2. In winters the temperature of polar regions can be as low as ………………….

Answer

Answer: 37°C

3. …………………. have white fur. It protects them from predators.

Answer

Answer: Polar bears

4. Like polar bears …………………. are also good swimmers.

Answer

Answer: penguins

5. …………………. must remain warm to survive. They migrate to …………………. regions when winter sets in.

Answer

Answer: Birds,warmer

6. Red-eyed frog lives on ………………….

Answer

Answer: trees

7. …………………. possesses a long, large beak.

Answer

Answer: Toucan

8. Elephant uses its …………………. as a nose.

Answer

Answer: trunk

Choose the true and false statements from the following:

1. Weather can vary over very short periods of time.

Answer

Answer: True

2. In Rajasthan typical desert climate is found.

Answer

Answer: True

3. All the changes in the weather are. driven by the moon.

Answer

Answer: False

4. The polar regions are very cold throughout the year.

Answer

Answer: True

5. A layer of fat under skin is an adaptation against extremely hot climate.

Answer

Answer: False

6. Migration is a mean to escape the harsh, cold conditions.

Answer

Answer: True

7. Tusks of the elephant are the modified teeth.

Answer

Answer: True

8. Lion-tailed macaque feeds mainly on fruits.

Answer

Answer: True

Question 1.
During rainy season, what do we use to protect ourselves from rainwater?
Answer:
We use umbrella or raincoat to protect ourselves from rainwater during rainy season.

Question 2.
A fish dies when taken out of water, whereas a wall lizard will die if kept under water. Mention the term used to describe such abilities that allow fish and lizard to survive in their respective habitats. [NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]
Answer:
Adaptation is the term used to describe such ability. Animals are adapted to survive in the conditions in which they live. So, fish dies when taken out of water while wall lizard dies if kept under water.

Question 3.
Which is the most important factor in determining the climate of a place?
Answer:
The major factor which determines the climate of a place is latitude.

Question 4.
Give one example of an animal that can live both in water and on land. [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Those animals that can live both in water and on land are called amphibian, e.g. frog.

Question 5.
There are several elements of weather. The weather report carries the information about which of the elements of weather?
Answer:
Daily weather reports carry information about the temperature, humidity and rainfall during the past 24 hrs.

Question 6.
Who are meteorologists?
Answer:
The scientist who prepares the weather reports are called meteorologist and the science is called meteorology.

Question 7.
Name the primary sources of energy which cause changes in the weather.
Answer:
The sun is the primary source of energy that causes change in the weather.

Question 8.
When sun rays fall on the earth, what does it provide?
Answer:
Sun provides light as well as heat on the earth.

Question 9.
In North-Eastern regions of India, which type of climate is found?
Answer:
In North-Eastern regions, wet climate is found because it receives rain for major part of the year.

Question 10.
Name two countries that show the tropical rainforests.
Answer:
Tropical rainforest is found in India and central America.

Question 11.
Give the name of few animals that can live in the polar region.
Answer:
Penguin, polar bear, whale, seal and musk oxen live in polar region.

Question 12.
Why is it difficult to predict the weather of a place while it is easy to predict its climate? [NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]
Answer:
Weather is a complex phenomenon which can vary over a short period of time and thus it is difficult to predict the weather of a place while it is easier to predict climate as it is the average weather pattern taken for a long time.

Question 13.
‘Beard ape’ is another name for which animal?
Answer:
Lion-tailed macaque is also known as beard ape.

Question 14.
How is fog formed?
Answer:
During winters when the temperature falls after sunset, it causes condensation of water vapours near the ground.
These droplets hanging in the air form fog.

Question 15.
Mention two adaptive features of penguin that help it in swimming. [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Adaptive features of penguin that help it in swimming are as follows

  • It has streamlined body.
  • It has webbed feet.

Question 16.
Some animals have the ability to match their surrounding. Name the property of such animals.
Answer:
This property of animal to blend with its surrounding is called camouflage.

Question 17.
There is a colourful bird that has a long and large beak, and lives in the tropical rainforest. Which bird is this? (HOTS)
Answer:
Toucan is a bird which is colourful with long and large beak, and lives in tropiceal rainforest.

Question 18.
Maximum and minimum temperature is recorded at which time of the day?
Answer:
When the temperature due to the sun’s heat reaches to its maximum level it is called maximum temperature and when it goes down to the lowest level it is called minimum temperature.

Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals to Climate Class 7 Science Extra Questions Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
The polar bear are white in colour. Explain why.
Answer:
Polar bear have white fur. This is an adaptation of polar bear to blend it with the white background of ice or snow. This helps them to protect from their predators and also to catch their prey.

Question 2.
Name two animals each that live in polar regions and tropical rainforests. [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Polar regions Polar bear/penguin/ reindeer/musk oxen. Tropical rainforests Red-eyed frog /elephants lion-tailed macaque/ lion and tiger.

Question 3.
Write the factors which affect the climate of a particular place.
Answer:
The factors that affect the climate of a place are

  • Temperature zone or latitude, i.e. amount of sunshine it receives or distance from equator.
  • Distance from sea.
  • Altitude or height above the sea level.
  • Humidity or the presence of moisture in air.
  • Amount of precipitation received or rainfall.

Question 4.
Some birds migrate from one place to another. What are these birds called? Why do the birds migrate?
Answer:
Migration is the seasonal journey taken by different animals or birds to escape the extreme climatic condition and the search of food, e.g. Siberian cranes migrates towards warmer region in the autumn by travelling several thousands of kilometers.
Some birds are guided by the sun during daytime and by stars during night. Some birds can use the magnetic field of the earth to fnd the direction. Besides birds some fishes, insects and mammals also migrate seasonally in search of more hospitable climates.

Question 5.
Give the difference between weather and climate.
Answer:
Difference between weather and climate

WeatherClimate
It is a day to day condition of atmosphere at a place.It is the average weather pattern taken over a long period of time (say 25 years).
It varies over a very short period of time (like hour to hour).It does not vary in a short period of time.
It cannot affect the adaptation of an organism.Climate affects the adaptions of an organism.

Question 6.
Write two common adaptive features of a polar bear which help in keeping it warm. [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Adaptive features of a polar bear that help in keeping it warm are as follows

  • They have two thick layers of white fur.
  • They have layer of fat under their skin.

Question 7.
Differentiate between
(a) weather and climate
(b) humidity and rainfall
(c) climates of polar region and tropical rainforest
(d) maximum and minimum temperatures of the day [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
(a)

WeatherClimate
It is a day to day condition of atmosphere at a place.It is the average weather pattern taken over a long period of time (say 25 years).
It varies over a very short period of time (like hour to hour).It does not vary in a short period of time.
It cannot affect the adaptation of an organism.Climate affects the adaptions of an organism.

(b) Humidity indicates the wetness of a place due to the presence of moisture in the atmosphere while rainfall is the drop of water that falls from clouds on the ground.
(c) Polar region remains very cold for most part of the year, whereas tropical rainforest is hot and humid.
(d) Maximum and minimum temperatures of the day indicate highest and lowest recorded temperatures respectively.

Question 8.
There are two animals X and Y. The animal X has yellow brown colour while animal Y has yellow brown colour with black stripes
(a) Name the animals X and Y.
(b) What is the other name for these animals?
(c) Where do these animals live?
(d) Wether these animals are carnivore or herbivore? [HOTS]
Answer:
(a) Animal X with yellow brown colour skin is lion and animals Y with yellow brown colour with black strips on skin is tiger.
(b) These animals are also called as big cats.
(c) These animals live in tropical rainforest.
(d) These animals are carnivores.

Question 9.
The sun plays a major role in the change of weather. How can you explain it?
Answer:
All the changes in a weather are caused due to the sun. The sun is a huge sphere of hot gases at a very high temperature. The sun provides light and heat on the earth.
The energy from the sun is a absorbed and reflected by the earth’s surface, oceans, etc. It plays an important role in determining the weather of any place.
When the water vapour rises high in the atmosphere, it causes rain to come down on the earth. Also the hot air develops high pressure and low pressure areas cause windy weather.

Question 10.
Observe the given figure and answer the following.
Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals to Climate Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 7 1
(a) Name the birds shown in figure.
(b) What are these birds doing and why?
(c) These birds live in which region? [HOTS]
Answer:
(a) The bird shown in figure is penguin.
(b) Penguins are huddling together to keep them warm.
(c) These birds are found in polar regions.

Question 11.
The animals living in rainforest adapt themselves to the climate present there. How are they adapted to there climatic conditions?
Answer:
The animals that live in tropical rainforests are herbivorous that are able to eat the vegetation, rich in rainforest.
Most of the tropical rainforest animals walk on the land or are adapted to live on trees. The animals living in rainforest have good eyesight and hearing capacity to catch their prey as well as to protect themselves from predators.

Question 12.
Following are the adaptations of some animals
(a) thick skin
(b) diet of fruits
(c) sticky pads on feet
(d) long and large beak
(e) colourful feather
(f) bulging eyes
(g) strong sense of smell
(h) white fur
(i) strong feets
(j) hibernation during winter

Question 13.
Name the animals which shows these adaptations. (HOTS]
Answer:
Tiger
(a) Thick skin
(g) Strong sense of smell
(i) Strong feet.

Toucan
(b) Diet of fruits
(d) Long and large beaks
(e) Colourful feathers

Red-eyed frog
(c) Sticky pads on feet
(f) Bulging eyes

Polar bear
(h) White fur
(j) Hibernation during winter

Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals to Climate Class 7 Science Extra Questions Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Rohan went to the desert of Rajasthan with his freinds. He saw an animal. It had a hump. Its feet had large soles. He wondered about this animal. He found that these were adaptations of that animal which helped it to survive in very hot and dry climate of the desert. Answer the following questions on the basis of the observations seen by Rohan.
(a) Name the animal Rohan observed in the desert of Rajasthan?
(b) What role does this hump has in this animal?
(c) Why do it has large soles?
(d) Can you give same more adaptations of this animal which help it to survive in desert?
(e) What values do you observe in Rohan? [Value Bated Question]
Answer:
(a) Rohan observed a camel in the desert of Rajasthan.
(b) The hump stores fat which provides camel with food in times of food shortage.
(c) The feets of camel has large soles which help it to walk on soft sond,
(d) Camel can drink a very large quantity of water at a time which is stored in its stomach. It sweats very little which helps it to conserve water. Also it excretes very little water in the form of urine.
(e) Rohan is observant, curious and adventurer. He asks intelligent questions.

Question 2.
Write in detail about the adaptations in different animals living in tropical rainforests.
Answer:
The tropical region lies near both the sides of equator line on the earth. These regions are hot but get plenty of rainfall. Therefore, this region is humid. Even in coldest month, the temperature is generally higher than about 15°C. During hot summers, the temperature may cross 40°C. Days and nights are almosts equal in length throughout the year. Tropical rainforest is the important feature of tropical region. These regions are rich in vegetation and large diversity in animals is also seen in this region.

Adaptations in Red-eyed Frog: The red-eyed frog lives on trees in tropical rainforest. They have sticky pads on their feet that help them to climb trees. It does not live in water and has a green back and a creamy underside. It has big and bulging bright-red eyes and it is a nocturnal. It sleeps during the day and becomes active during night and feeds on the insects present on the tree. The bulging eye of frog protects it from its predator. The sudden opening of big and bright-red eyes frightens the predator for a while and in the meantime the frog gets time to jump to a safe place. The green colour of the frog helps it to hide within the green leaves of the tree and helps it to protect from predators.

Adaptations in Monkey: The monkeys living in tropical rainforests have long tails for grasping branches. Their hands and feet are adapted in such a way that they can easily hold the branches of trees. The eyesight of monkeys is very good which helps them in leaping between the branches to escape from their predators. Monkeys eat fruits, seeds, leaves, root and insects as their food which is present in abundance in tropical rainforest.

Adaptations in Lion-Tailed Macaque: It is also called as beard ape and lives in the rainforest of Western Chats in India. It has silver-white mane which surrounds the head from the cheeks down to its chin which is the specific characteristic of this animal. It is called lion-tailed because its tail is like that of lion having bunch or tuft of hair at the end.

They spend most of their time feeding in the upper canopy of trees (i.e. arboreal animal). It mainly feeds on fruits, seeds, young leaves, stems, flowers and buds. They also can eat insects present under the bark of the tree. Since, it is able to get sufficient food on trees. It rarely comes down on the ground and spends a major part of its life on the tree. It is a good climber with its hand and feet adapted to hold the branches of trees firmly.

Adaptation in Toucan: Toucan is a bird, which is found in tropical rainforest and which possesses a long strong and large beak. This bird is adapted for tropical rainforest in several ways. It is colourful bird which possesses a strange beak. It lives most of the time in the holes of big trees.

The long and large beak helps Toucan to reach the fruits attached to the ends of even thin branches of tree that are weak enough to support its weight. It is an adaptation of this bird to get the unreachable fruits. Its large beak also helps in temporary storage of fruits which is collected by Toucan. These possess feet that are adapted for grasping the branches of trees firmly. Toucan can change the colour of its feather, so as to get mixed up with the surrounding and they are not easily noticed by predators and remain safe.

Adaptations in Lion and Tiger: These are also called as big cats and are carnivore which eat only flesh of other animals. These have following adaptations to survive in tropical rainforest:

  • They have thick skin and skin colour helps them to camouflage (ability of the animal to match their surrounding, e.g. chameleon, butterfly). The yellow brown colour of lion and black stripes of tiger helps them to hide in the forest by blending with the surroundings. It helps these carnivores to catch their prey.
  • They have strong sense of smell which helps them to locate their prey.
  • They also develop sensitive hearing capacity to find its prey.
  • They have eyes in front of their head which enable them to have a correct idea of the location of their prey. They also have good eyesight.
  • Their strong legs help them to run fast and long, sharp and strong claws in front of their legs help them to catch and tear their prey.

Adaptations in Elephant: Elephant is a well-known animal of Indian tropical rainforest. These are plant eaters and are adapted in many remarkable ways to survive in tropical rainforest. These adaptations can be discussed as follows:

  • The elephant has a long trunk which is used as nose and has a strong sense of smell. It also helps elephant to pick up the food. The long trunk is also used for breathing. It can reach up to the branches of trees and help it to eat tree leaves. It is used for sucking water from lakes or rivers (drinking).
  • The elephant possesses tusks (long pointed teeth) that are used in tearing the bark of trees which the elephant loves to eat as food. It also helps elephant to fight their enemies and protecting themselves.
  • The elephant has large ears that help it to hear even very soft sounds and can sense the danger. It also helps the elephant to keep it cool in the hot and humid climate of the tropical forest.
  • The feet of elephant are large and round which help it to provide good stability and also prevent it from sinking into soft ground due to its heavy weight.

Question 3.
In a class, the teacher was explaining a concept from weather and climate chapter. Anand got confused and slowly asked his teacher to repeat again. She smiled and started again. In equatorial belt the climate is hot and wet. It has evergreen rainforest and variety of plants. Similarly the vegetation of tropical region also has variations. The forest located between two tropics is called tropical forest. Desert shows arid region and only xerophytes are observed. These plants show specific modification for their survival in this arid region.
(a) Which type of forest is formed in equatorial region?
(b) What are the variation in vegetation seen in tropical forest?
(c) Give some adaptations of plants that are formed in desert.
(d) Some places conifers are seen. What are these places?
(e) What values do we observe in the teacher and Ar\and? [Value Baaed Question]
Answer:
(a) Evergreen rainforest with the greatest variety of plants are seen in equational region.
(b) In tropical regions, vegetation varies from broad leaves evergreen trees to tropical deciduous trees to grassland.
(c) The plants in the arid of desert regions have modified leaves covered with hair or waxy coating and an extensive root system.
(d) Conifers are maintained and adapted to withstand snow fall and shortage of water in colder belt.
(e) Anand is observant and sincere boy. He is not afraid to ask question in the class.

Question 4.
The following graph shows the change in temperature. Answer according to the reading of graph.
(a) Draw a table and fill the temperature change of each day.
(b) Which day show the highest temperature?
(c) Which day shows the minimum temperature?
Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals to Climate Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 7 2
Answer:
(a) Table showing the reading of temperature from the graph:

DateMaximum temperature
03/11/1426.0°C
04/11/1423.5°C
05/11/1425.0°C
06/11/1422.0°C
07/11/1425.5°C
08/11/1423.3°C
09/11/1424.4°C

(b) The highest temperature is seen on 3rd November, 2014.
(c) The lowest temperature or minimum temperature was seen on 06th November, 2014.

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Rohit0 comments

CHAPTER – 7 Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals to Climate | CLASS 7TH | NCERT SCIENCE IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & MCQS | EDUGROWN

SCIENCE IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & MCQS FOR CLASS 7th

Get Chapter Wise MCQ Questions for Class 7 Science with Answers prepared here according to the latest CBSE syllabus and NCERT curriculum. Students can practice CBSE Class 7 Science MCQs Multiple Choice Questions with Answers to score good marks in the examination.  Students can also visit the most accurate and elaborate NCERT Solutions for Class 7Science. Every question of the textbook has been answered here.

Chapter - 7 Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals to Climate

Question 1.
Which among the following is generally not predicted in a daily weather report?
(a) Temperature
(b) Pressure
(c) Humidity
(d) Rainfall

Answer

Answer: (b) Pressure

Question 2.
Weather changes
(a) week after week
(b) day after day
(c) within a short period
(d) in any of the above time period

Answer

Answer: (d) in any of the above time period

Question 3.
Rainfall is measured by
(a) rain gauge
(b) water level increase in ponds
(c) water level increase in water table
(d) none of these

Answer

Answer: (a) rain gauge

Question 4.
Given below are some adaptive features of animals:
(i) Layer of fat under the skin
(ii) Long, curved and sharp claws
(iii) Slippery body
(iv) Thick white fur
Which of them are the adaptive features of a polar bear?
(a) (i) only
(b) (i) and (ii) only
(c) (i), (ii) and (iii) only
(d) (i), (ii) and (iv) only

Answer

Answer: (d) (i), (ii) and (iv) only

Question 5.
Which of the following statement is incorrect for penguins?
(a) They huddle together
(b) They cannot swim
(c) They have webbed feet
(d) They have streamlined body

Answer

Answer: (b) They cannot swim

Question 6.
Read the following environmental conditions of tropical rain forests:
(i) Hot and humid climate
(ii) Unequal lengths of day and night
(iii) Abundant rain fall
(iv) Abundant light and moisture
Identify the conditions from the above list that are responsible for the presence of large number of plants and animals in tropical rain forests.
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (i) and (iii)
(c) (i), (iii) and (iv)
(d) (ii) and (iv)

Answer

Answer: (c) (i), (iii) and (iv)

Question 7.
The coldest region on earth is the:
(a) polar region
(b) tropical region
(c) temperate region
(d) coastal region

Answer

Answer: (a) polar region

Question 8.
Choose the odd one from the following options:
(a) Thick layer of fat under the skin
(b) White fur
(c) Long grasping tail
(d) Wide and large feet with sharp claws

Answer

Answer: (c) Long grasping tail

Question 9.
Which of the following is not an adaptive feature in polar bear?
(a) White fur
(b) Strong sense of smell
(c) Long curved and sharp claws
(d) Long tail

Answer

Answer: (d) Long tail

Question 10.
Which is the characteristic feature of tropical rainforests?
(a) Hot and humid climate
(b) Enormous number and variety of animals
(c) Competition for food and shelter
(d) All of these

Answer

Answer: (d) All of these

Match the following:

Column AColumn B
(i) Polar bear(a) Trunk and tusks
(ii) Penguins(b) Long, large beak
(iii) Birds(c) Long tail
(iv) Red-eyed frog(d) Silver-white mane
(v) Toucan(e) Sticky pads on its feet
(vi) Lion-tailed macaque(f) Long curved and strong claws
(vii) Elephant(g) Migrate to warmer region
(viii) New world monkey(h) Feet have web
Answer

Answer:

Column AColumn B
(i) Polar bear(f) Long curved and strong claws
(ii) Penguins(h) Feet have web
(iii) Birds(g) Migrate to warmer region
(iv) Red-eyed frog(e) Sticky pads on its feet
(v) Toucan(b) Long, large beak
(vi) Lion-tailed macaque(d) Silver-white mane
(vii) Elephant(a) Trunk and tusks
(viii) New world monkey(c) Long tail

Fill in the blanks:

1. The maximum temperature of the day occurs generally in the ………………….

Answer

Answer: afternoon

2. In winters the temperature of polar regions can be as low as ………………….

Answer

Answer: 37°C

3. …………………. have white fur. It protects them from predators.

Answer

Answer: Polar bears

4. Like polar bears …………………. are also good swimmers.

Answer

Answer: penguins

5. …………………. must remain warm to survive. They migrate to …………………. regions when winter sets in.

Answer

Answer: Birds,warmer

6. Red-eyed frog lives on ………………….

Answer

Answer: trees

7. …………………. possesses a long, large beak.

Answer

Answer: Toucan

8. Elephant uses its …………………. as a nose.

Answer

Answer: trunk

Choose the true and false statements from the following:

1. Weather can vary over very short periods of time.

Answer

Answer: True

2. In Rajasthan typical desert climate is found.

Answer

Answer: True

3. All the changes in the weather are. driven by the moon.

Answer

Answer: False

4. The polar regions are very cold throughout the year.

Answer

Answer: True

5. A layer of fat under skin is an adaptation against extremely hot climate.

Answer

Answer: False

6. Migration is a mean to escape the harsh, cold conditions.

Answer

Answer: True

7. Tusks of the elephant are the modified teeth.

Answer

Answer: True

8. Lion-tailed macaque feeds mainly on fruits.

Answer

Answer: True

Important Questions

Question 1.
During rainy season, what do we use to protect ourselves from rainwater?
Answer:
We use umbrella or raincoat to protect ourselves from rainwater during rainy season.

Question 2.
A fish dies when taken out of water, whereas a wall lizard will die if kept under water. Mention the term used to describe such abilities that allow fish and lizard to survive in their respective habitats. [NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]
Answer:
Adaptation is the term used to describe such ability. Animals are adapted to survive in the conditions in which they live. So, fish dies when taken out of water while wall lizard dies if kept under water.

Question 3.
Which is the most important factor in determining the climate of a place?
Answer:
The major factor which determines the climate of a place is latitude.

Question 4.
Give one example of an animal that can live both in water and on land. [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Those animals that can live both in water and on land are called amphibian, e.g. frog.

Question 5.
There are several elements of weather. The weather report carries the information about which of the elements of weather?
Answer:
Daily weather reports carry information about the temperature, humidity and rainfall during the past 24 hrs.

Question 6.
Who are meteorologists?
Answer:
The scientist who prepares the weather reports are called meteorologist and the science is called meteorology.

Question 7.
Name the primary sources of energy which cause changes in the weather.
Answer:
The sun is the primary source of energy that causes change in the weather.

Question 8.
When sun rays fall on the earth, what does it provide?
Answer:
Sun provides light as well as heat on the earth.

Question 9.
In North-Eastern regions of India, which type of climate is found?
Answer:
In North-Eastern regions, wet climate is found because it receives rain for major part of the year.

Question 10.
Name two countries that show the tropical rainforests.
Answer:
Tropical rainforest is found in India and central America.

Question 11.
Give the name of few animals that can live in the polar region.
Answer:
Penguin, polar bear, whale, seal and musk oxen live in polar region.

Question 12.
Why is it difficult to predict the weather of a place while it is easy to predict its climate? [NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]
Answer:
Weather is a complex phenomenon which can vary over a short period of time and thus it is difficult to predict the weather of a place while it is easier to predict climate as it is the average weather pattern taken for a long time.

Question 13.
‘Beard ape’ is another name for which animal?
Answer:
Lion-tailed macaque is also known as beard ape.

Question 14.
How is fog formed?
Answer:
During winters when the temperature falls after sunset, it causes condensation of water vapours near the ground.
These droplets hanging in the air form fog.

Question 15.
Mention two adaptive features of penguin that help it in swimming. [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Adaptive features of penguin that help it in swimming are as follows

  • It has streamlined body.
  • It has webbed feet.

Question 16.
Some animals have the ability to match their surrounding. Name the property of such animals.
Answer:
This property of animal to blend with its surrounding is called camouflage.

Question 17.
There is a colourful bird that has a long and large beak, and lives in the tropical rainforest. Which bird is this? (HOTS)
Answer:
Toucan is a bird which is colourful with long and large beak, and lives in tropiceal rainforest.

Question 18.
Maximum and minimum temperature is recorded at which time of the day?
Answer:
When the temperature due to the sun’s heat reaches to its maximum level it is called maximum temperature and when it goes down to the lowest level it is called minimum temperature.

Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals to Climate Class 7 Science Extra Questions Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
The polar bear are white in colour. Explain why.
Answer:
Polar bear have white fur. This is an adaptation of polar bear to blend it with the white background of ice or snow. This helps them to protect from their predators and also to catch their prey.

Question 2.
Name two animals each that live in polar regions and tropical rainforests. [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Polar regions Polar bear/penguin/ reindeer/musk oxen. Tropical rainforests Red-eyed frog /elephants lion-tailed macaque/ lion and tiger.

Question 3.
Write the factors which affect the climate of a particular place.
Answer:
The factors that affect the climate of a place are

  • Temperature zone or latitude, i.e. amount of sunshine it receives or distance from equator.
  • Distance from sea.
  • Altitude or height above the sea level.
  • Humidity or the presence of moisture in air.
  • Amount of precipitation received or rainfall.

Question 4.
Some birds migrate from one place to another. What are these birds called? Why do the birds migrate?
Answer:
Migration is the seasonal journey taken by different animals or birds to escape the extreme climatic condition and the search of food, e.g. Siberian cranes migrates towards warmer region in the autumn by travelling several thousands of kilometers.
Some birds are guided by the sun during daytime and by stars during night. Some birds can use the magnetic field of the earth to fnd the direction. Besides birds some fishes, insects and mammals also migrate seasonally in search of more hospitable climates.

Question 5.
Give the difference between weather and climate.
Answer:
Difference between weather and climate

WeatherClimate
It is a day to day condition of atmosphere at a place.It is the average weather pattern taken over a long period of time (say 25 years).
It varies over a very short period of time (like hour to hour).It does not vary in a short period of time.
It cannot affect the adaptation of an organism.Climate affects the adaptions of an organism.

Question 6.
Write two common adaptive features of a polar bear which help in keeping it warm. [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Adaptive features of a polar bear that help in keeping it warm are as follows

  • They have two thick layers of white fur.
  • They have layer of fat under their skin.

Question 7.
Differentiate between
(a) weather and climate
(b) humidity and rainfall
(c) climates of polar region and tropical rainforest
(d) maximum and minimum temperatures of the day [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
(a)

WeatherClimate
It is a day to day condition of atmosphere at a place.It is the average weather pattern taken over a long period of time (say 25 years).
It varies over a very short period of time (like hour to hour).It does not vary in a short period of time.
It cannot affect the adaptation of an organism.Climate affects the adaptions of an organism.

(b) Humidity indicates the wetness of a place due to the presence of moisture in the atmosphere while rainfall is the drop of water that falls from clouds on the ground.
(c) Polar region remains very cold for most part of the year, whereas tropical rainforest is hot and humid.
(d) Maximum and minimum temperatures of the day indicate highest and lowest recorded temperatures respectively.

Question 8.
There are two animals X and Y. The animal X has yellow brown colour while animal Y has yellow brown colour with black stripes
(a) Name the animals X and Y.
(b) What is the other name for these animals?
(c) Where do these animals live?
(d) Wether these animals are carnivore or herbivore? [HOTS]
Answer:
(a) Animal X with yellow brown colour skin is lion and animals Y with yellow brown colour with black strips on skin is tiger.
(b) These animals are also called as big cats.
(c) These animals live in tropical rainforest.
(d) These animals are carnivores.

Question 9.
The sun plays a major role in the change of weather. How can you explain it?
Answer:
All the changes in a weather are caused due to the sun. The sun is a huge sphere of hot gases at a very high temperature. The sun provides light and heat on the earth.
The energy from the sun is a absorbed and reflected by the earth’s surface, oceans, etc. It plays an important role in determining the weather of any place.
When the water vapour rises high in the atmosphere, it causes rain to come down on the earth. Also the hot air develops high pressure and low pressure areas cause windy weather.

Question 10.
Observe the given figure and answer the following.
Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals to Climate Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 7 1
(a) Name the birds shown in figure.
(b) What are these birds doing and why?
(c) These birds live in which region? [HOTS]
Answer:
(a) The bird shown in figure is penguin.
(b) Penguins are huddling together to keep them warm.
(c) These birds are found in polar regions.

Question 11.
The animals living in rainforest adapt themselves to the climate present there. How are they adapted to there climatic conditions?
Answer:
The animals that live in tropical rainforests are herbivorous that are able to eat the vegetation, rich in rainforest.
Most of the tropical rainforest animals walk on the land or are adapted to live on trees. The animals living in rainforest have good eyesight and hearing capacity to catch their prey as well as to protect themselves from predators.

Question 12.
Following are the adaptations of some animals
(a) thick skin
(b) diet of fruits
(c) sticky pads on feet
(d) long and large beak
(e) colourful feather
(f) bulging eyes
(g) strong sense of smell
(h) white fur
(i) strong feets
(j) hibernation during winter

Question 13.
Name the animals which shows these adaptations. (HOTS]
Answer:
Tiger
(a) Thick skin
(g) Strong sense of smell
(i) Strong feet.

Toucan
(b) Diet of fruits
(d) Long and large beaks
(e) Colourful feathers

Red-eyed frog
(c) Sticky pads on feet
(f) Bulging eyes

Polar bear
(h) White fur
(j) Hibernation during winter

Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals to Climate Class 7 Science Extra Questions Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Rohan went to the desert of Rajasthan with his freinds. He saw an animal. It had a hump. Its feet had large soles. He wondered about this animal. He found that these were adaptations of that animal which helped it to survive in very hot and dry climate of the desert. Answer the following questions on the basis of the observations seen by Rohan.
(a) Name the animal Rohan observed in the desert of Rajasthan?
(b) What role does this hump has in this animal?
(c) Why do it has large soles?
(d) Can you give same more adaptations of this animal which help it to survive in desert?
(e) What values do you observe in Rohan? [Value Bated Question]
Answer:
(a) Rohan observed a camel in the desert of Rajasthan.
(b) The hump stores fat which provides camel with food in times of food shortage.
(c) The feets of camel has large soles which help it to walk on soft sond,
(d) Camel can drink a very large quantity of water at a time which is stored in its stomach. It sweats very little which helps it to conserve water. Also it excretes very little water in the form of urine.
(e) Rohan is observant, curious and adventurer. He asks intelligent questions.

Question 2.
Write in detail about the adaptations in different animals living in tropical rainforests.
Answer:
The tropical region lies near both the sides of equator line on the earth. These regions are hot but get plenty of rainfall. Therefore, this region is humid. Even in coldest month, the temperature is generally higher than about 15°C. During hot summers, the temperature may cross 40°C. Days and nights are almosts equal in length throughout the year. Tropical rainforest is the important feature of tropical region. These regions are rich in vegetation and large diversity in animals is also seen in this region.

Adaptations in Red-eyed Frog: The red-eyed frog lives on trees in tropical rainforest. They have sticky pads on their feet that help them to climb trees. It does not live in water and has a green back and a creamy underside. It has big and bulging bright-red eyes and it is a nocturnal. It sleeps during the day and becomes active during night and feeds on the insects present on the tree. The bulging eye of frog protects it from its predator. The sudden opening of big and bright-red eyes frightens the predator for a while and in the meantime the frog gets time to jump to a safe place. The green colour of the frog helps it to hide within the green leaves of the tree and helps it to protect from predators.

Adaptations in Monkey: The monkeys living in tropical rainforests have long tails for grasping branches. Their hands and feet are adapted in such a way that they can easily hold the branches of trees. The eyesight of monkeys is very good which helps them in leaping between the branches to escape from their predators. Monkeys eat fruits, seeds, leaves, root and insects as their food which is present in abundance in tropical rainforest.

Adaptations in Lion-Tailed Macaque: It is also called as beard ape and lives in the rainforest of Western Chats in India. It has silver-white mane which surrounds the head from the cheeks down to its chin which is the specific characteristic of this animal. It is called lion-tailed because its tail is like that of lion having bunch or tuft of hair at the end.

They spend most of their time feeding in the upper canopy of trees (i.e. arboreal animal). It mainly feeds on fruits, seeds, young leaves, stems, flowers and buds. They also can eat insects present under the bark of the tree. Since, it is able to get sufficient food on trees. It rarely comes down on the ground and spends a major part of its life on the tree. It is a good climber with its hand and feet adapted to hold the branches of trees firmly.

Adaptation in Toucan: Toucan is a bird, which is found in tropical rainforest and which possesses a long strong and large beak. This bird is adapted for tropical rainforest in several ways. It is colourful bird which possesses a strange beak. It lives most of the time in the holes of big trees.

The long and large beak helps Toucan to reach the fruits attached to the ends of even thin branches of tree that are weak enough to support its weight. It is an adaptation of this bird to get the unreachable fruits. Its large beak also helps in temporary storage of fruits which is collected by Toucan. These possess feet that are adapted for grasping the branches of trees firmly. Toucan can change the colour of its feather, so as to get mixed up with the surrounding and they are not easily noticed by predators and remain safe.

Adaptations in Lion and Tiger: These are also called as big cats and are carnivore which eat only flesh of other animals. These have following adaptations to survive in tropical rainforest:

  • They have thick skin and skin colour helps them to camouflage (ability of the animal to match their surrounding, e.g. chameleon, butterfly). The yellow brown colour of lion and black stripes of tiger helps them to hide in the forest by blending with the surroundings. It helps these carnivores to catch their prey.
  • They have strong sense of smell which helps them to locate their prey.
  • They also develop sensitive hearing capacity to find its prey.
  • They have eyes in front of their head which enable them to have a correct idea of the location of their prey. They also have good eyesight.
  • Their strong legs help them to run fast and long, sharp and strong claws in front of their legs help them to catch and tear their prey.

Adaptations in Elephant: Elephant is a well-known animal of Indian tropical rainforest. These are plant eaters and are adapted in many remarkable ways to survive in tropical rainforest. These adaptations can be discussed as follows:

  • The elephant has a long trunk which is used as nose and has a strong sense of smell. It also helps elephant to pick up the food. The long trunk is also used for breathing. It can reach up to the branches of trees and help it to eat tree leaves. It is used for sucking water from lakes or rivers (drinking).
  • The elephant possesses tusks (long pointed teeth) that are used in tearing the bark of trees which the elephant loves to eat as food. It also helps elephant to fight their enemies and protecting themselves.
  • The elephant has large ears that help it to hear even very soft sounds and can sense the danger. It also helps the elephant to keep it cool in the hot and humid climate of the tropical forest.
  • The feet of elephant are large and round which help it to provide good stability and also prevent it from sinking into soft ground due to its heavy weight.

Question 3.
In a class, the teacher was explaining a concept from weather and climate chapter. Anand got confused and slowly asked his teacher to repeat again. She smiled and started again. In equatorial belt the climate is hot and wet. It has evergreen rainforest and variety of plants. Similarly the vegetation of tropical region also has variations. The forest located between two tropics is called tropical forest. Desert shows arid region and only xerophytes are observed. These plants show specific modification for their survival in this arid region.
(a) Which type of forest is formed in equatorial region?
(b) What are the variation in vegetation seen in tropical forest?
(c) Give some adaptations of plants that are formed in desert.
(d) Some places conifers are seen. What are these places?
(e) What values do we observe in the teacher and Ar\and? [Value Baaed Question]
Answer:
(a) Evergreen rainforest with the greatest variety of plants are seen in equational region.
(b) In tropical regions, vegetation varies from broad leaves evergreen trees to tropical deciduous trees to grassland.
(c) The plants in the arid of desert regions have modified leaves covered with hair or waxy coating and an extensive root system.
(d) Conifers are maintained and adapted to withstand snow fall and shortage of water in colder belt.
(e) Anand is observant and sincere boy. He is not afraid to ask question in the class.

Question 4.
The following graph shows the change in temperature. Answer according to the reading of graph.
(a) Draw a table and fill the temperature change of each day.
(b) Which day show the highest temperature?
(c) Which day shows the minimum temperature?
Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals to Climate Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 7 2
Answer:
(a) Table showing the reading of temperature from the graph:

DateMaximum temperature
03/11/1426.0°C
04/11/1423.5°C
05/11/1425.0°C
06/11/1422.0°C
07/11/1425.5°C
08/11/1423.3°C
09/11/1424.4°C

(b) The highest temperature is seen on 3rd November, 2014.
(c) The lowest temperature or minimum temperature was seen on 06th November, 2014.

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CHAPTER -6 Physical and Chemical Changes | CLASS 7TH | NCERT SCIENCE IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & MCQS | EDUGROWN

SCIENCE IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & MCQS FOR CLASS 7th

Get Chapter Wise MCQ Questions for Class 7 Science with Answers prepared here according to the latest CBSE syllabus and NCERT curriculum. Students can practice CBSE Class 7 Science MCQs Multiple Choice Questions with Answers to score good marks in the examination.  Students can also visit the most accurate and elaborate NCERT Solutions for Class 7Science. Every question of the textbook has been answered here.

Chapter - 6 Physical and Chemical Changes

MCQs

Question 1.
In which type of change a new substance is formed?
(a) In physical change
(b) In chemical change
(c) In both (a) and (b)
(d) In neither of these

Answer

Answer: (b) In chemical change

Question 2.
Which among the following is a physical change?
(a) Cutting a log of wood in small pieces
(b) Burning of wood
(c) Ripening of fruit
(d) Cooking of food

Answer

Answer: (a) Cutting a log of wood in small pieces

Question 3.
Which of the following is a chemical change?
(a) Bursting of a fire cracker
(b) Germination of seed
(c) Coal formation from buried trees
(d) All of these

Answer

Answer: (d) All of these

Question 4.
Which is a method to prevent rust?
(a) Crystallization
(b) Sedimentation
(c) Galvanisation
(d) None of these

Answer

Answer: (c) Galvanisation

Question 5.
How crystal of pure substances are obtained?
(a) By crystallization
(b) By chromatography
(c) By peptization
(d) By all these methods

Answer

Answer: (a) By crystallization

Question 6.
What is the formula of rust?
(a) Fe2O3
(b) Fe3O4
(c) FeO
(d) None of these

Answer

Answer: (a) Fe2O3

Question 7.
What will happen if carbon dioxide gas is passed through lime water ?
(a) Calcium carbonate is formed
(b) The lime water turns milky
(c) Both of these
(d) None of these

Answer

Answer: (c) Both of these

Question 8.
Iron pillar near the Qutub Minar in Delhi is famous for the following facts. Which of these facts is responsible for its long stability?
(a) It is more than 7 metres high
(b) It weighs about 6000 kg
(c) It was built more than 1600 years ago
(d) It has not rusted after such a long period

Answer

Answer: (d) It has not rusted after such a long period

Question 9.
Galvanisation is a process used to prevent the rusting of which of the following?
(a) Iron
(b) Zinc
(c) Aluminium
(d) Copper

Answer

Answer: (a) Iron

Question 10.
Paheli’s mother made a concentrated sugar syrup by dissolving sugar in hot water. On cooling, crystals of sugar got separated. This indicates a:
(a) physical change that can be reversed
(b) chemical change that can be reversed
(c) physical change that cannot be reversed
(d) chemical change that cannot be reversed

Answer

Answer: (a) physical change that can be reversed

Match the following:

Column AColumn B
(i) Rust(а) Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) 2)
(ii) Vinegar(b) Ferric oxide (Fe2O3)
(iii) Baking soda(c) Copper sulphate (CuSO4)
(iv) Lime water(d) Acetic acid (CH3COOH)
(v) Neela thotha(e) Sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3)
Answer

Answer:

Column AColumn B
(i) Rust(b) Ferric oxide (Fe2O3)
(ii) Vinegar(d) Acetic acid (CH3COOH)
(iii) Baking soda(e) Sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3)
(iv) Lime water(а) Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) 2)
(v) Neela thotha(c) Copper sulphate (CuSO4)

Fill in the blanks:

1. Changes that lead to the formation of new substances are called ………………….

Answer

Answer: chemical changes

2. Melting of candle wax is a change but its burning is a …………………. change.

Answer

Answer: physical, chemical

3. Energy is …………………. in the formation of curd from milk.

Answer

Answer: evolved

4. A brown layer formed when an iron article is left exposed in an open area is called ………………….

Answer

Answer: rust

5. The brown layer deposited on an iron nail dipped in copper sulphate solution is due to ………………….

Answer

Answer: copper metal

6. Large crystals of pure substance are obtained by ………………….

Answer

Answer: crystallisation

Choose the true and false statements from the following:

1. The cooking of rice is a physical change.

Answer

Answer: False

2. When you cut an apple with knife interactions between the apple and the knife take place.

Answer

Answer: True

3. When catechu (kaththa) is applied on lime while making a pan (bettle) a chemical change takes place.

Answer

Answer: True

4. Eruption of volcano is a reversible change.

Answer

Answer: False

5. Formation of clouds is a reversible change.

Answer

Answer: True

6. The salt obtained by evaporation is pure.

Answer

Answer: False

7. Both oxygen and water are essential for rusting.

Answer

Answer: True

8. In chemical changes new substances are produced.

Answer

Answer: True

Question 1.
What kind of change is shown by tearing of paper? [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Tearing of paper is a physical change although, it cannot be reversed.

Question 2.
Melting of wax is a change where a solid changes to liquid state. Give one more such change which you observe in your surroundings. [NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]
Answer:
Melting of ice is also a change where solid changes into liquid state.

Question 3.
Name the gas which turns lime water milky.
Answer:
Carbon dioxide gas (CO2) turns lime water milky.

Question 4.
Give example of a physical change which occurs by the action of heat.
Answer:
Melting of ice to form water is a physical change which occurs by the action of heat.

Question 5.
Write the colour of copper sulphate solution obtained when iron nails are dipped in it?
Answer:
When iron nails are dipped in copper sulphate solution, then the colour of the solution changes to green.

Question 6.
What colour of flame is observed when magnesium ribbon burnt in air.
Answer:
When magnesium is burnt in air then a brilliant white flame is obtained.

Question 7.
How can you say that ripening of a fruit is a chemical change? [HOTS]
Answer:
Ripening of a fruit is a chemical change because after ripening, a new product with different properties is formed.

Question 8.
Is souring of milk a physical change or a chemical change? Why?
Answer:
Souring of milk is a chemical change because original substances present in milk lose their nature and identity and form new chemical substances.

Question 9.
Complete the following reaction
Ca (OH)2 + CO2 → [HOTS]
Answer:
Physical and Chemical Changes Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 6 1

Question 10.
What is the nature of magnesium oxide solution?
Answer:
Magnesium oxide is basic in nature because it turns red litmus solution to blue.

Question 11.
Name the process by which common salt is obtained from sea water.
Answer:
The common salt can be obtained by the evaporation of sea water.

Question 12.
Name the metal which is used for galvanising iron.
Answer:
Zinc metal is used for galvanising iron.

Question 13.
Name the metals which are mixed (alloyed) with iron to make stainless steel.
Answer:
Metals like chromium and nickel are mixed (alloyed) with iron to make stainless steel.

Question 14.
Suggest two methods to prevent rusting.
Answer:
The two methods to prevent rusting are

  • Painting the iron articles.
  • Greasing or oiling the iron articles.

Question 15.
We should eat freshly cut apple. Why?
Answer:
We should eat freshly cut apple because if we leave the apple after cutting, it starts turn to brownish due to the oxidation of the essential nutrients present in it and its food value decreases.

Question 16.
Write word equations for two chemical reactions with the help of materials given in the box.

Air, copper sulphate, iron, vinegar, iron oxide, carbon, dioxide, iron sulphate, copper, lime water, water

Answer:
(i) Iron + air + water → iron oxide
(ii) Copper sulphate + iron → iron sulphate + copper

Physical and Chemical Changes Class 7 Science Extra Questions Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Classify the following processes into physical or chemical changes. [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) Beating of aluminium metal to make aluminium foil
(b) Digestion of food
(c) Cutting of a log of wood into pieces
(d) Burning of crackers
Answer:
Physical changes are beating of aluminium metal to make aluminium foil and cutting of a log of wood into pieces.
Chemical changes are digestion of food and burning of crackers.

Question 2.
Explain the following.
(a) Lime water turns milky on passing carbon dioxide gas through it.
(b) Bubbles are produced when acetic acid is added to a solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate. [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
(a) Carbon dioxide gas produced in the reaction passing through freshly prepared lime water as shown in figure.
Physical and Chemical Changes Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 6 2
Lime water is calcium hydroxide solution. When carbon dioxide gas is passed through lime water, then calcium hydroxide combines with carbon dioxide to form a white solid substance, calcium carbonate which makes lime water milky. This chemical change can be written in the form of word equation as follows:
Physical and Chemical Changes Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 6 3
The reaction between lime water and carbon dioxide gas is a chemical change because a new substance calcium carbonate is formed during this change. The turning of lime water into milky is a standard test of carbon dioxide.
(b) When baking soda (sodium hydrogen carbonate) and vinegar (acetic acid) are mixed together, then a chemical change takes place between sodium hydrogen carbonate and acetic acid to form three new substances.
The change in the test tube is as follows:
Physical and Chemical Changes Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 6 4
Physical and Chemical Changes Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 6 5

Question 3.
Is cloud formation a physical change or chemical change? Explain.
Answer:
Formation of clouds is a physical change. Clouds are formed by the condensation of water vapours present in the atmosphere. When rainwater goes back on the earth, no new product is formed. Therefore, it is a physical change.

Question 4.
Write the differences between physical and chemical changes.
Answer:
Differences between physical and chemical changes are

Physical changeChemical change
No new substance is formed.New substance is formed.
It is a temporary change.It is a permanent change.
Physical change is easily reversible.Chemical change is irreversible.
Very little energy (heat, etc) is absorbed or given out in a physical change.A lot of energy (in the form of heat, light, sound etc) is absorbed or given out in a chemical change.

Question 5.
In addition to the formation of new products, what changes do the chemical changes accompany?
Answer:
In addition to new products, the following may accompany a chemical change:

  • Heat, light or any other radiation (e.g. ultraviolet) may be given off or absorbed.
  • Sound may be produced.
  • A change in smell may take place or a new smell may be given off.
  • A colour change may take place.
  • A gas may be formed.

Question 6.
Magnesium ribbon bums in air and changes to white substance, i.e. magnesium oxide. When magnesium oxide dissolves in water, what type of change take place? Give reason in support of your answer. Express the change in the form of equation. [HOTS]
Answer:
Mixing of ash obtained by the burning of magnesium with water is a chemical change. When magnesium is burnt in air, it forms magnesium oxide in the form of white ash.
Magnesium (Mg)+ Oxygen (O2) → Magnesium oxide (MgO)
When magnesium oxide dissolves in water, it forms a new substance, magnesium hydroxide.
Magnesium oxide (MgO) + Water (H2O) → Magnesium hydroxide Mg(OH)2
So, it is a chemical change.

Question 7.
What is stainless steel? How is stainless steel made? State an important property of stainless steel.
Answer:
Stainless steel is an alloy of iron. When iron is mixed (or alloyed) with carbon, chromium and nickel, then stainless steel is obtained. Stainless steel does not rust at all.

Question 8.
Plants prepare their food by a process called photosynthesis. Can we call photosynthesis is a chemical change? Explain. [HOTS]
Answer:
During photosynthesis, the plants intake carbon dioxide and water in the presence of chlorophyll and sunlight to form two new substances, i.e. glucose (food) and oxygen gas. So, photosynthesis is a chemical change.

Question 9.
The process of digestion is a chemical change. Explain why.
Answer:
In the process of digestion, the various food materials break down to form new substances which can be absorbed by the body. So, the process of digestion is a chemical change.

Question 10.
How ozone layer acts as a protective shield?
Answer:
The ozone layer protects us from the harmful ultraviolet radiations which come from the sun. Ozone absorbs ultraviolet radiations coming from the sun and breaks down to form oxygen.
In this way, ozone layer absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiations.

Question 11.
Which type of change takes place in the following and state whether the energy is evolved or absorbed during the change?
Burning of a candle, lightning of a bulb, preparation of food by green plants, volcanic eruption, evaporation of petrol, burning of LPG.
Answer:

  • Burning of a candle Chemical change as well as physical change and energy evolved.
  • Lightning of a bulb Physical change, energy evolved.
  • Preparation of food by green plants Chemical change, energy absorbed.
  • Volcanic eruption Chemical change, energy evolved.
  • Evaporation of petrol Physical change as no new chemical substance is formed, energy absorbed.
  • Burning of LPG Chemical change because LPG on burning form CO2 and H2O,energy absorbed.

Question 12.
Give twaexamples for each of the following cases:
(a) Physical changes which are reversible.
(b) Physical changes which are not reversible.
(c) Chemical changes iNCERTExxmptar]
Answer:
(a)

  • Folding of paper
  • Melting of ice

(b)

  • Tearing of paper
  • Breaking of glass

(c)

  • Reaction between vinegar and baking soda.
  • Burning of a matchstick.

Question 13.
Explosion of a cracker is a chemical change Explain.
Answer:
When we burn a cracker, it explode Explosion produces heat, light, sound and unpleasant gases that pollute the atmosphere.
Many new products are formed. So, it is a chemical change.

Question 14.
Why cannot a chemical change be normally reversed?
Answer:
In a chemical change, the products are quite different from the reactants. Therefore, a chemical change cannot be normally reversed.

Question 15.
A student took a solution of copper sulphate in a beaker and put a clean iron nail into it and left it for about an hour.
(a) What changes do you expect?
(b) Are these changes chemical in nature?
(c) Write a word equation for the chemical change, if any. (NCERT Examplar]
Answer:
(a)

  • Colour of the solution in the beaker changes from blue to green.
  • A brown coloured deposit is found on the surface of the iron nail.

(b) The changes are chemical in nature as new substances, iron sulphate (green) and copper (brown) are formed.
Physical and Chemical Changes Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 6 6

Question 16.
Describe two changes that are harmful. Explain why you consider them harmful? How can you prevent them?
Answer:
Harmful changes are

  • Rusting of iron.
  • Decaying of fruits.

Rusting of iron is harmful because it slowly destroys iron articles and makes them useless. Since, iron is used in making large number of objects or articles such as bridges, grills, railings, gates and bodies of cars, buses, trucks and ships, etc. Rusting of iron causes a great loss over a period of time.
Prevention Rusting can be prevented by oiling, greasing or painting. It can also be prevented by galvanisation.
Decaying of fruits causes health hazards. Due to decaying of fruits, there is a lot of monetary loss in food industry.
Prevention Fruits can be preserved by keeping them at low temperature and by using some specific preservatives.

Question 17.
What happens when an iron blade of a knife is dipped in a copper sulphate solution? What kind of change takes place? (HOTS]
Answer:
When an iron blade of a knife is dipped in a copper sulphate solution, then iron blade is coated with reddish brown deposits of copper.
And the blue colour of copper sulphate solution changes to light green due to the formation of iron sulphate. So, it is a chemical change.

Physical and Chemical Changes Class 7 Science Extra Questions Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Give an example of a chemical reaction for each of the following situations: [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) A change in colour is observed.
(b) A gas is evolved.
(c) Sound is produced.
Answer:
(a) Chemical reaction between copper sulphate solution and iron metal. In this reaction, blue colour of copper sulphate solution changes to light green colour due to the formation of iron sulphate.
Physical and Chemical Changes Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 6 7

(b) When baking soda and vinegar are mixed together then a chemical change takes place and bubbles of carbon dioxide gas are formed along with some other substances.
Physical and Chemical Changes Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 6 8

(c) Explosion of a firework produces heat, light, sound and unpleasant gases. Explosion of a firework is a chemical change.

Question 2.
Rahul was a student of Class VII. His father purchased a new bicycle for him on his birthday. After few months, he found that the cycle chain and even the handle gets rusted. His father advised him to apply a coating of paint to the cycle and not to keep it in the open in future.
Now, answer the following questions:
(a) Why his cycle gets rusted?
(b) What do you mean by rusting of iron?
(c) What values are shown by Rahul’s father? [Value Based Question]
Answer:
(a) Rahul’s cycle was kept in the open for a longer time. As air contains both oxygen and moisture. Thus, in the presence of oxygen and water, his cycle slowly gets rusted.
Iron(Fe) + Oxygen + Water →Rust (Iron oxide)
(b) If iron objects are left in humid conditions for a longer time, they get covered with reddish brown ferric oxide (Fe2O3) layer. This is called rusting of iron.
(c) Rahul’s father is caring, aware and intelligent.

Question 3.
In the summer holidays, Karan went to Rann of Kutch in Gujarat with his parents. Karan was aware that in the coastal regions of India especially in the Rann of Kutch common salt is obtained from sea water. Karan was very excited to see that place. He requested his father that he want to see the process of obtaining salt from sea. His father helped him and they went to see the place where common salt was collecting.
And he also explained the whole process. Karan was very happy to see the process.
Now, answer the following questions.
(a) How is common salt obtained from sea water?
(b) Name the process by which salt is collected from sea water.
(c) What values are shown by Karan? [Value Baaad Question]
Answer:
(a) Sea water is collected in shallow pits. It is then allowed to evaporate in the sun. As, the water evaporates, the salt solution becomes supersaturated (concentrated). This supersaturated solution cannot hold the excess salt. Thus, it separates out in the form of salt crystals. These salt crystals are collected and are redissolved in water and filtered to remove insoluble impurities. The clear solution is again evaporated to obtain the crystals of pure salt.
(b) Salt is obtained from sea water by the process of evaporation.
(c) The values shown by Karan are curious, aware and intelligence.

Question 4.
When baking soda is mixed with vinegar, bubbles are formed with the evolution of a gas. Name the gas evolved. What happens when this gas is passed through lime water? [HOTS]
Answer:
When baking soda (sodium hydrogen carbonate) and vinegar (acetic acid) are mixed together, then a chemical change takes place between sodium hydrogen carbonate and acetic acid to form three new substances.
The change in the test tube is as follows:

Physical and Chemical Changes Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 6 4
Physical and Chemical Changes Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 6 5
Carbon dioxide gas produced in the reaction passing through freshly prepared lime water as shown in figure.
Physical and Chemical Changes Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 6 2
Lime water is calcium hydroxide solution. When carbon dioxide gas is passed through lime water, then calcium hydroxide combines with carbon dioxide to form a white solid substance, calcium carbonate which makes lime water milky. This chemical change can be written in the form of word equation as follows:
Physical and Chemical Changes Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 6 3
The reaction between lime water and carbon dioxide gas is a chemical change because a new substance calcium carbonate is formed during this change. The turning of lime water into milky is a standard test of carbon dioxide.

When baking soda (NaHC03) reacts with vinegar which contains acitic acid carbon dioxide comes out, which turns lime water milky, therefore it is a chemical change. In all these activities, we saw that in each change, one or more new substances are formed. When magnesium ribbon was burnt, the ash was the new substance formed.

The reaction of copper sulphate with iron produced two new substances, i.e. iron sulphate and copper. Vinegar and baking soda together produced carbon dioxide which turned lime water milky. So, all those changes in which one or more new substances formed, are called chemical changes. These are permanent changes which can usually not be reversed to form the original substance.

Question 5.
If you leave a piece of iron in the open for a few days, it acquires a film of brownish substance, called rust.
(a) Do you think rust is different from iron?
(b) Can you change rust back into iron by some simple method?
(c) Do you think formation of rust on iron is a chemical change?
(d) Give two other examples of a similar type of change. [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
(a) Yes, rust is iron oxide (Fe2O3). Thus, rust and iron are not the same substance.
(b) No, rusting of iron is a chemical change because in this reaction, a new substance, rust (iron oxide) is formed. It cannot be reversed by any method.
(c) Yes, rusting of iron is a chemical change. During the rusting of iron, it combines with the oxygen in the presence of water (moisture) to form a new compound ‘iron oxide’. This iron oxide is a rust.
Physical and Chemical Changes Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 6 9
It is a permanent change which cannot be reversed back.
So, rusting of iron is a chemical change.

(d) Two other examples are

  • Setting of curd from milk.
  • Burning of magnesium ribbon to form magnesium oxide.
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CHAPTER -5 Acids, Bases and Salts | CLASS 7TH | NCERT SCIENCE IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & MCQS | EDUGROWN

SCIENCE IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & MCQS FOR CLASS 7th

Get Chapter Wise MCQ Questions for Class 7 Science with Answers prepared here according to the latest CBSE syllabus and NCERT curriculum. Students can practice CBSE Class 7 Science MCQs Multiple Choice Questions with Answers to score good marks in the examination.  Students can also visit the most accurate and elaborate NCERT Solutions for Class 7Science. Every question of the textbook has been answered here.

Chapter - 5 Acids, Bases and Salts

Question 1.
An oxide is acidic and has a pungent odour. It could be
(a) sulphur dioxide
(b) carbon dioxide
(c) sodium oxide
(d) nitrogen dioxide

Answer

Answer: (d) nitrogen dioxide

Question 2.
Out of these gases which one is used in fire extinguishers
(a) CO2
(b) SO2
(c) NO2
(d) H2S

Answer

Answer: (a) CO2

Question 3.
The correct way of making a solution of acid in water is to
(a) add water to acid
(b) add acid to water
(c) mix acid and water simultaneously
(d) add water to acid in a shallow container

Answer

Answer: (b) add acid to water

Question 4.
Products of a neutralisation reaction are always:
(a) an acid and a base
(b) an acid and a salt
(c) a salt and water
(d) a salt and a base

Answer

Answer: (c) a salt and water

Question 5.
Turmeric is a natural indicator. On adding its paste to acid and base separately, which colours would be observed.
(a) Yellow in both acid and base
(b) Yellow in acid and red in base
(c) Pink in acid and yellow in base
(d) Red in acid and blue in base

Answer

Answer: (b) Yellow in acid and red in base

Question 6.
Phenolphthalein is a synthetic indicator and its colours in acidic and basic solutions, respectively are:
(a) red and blue
(b) blue and red
(c) pink and colourless
(d) colourless and pink

Answer

Answer: (d) colourless and pink

Question 7.
When the soil is too basic, plants do not grow well in it. To improve its quality what must be added to the soil?
(a) Organic matter
(b) Quick lime
(c) Slaked lime
(d) Calamine solution

Answer

Answer: (a) Organic matter

Question 8.
Which of the following set of substances contain acids?
(a) Grapes, lime water
(b) Vinegar, soap
(c) Curd, milk of magnesia
(d) Curd, vinegar

Answer

Answer: (d) Curd, vinegar

Question 9.
On adding phenolphthalein indicator to a colourless solution, no change is observed. What is the nature of this solution?
(a) Basic
(b) Either acidic or basic
(c) Either acidic or neutral
(d) Either basic or neutral

Answer

Answer: (c) Either acidic or neutral

Question 10.
Which of the following is an acid-base indicator?
(a) Vinegar
(b) Lime water
(c) Turmeric
(d) Baking soda

Answer

Answer: (c) Turmeric

Match the following:

Column AColumn B
(a) Vinegar(i) changes red litmus blue
(b) Sodium chloride(ii) is sour to taste
(c) Milk of magnesia(iii) major salt of sea
(d) Potassium nitrate(iv) used in fertilizer industry
Answer

Answer:

Column AColumn B
(a) Vinegar(ii) is sour to taste
(b) Sodium chloride(iii) major salt of sea
(c) Milk of magnesia(i) changes red litmus blue
(d) Potassium nitrate(iv) used in fertilizer industry

Fill in the blanks:

1. A solution of ammonium chloride turns blue litmus ………………..

Answer

Answer: red

2. A solution of sodium acetate turns red ……………….. blue.

Answer

Answer: litmus

3. Ammonium chloride is an example of ………………..

Answer

Answer: acidic salf

4. Acid + Metal → Salt + ………………..

Answer

Answer: Hydrogen

5. An acid and a base react together forming a new compound, known as ………………..

Answer

Answer: salt

6. Tap water is very ……………….. of electricity.

Answer

Answer: poor conductor

7. Corrosion is a ……………….. process.

Answer

Answer: slow

8. All soluble hydroxides are ………………..

Answer

Answer: alkalies

9. Methyl orange is an ………………..

Answer

Answer: indicator

10. ……………….. is used for manufacturing washing soda and baking soda.

Answer

Answer: Sodium chloride

11. Acetic acid is present in ……………….. while ……………….. is present in lemon.

Answer

Answer: vinegar, citric acid

12. Carbon burns in air to form ……………….. It is ……………….. oxide. Its aqueous solution turns ……………….. litmus ………………..

Answer

Answer: carbon dioxide, acidic, blue, red

13. The gas which escapes out from many aerated soft drinks is ………………..

Answer

Answer: carbon dioxide

14. An aqueous solution of sodium oxide changes ……………….. litm us blue.

Answer

Answer: red

15. The chemical formula of lime water is ………………..

Answer

Answer: Ca (OH)2

16. Neutralisation is the reaction between an acid and a ……………….. to form ………………. and ………………..

Answer

Answer: base, salt, water

17. ……………….. reacts with lime water to produce ……………….. which is milky in appearance because it is ……………….. in water.

Answer

Answer: CO2, calcium carbonate, soluble

Choose the true and false statements from the following:

1. Ammonia, dissolved in water, shows acidic properties.

Answer

Answer: False.
Explanation:
Correct Statement – Ammonia dissolved in water shows basic properties.

2. Orange juice turns blue litmus red.

Answer

Answer: True.
Explanation:
Because orange juice acts as acid.

3. Copper does not react with tamarind (imli) water.

Answer

Answer: True.
Explanation:
Due to less reactivity.

4. Alum (phitkari) acts as an antacid.

Answer

Answer: False.

Important Questions

Question 1.
What is the test for acids and bases using litmus paper?
Answer:
Acids turn blue litmus paper red while bases turn red litmus paper blue.

Question 2.
What name is given to those substances which do not change the colour of either red or blue litmus paper?
Answer:
The solutions or substances which do not change the colour of either red or blue litmus paper are neutral.

Question 3.
Write the name of two indicators which occur naturally.
Answer:

  • Turmeric
  • China rose

Question 4.
Name the acid present in lemon juice and tomato.
Answer:
Citric acid in lemon juice and oxalic acid in tomato.

Question 5.
Name a substance which is used to cure the discomfort caused by indigestion due to over eating.
Answer:
Milk of magnesia which contains magnesium hydroxide (base) is used to neutralise the effect of excessive acid in stomach.

Question 6.
Why does a turmeric stain on white shirt is turned to red when it is washed with soap? [HOTS]
Answer:
Turmeric stain on white shirt is turned to red when it is washed with soap because the soap solution is basic in nature.

Question 8.
Is lime water an acidic or basic solution?
Answer:
Lime water (calcium hydroxide) is a basic solution.

Question 9.
Name the reaction when an acid is mixed with base.
Answer:
Neutralisation reaction.

Question 10.
Which acid is injected into our body by an ant sting that causes pain? [HOTS]
Answer:
The acid is formic acid which is injected into the skin of a person when an ant bites.

Question 11.
Name the salt formed when hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide solution (a base).
Answer:
When hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide solution, then sodium chloride salt is formed.

Question 12.
Write two basic substances which we use in our daily life.
Answer:

  • Baking soda
  • Soap or detergent

Question 13.
Name one acid which is responsible for acid rain.
Answer:
Carbonic acid.

Question 14.
Name two gaseous pollutants which are responsible for acid rain.
Answer:
Two gaseous pollutants are nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and sulphur dioxide (SO2).

Question 15.
(a) Name one indicator which turns red on adding an acid.
(b) Name one indicator which turns red on adding a base.
Answer:
(a) Litmus (blue litmus paper)
(b) Turmeric

Question 16.
Form a sentence using the following words: baking soda, ant bite, moist, effect, neutralised, rubbing [NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]
Answer:
The effect of an arft bite can be neutralised by rubbing moist baking soda.

Acids, Bases and Salts Class 7 Science Extra Questions Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Write the characteristics of acids by which we can identify acids.
Answer:
Characteristics of acids are

  • They are sour in taste.
  • They turn blue litmus paper/solution to red.
  • Dilution of acid in water is an exothermic reaction, i.e. heat energy is evolved.

Question 2.
Look at the figure which shows solutions taken in test tubes A, B, C and D. What colour is expected, when a piece of red litmus paper is dropped in each test tube? Nature of the solutions is given in the table for your help.
Acids, Bases and Salts Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 5 1

Test tubeNature of solutionChange in colour of red litmus
ANeutral 
BBasic 
CAcidic 
DNeutral 

[NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Nature of solution is given below:

Test tube

Nature of solutionChange in colour of red litmus
ANeutralNo change
BBasicTurn blue
CAcidicNo change
DNeutralNo change

Question 3.
While playing in a park, a child was stung by a wasp. Some elders suggested applying paste of baking soda and others lemon juice as remedy. Which remedy do you think is appropriate and why? [NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]
Answer:
Wasp sting inject a liquid in the skin which is acidic in nature. Hence, baking soda is the appropriate remedy as it is basic in nature and neutralises the acid.

Question 4.
Which of the following are acidic and which are basic?
Lime water, Vinegar, Toothpaste, Stomach juices, Lemon juice, Baking soda solution, Milk of magnesia, Ammonia solution.
Answer:

Acidic in natureBasic in nature
VinegarLime water
Stomach juicesToothpaste
Lemon juiceBaking soda solution
 Milk of magnesia
 Ammonia solution

Question 5.
A small amount of hydrochloric acid is always produced in the stomach. Is it useful or harmful for us? If excess of acid is produced in the stomach, what should we do?
Answer:
A small amount of hydrochloric acid produced in the stomach is useful as it can kill the harmful bacteria that may enter into the stomach along with the food.
However, if excess of acid is produced, there is a burning sensation in the stomach. We should take milk of magnesia as an antacid medicine to neutralise the excess acid.

Question 6.
Write the effect of China rose petals on acidic and basic solutions.
Answer:
China rose petals when added to warm water, form a light pink coloured solution which may be used as an indicator. This indicator turns acidic solution to magenta (deep pink) and basic solution to green.

Question 7.
To test the presence of an acid in any substance, what methods can be used?
Answer:
Acid can be tested in any substance by the following methods

  • Take a drop of the dilute solution of the substance on the tips of your tongue. If tastes sour, it is acidic.
  • Dip a blue litmus paper in the solution. If the colour of the litmus paper turns red, the solution is acidic.

Question 8.
Why are sodium bicarbonate and lemon juice used during indigestion?
Answer:
Sodium bicarbonate neutralises the acidity in the stomach. Hence, it is used during indigestion. Lemon contains acid. It reacts with undigested food and suffers it.

Question 9.
After carrying out the neutralisation reaction, the test tube immediately found to be somewhat hot. Explain why.
Answer:
In neutralisation reaction, heat is always produced or evolved. The evolved heat raises the temperature of the reaction mixture. Therefore, if we touch the test tube immediately after the neutralisation reaction, it is found to be hot.
Acid + Base → Salt + Water (heat is evolved)

Question 10.
Name three acids used in the laboratory.
Answer:
Acids which are mostly used in laboratory as below

  • Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
  • Sulphuric acid (H2SO4)
  • Nitric acid (HNO3)

Question 11.
Paheli is suffering from indigestion due to acidity. Is it advisable to give her orange juice in this situation and why? |NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]
Answer:
No, because orange juice is acidic in nature. Excess of acid in the stomach causes indigestion. We take an antacid such as milk of magnesia which contains magnesium hydroxide.

Question 12.
Explain two neutralisation reactions related to daily life situations.
Answer:
(i) Ant bite When an ant bite injects the acidic liquid (formic acid) into the skin, the effect of the acid can be neutralised by rubbing moist baking soda (sodium hydrogen carbonate) or calamine solution, which contains zinc carbonate.
(ii) Indigestion Our stomach contains hydrochloric acid. It helps us to digest food but too much of acid in the stomach causes indigestion. Sometimes, indigestion is painful. To relieve indigestion, we take an antacid such as milk of magnesia which contains magnesium hydroxide.
It neutralises the effect of excessive acid.

Question 13.
How lime water is prepared in the laboratory?
Answer:
To prepare lime water, dissolve some lime (chuna) in water in a bottle. Stir the solution and keep it for sometime. Pour a little more from the top. This is lime water.

Question 14.
Name three types of salts. Give one example of each type of salt.
Answer:
Type of salts

  • Neutral salts e.g. sodium chloride (NaCl)
  • Acidic salts e.g. Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl)
  • Basic salts e.g. sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3)

Question 15.
Paheli observed that most of the fish in the pond of her village were gradually dying. She also observed that the wastes of a factory in their village are flowing into the pond which probably caused the fish to die.
(a) Explain why the fish were dying?
(b) If the factory waste is acidic in nature, how can it be neutralised? [NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]
Answer:
(a) If the wastes of a factory flow into waterbodies, it can cause a threat to the lives of sea creatures and to anybody who drink the water. Since, factory wastes may contain acids or bases and it can kill the fish.
(b) If the factory waste is acidic in nature, it can be neutralised by adding basic substances.

Question 16.
What is a salt? Name any salt and give their formulae.
Answer:
A substance formed by the neutralisation of an acid with a base is called salt. Salt may be acidic, basic or neutral in nature.
For example,
Hydrochloric acid (HCI) +
(Acid)
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) →
(Base)
Sodium chloride (NaCI) + Water (Salt)
(Salt)

Question 17.
Look at the given reaction.
Hydrochloric acid + Sodium hydroxide (base) → Sodium chloride (salt) + Water
Sodium chloride formed in this reaction remains in solution form. Can we get solid sodium chloride from this solution? Suggest a method (if any). [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
We can get solid sodium chloride by evaporation method. Evaporation is the process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas or vapour.
Rate of evaporation increases with temperature.

Question 18.
Name three bases used in the laboratory with their formulae.
Answer:
Bases which are mostly used in laboratory as below

  • Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
  • Calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2]
  • Ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH)

Acids, Bases and Salts Class 7 Science Extra Questions Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
A farmer was unhappy because of his low crop yield. He discussed the problem with an agricultural scientist and realised that the soil of his field was either too acidic or too basic. What remedy would you suggest the farmer to neutralise the soil? [HOTS]
Answer:
The reason for low crop yield in farmer’s field was that the soil at a place is either too acidic or too basic. The soil may be acidic or basic naturally. The excessive use of fertilisers in the fields also makes the soil too acidic. When the soil is too acidic, it is treated with base such as quicklime (calcium oxide) or slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) which neutralises the excess acid present in the soil and reduces its acidic nature. If the soil is too basic, then decaying organic matter (called manure or compost) is added it. The decaying organic matter releases acid which neutralises the excess bases present in the soil and reduces its basic nature.

Question 2.
You are provided with three test tubes A, Sand Cas shown in figure with different liquids. What will you observe when you put
(a) a piece of blue litmus paper in each test tube?
(b) a piece of red litmus paper in each test tube?
(c) a few drops of phenolphthalein solution to each test tube?
Acids, Bases and Salts Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 5 2
Answer:

Test tubeEffect on blue litmus paperEffect on red litmus paperEffect on phenolphthalein solution
ATurns redRemains redColourless
BRemains blueTurns bluePink colour
CRemains blueRemains redColourless

Question 3.
Boojho, Paheli and their friend Golu were provided with a test, each containing China rose solution which was pink in colour. Boojho added 2 drops of solution ‘A’ in his test tube and got dark pink colour. Paheli added 2 drops of solution ‘S’to her test tube and got green colour. Golu added 2 drops of solution ‘C but could not get any change in colour. Suggest the possible cause for the variation in their results. [HOTS]
Answer:
China rose (gudhal) is an acid-base indicator.
China rose solution in different medium shows following changes:
China rose + acid → Give dark pink colour, hence A is an acidic solution.
China rose + base → give green colour, hence 6 is a basic solution.
China rose + neutral → No change in colour, hence C is a neutral solution.

Question 4.
Nitesh was playing with his friends in the garden. Suddenly, Nitesh was stung by a honeybee and was in great pain. Immediately, his friends call his mother. She applied baking soda solution on the affected area and then took him to the doctor.
Read the above passage and answer the following questions:
(a) What could be the reason for this burning pain?
(b) Why did his mother applied baking soda solution on the affected area?
(c) What values are shown by Nitesh’s friends? [Value Based Question]
Answer:
(a) The reason for this burning pain is honeybee sting which causes pain and irritation. This is due to the acidic liquid (formic acid) injected into the skin by the honeybee.
(b) The effect of acid can be neutralised by rubbing the affected area by baking soda solution which is a mild base.
(c) Nitesh’s friends are caring , supportive and helpful.

Question 5.
One day Rahul’s mother after taking meal felt pain and irritation in her stomach. His father was out of station. Rahul was an intelligent boy. He remembered his teacher’s statement and gave his mother some baking soda solution Which gave her a relief from pain and irritation of stomach.
Read the above passage and answer the following questions.
(a) Which information given by Rahul’s teacher that helped him to select the baking soda as remedy?
(b) Why he selects baking soda as a cure?
(c) What values are shown by Rahul? [Value Based Question]
Answer:
(a) Rahul knows that our stomach contains hydrochloric acid. It helps us to digest food. But, too much acid in the stomach causes indigestion. Sometimes, indigestion is painful and some mild base should be taken to relief from this pain. So, this information given by his teacher helped him.
(b) He gave her mother baking soda solution which was available in the kitchen easily. He selects baking soda because it is a mild base and neutralises the excess acid in the stomach and it will give relief from pain.
(c) Rahul is very intelligent and caring boy.

Acids, Bases and Salts Class 7 Science Extra Questions Miscellaneous Questions

Multiple Choice Questions
Question 1.
The correct way of making a solution of acid in water is to [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) pdd water to acid
(b) add acid to water
(c) mix acid and water simultaneously
(d) add water to acid in a shallow container
Answer:
(b) add acid to water

Question 2.
Products of a neutralisation reaction are always
(a) an acid and a base
(b) an acid and a salt
(c) a salt and water
(d) a salt and a base
Answer:
(c) a salt and water

Question 3.
Turmeric is a natural indicator. On adding its paste to acid and base separately, which colours would be observed?
(a) Yellow in both acid and base
(b) Yellow in acid and red in base
(c) Pink in acid and yellow in base
(d) Red in acid and blue in base
Answer:
(b) Yellow in acid and red in base

Question 4.
Phenolphthalein is a synthetic indicator and its colours in acidic and basic solutions respectively are [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) red and blue
(b) blue and red
(c) pink and colourless
(d) colourless and pink
Answer:
(d) colourless and pink

Question 5.
When the soil is too basic, plants do not grow well in it. To improve its quality, what must be added to the soil? [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) Organic matter
(b) Quicklime
(c) Slaked lime
(d) Calamine solution
Answer:
(a) Organic matter

Question 6.
Neutralisation reaction is a [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) physical and reversible change
(b) physical change that cannot be reversed
(c) chemical and reversible change
(d) chemical change that cannot be reversed
Answer:
(d) chemical change that cannot be reversed

Question 7.
A solution changes the colour of turmeric indicator from yellow to red. The solution is
(a) basic
(b) acidic
(c) neutral
(d) either neutral or acidic
Answer:
(a) basic

Question 8.
Which of the following sets of substances contains acids?
(a) Grapes, lime water
(b) Vinegar, soap
(c) Curd, milk of magnesia
(d) Curd, vinegar
Answer:
(d) Curd, vinegar

Question 9.
Which of the following is an acid-base indicator? [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) Vinegar
(b) Lime water
(c) Turmeric
(d) Baking soda
Answer:
(c) Turmeric

Fill in the Blanks
1. Lemon juice and vinegar taste ……………… because they contain ……………… . [NCERT Exemplar]
2. Turmeric and litmus are ……………… acid-base indicators.
3. Phenolphthalein gives ……………… colour with lime water.
4. When an acidic solution is mixed with a basic solution, they ……………… each other forming ……………… and water. [NCERT Exemplar]
5. The acidic or basic nature of a substance is tested by using an ……………… .
6. The substances which show different colours in acidic, basic and neutral solutions are called ………………
7. Acid + Base → ……………… + Water
8. When an acid mixed with a base, a ……………… reaction takes place.
9. Acetic acid is present in ……………… while ……………… is present in lemon.
10. Excessive use of chemical fertilisers make the soil ……………… .
11. Hydrochloric acid + Sodium hydroxide → ……………… + Water
12. Acids turn blue litmus ……………… .
Answers:
1. sour, acids
2. natural
3. pink
4. neutralise, salt
5. indicator
6. indicators
7. salt
8. neutralisation
9. vinegar, citric acid
10. acidic
11. Sodium chloride
12. redTrue/False

True/False
1. All substances are either acidic or basic. [NCERT Exemplar]
2. A compound if acidic will turn all indicators red.
3. Lime water turns red litmus blue. [NCERT Exemplar]
4. Common salt dissolved in water turns blue litmus red.
5. Phenolphthalein is a natural indicator.
6. Calamine can be used to treat ant’s sting.
7. Lemon water is basic in nature.
Answers:
1. False, substances can be neutral as well.
2. False, acids do not turn all indicators red.
3. True
4. False, it does not change the colour of litmus at all.
5. False, it is a man-made indicator.
6. True
7. False, it is acidic in nature.

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CHAPTER -4 Heat | CLASS 7TH | NCERT SCIENCE IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & MCQS | EDUGROWN

SCIENCE IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & MCQS FOR CLASS 7th

Get Chapter Wise MCQ Questions for Class 7 Science with Answers prepared here according to the latest CBSE syllabus and NCERT curriculum. Students can practice CBSE Class 7 Science MCQs Multiple Choice Questions with Answers to score good marks in the examination.  Students can also visit the most accurate and elaborate NCERT Solutions for Class 7Science. Every question of the textbook has been answered here.

Chapter - 4 Heat

MCQs 

Question 1.
Which one of the following is a reliable measure?
(a) Hotness
(b) Coldness
(c) Temperature
(d) None of these

Answer

Answer: (c) Temperature

Question 2.
Name the device which is used to measure the hotness or coldness of an object.
(a) Picometer
(b) Barometer
(c) Manometer
(d) Thermometer

Answer

Answer: (d) Thermometer

Question 3.
Which one is filled in the bulb of a thermometer?
(a) Mercury
(b) Lead
(c) Copper
(d) Silver

Answer

 

Question 4.
What is the normal temperature of a healthy person?
(a) 37°C
(b) 37°F
(c) 37 K
(d) None of these

Answer

Answer: (a) 37°C

Question 5.
Heat always flows
(a) from a colder object to a hotter object
(b) from a hotter object to a colder object
(c) in both the directions
(d) heat never flows from one object to other

Answer

Answer: (b) from a hotter object to a colder object

Question 6.
Conduction is the method of transfer of heat in
(a) liquids
(b) solids
(c) gases
(d) vacuum

Answer

Answer: (b) solids

Question 7.
Heat from the sun reaches to us by
(a) radiation
(b) conduction
(c) convection
(d) all of these

Answer

Answer: (a) radiation

Question 8.
A beggar wrapped himself with a few layers of newspaper on a cold winter night. This helped him to keep himself warm because:
(a) friction between the layers of newspaper produces heat.


(b) air trapped between the layers of newspaper is a bad conductor of heat.
(c) newspaper is a conductor of heat.
(d) newspaper is at a higher temperature than the temperature of the surroundiong.

Answer

Answer: (b) air trapped between the layers of newspaper is a bad conductor of heat.

Question 9.
A marble tile would feel cold as compared to a wooden tile on a winter morning, because the marble tile:
(a) is a better conductor of heat than the wooden tile.
(b) is polished while wooden tile is not polished.
(c) reflects more heat than wooden tile.
(d) is a poor conductor of heat than the wooden tile.

Answer

Answer: (a) is a better conductor of heat than the wooden tile.

Question 10.
Paheli and Boojho measured their body temperature. Paheli found her’s to be 98.6°F and Boojho recorded 37°C. Which of the following statement is true?
(a) Paheli has a higher body temperature than Boojho.
(b) Paheli has a lower body temperature than Boojho.
(c) Both have normal body temperature.
(d) Both are suffering from fever.

Answer

Answer: (c) Both have normal body temperature.

Match the following:

Column AColumn B
(i) Conduction(a) Wood, Plastic, Wool, Air, Water
(ii) Convection(b) Day time
(iii) Radiation(c) Solids
(iv) Conductors(d) Night
(v) Insulators(e) Liquids
(vi) Land breeze(f) Metals
(vii) Sea breeze(g) A device to measure the degree of hotness
(viii) Dark coloured surfaces(h) Poor absorbers of heat
(ix) Light coloured surfaces(i) Good absorbers of heat
(x) Thermometer(j) Requires no medium
Answer

Answer:

Column AColumn B
(i) Conduction(c) Solids
(ii) Convection(e) Liquids
(iii) Radiation(j) Requires no medium
(iv) Conductors(f) Metals
(v) Insulators(a) Wood, Plastic, Wool, Air, Water
(vi) Land breeze(d) Night
(vii) Sea breeze(b) Day time
(viii) Dark coloured surfaces(i) Good absorbers of heat
(ix) Light coloured surfaces(h) Poor absorbers of heat
(x) Thermometer(g) A device to measure the degree of hotness

Fill in the blanks:

1. Temperature is the measure of ………………. of an object.

Answer

Answer: hotness

2. The thermometer used to measure human body temperature is called ………………. thermometer.

Answer

Answer: clinical

3. The normal temperature of human body is ………………. °C.

Answer

Answer: 37

4. A ………………. near the bulb of a clinical thermometer prevents mercury level from falling of its own.

Answer

Answer: kink

5. In ………………. generally, the heat is transferred by the process of conduction.

Answer

Answer: solids

6. The water and air are ………………. conductors of heat.

Answer

Answer: poor

7. In coastal areas, cold air flows in the day from sea to land. It is called ……………….

Answer

Answer: sea breeze

8. When we come out in the sun we feel ……………….

Answer

Answer: warm

9. All hot bodies radiate ……………….

Answer

Answer: heat

10. Wool is a ………………. conductor of heat.

Answer

Answer: poor

Question 1.
In a mercury thermometer, the level of mercury rises when its bulb comes in contact with a hot object. What is the reason for this rise in the level of mercury? [HOTSl
Answer:
As the temperature increases, then expansion in mercury takes place which leads to the rise in the level of mercury in thermometer.

Question 2.
Shopkeepers selling ice blocks usually cover them with jute sacks. Explain why. [NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]
Answer:
As we know that jute sacks is thermal insulators, it helps ice not to be melt immediately. So, shopkeepers used to cover ice blocks with jute sacks.

Question 3.
The radiators in cars are painted black. Explain why. [HOTS]
Answer:
Since, the black bodies are better radiators, so due to this reason, radiators in cars are painted black.

Question 4.
To keep her soup warm, Paheli wrapped the container in which it was kept with a woollen clothes. Can she apply the same method to keep a glass of cold drink cool? Give reason for your Answer: [NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]
Answer:
Yes, she can apply the same method to keep a glass of cold drink cool because wool is a thermal insulator, and it cannot allow to heat pass through it.

Question 5.
A laboratory thermometer A is kept 7 cm away on the side of the flame while a similar thermometer B is kept 7 cm above the flame of a candle as shown in figure. Which of the thermometers A or Swill show a greater rise in temperature? Give reason for your answer: [NCERT Exemplar]
Heat Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 4 ve sh Q 5
Answer:
Thermometer B will show a greater rise in temperature because heated air above the candle rises immediatly and increase the temperature of bulb of thermometer B quite greater than A.

Question 6.
While constructing a house in a coastal area, in which direction should the windows preferably face and why?
Answer:
Window should preferably towards the sea beach so that the sea breeze coming from sea keeps the house cool during the day time.

Question 7.
A circular metal loop is heated at point O as shown in figure. [NCERT Exemplar]
Heat Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 4 ve sh Q 7
(a) In which direction, would heat flow in the loop?
(b) In which order, the pins at points P, Q and R fixed with the help of wax fall if points O, P, Q and R are equidistant from each other?
Answer:
(a) Heat will flow in both the directions from O to P and from O to R.
(b) First of all pin at P and R will fall simultaneously after that pin at Q will fall.

Question 8.
The mercury does not fall or rise in a clinical thermometer when taken out of the mouth. Explain why.
Answer:
Because of the kink present in the thermometer, the mercury does not fall or rise.

Question 9.
If a pan is removed from the fire, then why does it cool down?
Answer:
When a pan is removed from the fire, it loses heat to the surroundings by radiation and it cools down.

Question 10.
Name the mode of transfer of heat in which medium is not required.
Answer:
Radiation is the mode of transfer of heat in which medium is not required.

Question 11.
It is preferred to use two thin blankets rather than one thick blanket. Explain the reason. [HOTS]
Answer:
In case of two thin blankets, there is an air gap which does not allow heat pass out from the body and it is not as such as in case of one thick blanket.

Question 12.
Why is it advised not to hold the thermometer by its bulb while reading it?
Answer:
It is advised not to hold the thermometer bulb while reading it as the level of mercury increases from the actual reading by our body temperature.

Question 13.
Briefly mention one application of kink in the clinical thermometer.
Answer:
The clinical thermometer consists of kink which prevents the mercury level from falling on its own.

Question 14.
Explain how do we find out how hot an object really is.
Answer:
By using thermometer, we can measure the degree of hotness of a body.

Question 15.
Is the body temperature of every person 37°C?
Answer:
No, the body temperature of every person is not 37°C. It is an average temperature. It could be slightly higher or slightly lower.

Question 16.
How can we measure the temperature of other object rather than human body?
Answer:
Temperature of other object is measured with laboratory thermometer because clinical thermometer is not suitable for higher temperature.

Question 17.
How does the heat travel in air?
Answer:
Heat travels in air through convection.

Question 18.
We are advised to use an umbrella when you go out in the sun. Comment.
Answer:
We use an umbrella to protect us from heat coming from the sun in the form of radiation.

Question 19.
You may have noticed that a few sharp jerks are given to clinical thermometer before using it. Why is it done so? [NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]
Answer:
Jerks are given to clinical thermometer before using it to settle down the mercury level below normal temperature so that the measurement taken of a body be accurate.

Heat Class 7 Science Extra Questions Short Answer Type

Question 1.
The handle of a pressure cooker is covered with the thick plastic. Explain why.
Answer:
As we know that plastic is a bad conductor of heat due to which the heat from the cooker does not flow to its handle and we can hold it easily.
So, this is a reason because of which the handle of a pressure cooker is covered with the thick plastic.

Question 2.
Differentiate between two modes of transfer of heat, i.e. convection and conduction.
Answer:
Difference between convection and conduction

ConductionConvection
The mode of transfer of heat from the hotter part material to its colder part or from a hot material to a cold material in contact with it without the movement of material as a whole. So, this phenomenon is known as conductionThe mode of transfer of heat from the hotter part of a fluid to its colder parts by the movement of liquid itself. So, this phenomenon is known as convection.
In all the solids, heat is transferred by the process of conductionIn all the liquids and gases, heat is transferred by the process of convection

Question 3.
While reading a clinical thermometer, what precautions should we take?
Answer:
Reading a Clinical Thermometer

There are following steps to read the temperature on a thermometer.
Step I
Firstly, wash the thermometer with an antiseptic solution and if in case, the antiseptic solution is not available, then wash it with a clean water.
Step II
Gently, hold the thermometer tube in your hand and give it a jerk in such a way that the mercury thread in the thermometer tube falls below the reading of 35°C.
Step III
Now, put the bulb of the thermometer under the tongue of the patient for about one minute. Then take out the thermometer from patient’s mouth.
Step IV
In order to read the temperature, hold the thermometer horizontally in your hand and rotate it slowly. When we see a magnified image of the mercury thread in its tube, then a position will come. Now, read the temperature on thermometer tube in level with the top of the mercury thread.

Precautions while Reading the Thermometer

A clinical thermometer should not be used for any object other than the human body. There are some following precautions which are to be observed while reading a clinical thermometer.

  1. Wash the clinical thermometer before and after using preferably with an antiseptic solution.
  2. Be ensure that the mercury level before using the clinical thermometer should be below 35°C.
  3. The clinical thermometer should be read by keeping the level of mercury along the line of sight.
  4. While reading the clinical thermometer, it should never be held by the bulb.
  5. The clinical thermometer should be carefully handled.

Question 4.
Observe the picture given in figure. Water is being boiled in a pan of wide base.
Heat Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 4 sh Q 4
(a) Which position P or T will feel warmer?
(b) Fill up the boxes P and T to indicate the mode of flow of heat to the hand.
Answer:
(a) As in the given diagram, position P will feel warmer because of heat, air rises.
(b) The flow of heat to P is a convection process and flow of heat to T is radiation.

Question 5.
For setting curd, a small amount of curd is added to warm milk. The microbes present in the curd help in setting if the temperature of the mixture remains approximately between 35°C to 40°C. At places where room temperature remains much below the range, setting of curd becomes difficult. Suggest a way to set curd in such a situation.[NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]
Answer:
For the setting of curd where temperature is below room temperature, the container in which curd is to be made must be kept in a thermally insulated cover or it can be wrapped with wool or jute sacks so that temperature is maintained for the setting of curd.

Question 6.
State the limitation of clinical thermometer.
Answer:
The clinical thermometer cannot be used for measuring the temperature of any object more than 42°C (i.e. more than the body temperature). If it kept in the sun or near a flame, then this clinical thermometer can be break.

Question 7.
Explain in brief, why we wear dark coloured clothes in winter and light coloured clothes in summer.
Answer:
We wear dark coloured clothes in winter to keep us warm as they absorb all the heat radiation coming from the sun whereas light coloured clothes reflect most of the heat radiation coming from the sun that falls on them and therefore we feel more comfortable wearing them in the summer.

Question 8.
Explain the reason for the shiny reflectors of room heaters.
Answer:
Since, the shiny surface absorbs very little heat due to which the reflectors reflect all the heat which makes the room heaters more effective. So, due to this reason, room heaters have shiny reflectors.

Question 9.
Describe the effects of heat.
Answer:
The effects of heat are
(i) When an object is heated, then it becomes hotter and may get expand. So, in this heat may change the state of the body like ice can also get change into the water.
(ii) Heat sometimes acts as a catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
(iii) Heat can even kill the bacteria as well.

Question 10.
The freezer is located at the top of the refrigerator. Explain why.
Answer:
The freezer is located at the top of the refrigerator. It is because the air inside and around the compartments of freezer gets cool and move downwards and on the other side, the lesser cool air moves upward to get cooled.
So, as a result of this, convection of heat are setup in the air and the tower section of the . refrigerator also gets cooled faster. .

Question 11.
Instead of water explain the reason, why do the mercury is used in the thermometer?
Answer:
Due to following reasons, mercury is used in the thermometers instead of water

  1. When the thermometer breaks, the mercury can be easily collected.
  2. Mercury can has more expansion than the water.
  3. Also, mercury do not stick on the walls of thermometer like water.

Question 12.
Explain the reason for the general fitting of air conditioner at higher level on the wall of the room.
Answer:
As a fact that warm air is much lighter than the cold air, so being heavier the cold air from air conditioner moves downwards while the hot air moves upwards at the lower level and gets cooled and come downwards once again. So, due to this convection of heat are set in the air and room gets warmer faster.

Question 13.
Briefly explain, why do the kites and eagles fly without flapping their wings.
Answer:
As it is a fact that the hot air during the day time surrounds the land gradually and rises up, due to which a convection air of heat develops. So, kites and eagles start moving along this rising current of heat without flapping the wings to fly high up in the sky.

Question 14.
In the arrangements A and B as shown in figure, pins P and Q are fixed to a metal loop and an iron rod with the help of wax. In which case are both the pins likely to fall at different times? Explain.
Heat Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 4 sh Q 14
Answer:
As in the given figures A and B, in case A P and Q got equal heat, so pin fix at P and Q in case of a fall simultaneously.
But in case of B pin at point P falls first than after pin at Q will fall as because heat received at P is greater than Q at the same time.

Question 15.
At a camp site there are tents of two shades. One made with black fabric and the other with white fabric. Which one will you prefer for resting on a hot summer afternoon? Give reason for your choice. Would you like to prefer the same tent during winter? [HOTS]
Answer:
We will prefer white fabric tent in case of summer because it reflects all the radiations from the sun and keeps us cool inside the tent.
But in ease of winter, we should not use white fabric tent, we should use black fabric tent as it absorbs all colours of light from the sun and keeps us warm inside the tent.

Question 16.
Briefly explain the maximum and minimum thermometers.
Answer:
Maximum and minimum thermometers are the special thermometers which automatically record the maximum and minimum temperature of the day. The maximum and minimum temperature of the last day reported in weather reports in TV and newspapers are measured by the maximum and minimum thermometers.

Question 17.
Explain the reason for serving of tea in China clay cup and plates.
Answer:
Tea is generally served in China clay cup and plates because China clay is a bad conductor of heat which do not allow the heat to pass through it and hence keep the tea hot.

Question 18.
Describe briefly about the direction of the convection current during ventilation.
Answer:
Since, with the help of ventilators, warm air being higher get rises up and leaves the room. Even the fresh air enters the room from outside through the doors and windows.

Question 19.
Explain the reason for wrapping of ice in gunny bags.
Answer:
Since, we know that gunny bags consist of number of fine pores which are filled with air. As air is a bad conductor of heat, so due to this reason, it does not allow the external heat to move inside and melts the ice.

Question 20.
Mention any two examples each of insulators as well as of conductors.
Answer:
Copper and aluminium are the examples of conductors which allow the heat to pass through them. While wood and plastic are the examples of insulators which do not allow the heat to pass through them.

Question 21.
The clinical thermometer is not used to measure high temperature. Why?
Answer:
Clinical thermometer has the range 35°C to 42°C. If we use it to measure high temperature, it may break and mercury present in the clinical thermometer is harmful. So, we cannot use clinical thermometer to measure high temperature.

Heat Class 7 Science Extra Questions Long Answer Type

Question 1.
Explain the differences between heat and temperature.
Answer:
The differences between heat and temperature are given as below

HeatTemperature
It is a form of energy which flows from one body to another when there is a difference in temperature between the objects.It is the thermal condition of a body that indicates whether or not and in which direction, heat will flow from one body to the other.
It is equal to the sum of internal energies of the molecules of a body.It is proportional to average kinetic energy of the molecules of the body.
As a heat between two bodies, total amount of heat of two bodies remains unchanged.As a conclusion of exchange of heat between two bodies, sum of their temperatures before and after exchange is not same.
SI unit of heat is joule (J).SI unit of temperature is kelvin (K).

Question 2.
Explain the reason for the following statement, “When heat is applied at the bottom of the water vessel, then
it gets heated more quickly than when it is heated at the top.” [HOTS]
Answer:
The particles of water become more lighter and rise up in the middle. Due to this, the cold particles of water which are heavier come down along the sides of the vessel. So, the convection currents of heat are setup and water becomes hot. The moment, when the heat is applied at the top, then the water present in the upper portion becomes hot and these hot water molecules get fixed over the surface. Since, water is a bad conductor of heat, due to which water present at the lower end (or bottom) of the vessel remains.

Question 3.
Prove with the help of an experiment that heat radiation can travel through vacuum.
Answer:
First of all, take a flat bottom flask and fix a rubber stopper having two holes in the mouth of the flask. Shift a thermometer through one hole and a glass tube with stopper through the other hole. Now, with the help of a vacuum pump, remove the air from the flask and try to record the temperature from the thermometer. Put a flask in the bright sunlight and we will observe that the thermometer records a rise in temperature. So, on this basis, we can say that this experiment proves that the heat radiation can travel through vacuum.

Question 4.
On last Monday, Pankaj was dealing immense cough and cold. Besides this, he was suffering from a great headache. So, he decided to take a leave on that day so that he could take some rest at his home. After one hour he thought to check his fever through a clinical thermometer, so before using it, he washed it and started shaking it very fastly in his hand, so that the mercury level of thermometer gets reduced. At the same time, his elder brother Vishwas scold him and suggested him to shake the thermometer slowly.
(a) State some precautionary measures while checking the fever through a clinical thermometer.
(b) Mention the values showed by the elder brother of Pankaj (i.e. Vishwas). [Value Based Question]
Answer:
(a) The following precautionary measures while checking the fever through a clinical thermometer are
(i) While reading the clinical thermometer, it should never be held by the bulb.
(ii) The clinical thermometer should be washed properly (before and after use).
(b) The values showed by the elder brother of Pankaj, Vishwas, are concern towards the way of using the clinical thermometer and the importance of money as well.

Question 5.
Last Sunday, Pooja on her week off entered in her kitchen to cook rice for her family in lunch time. The moment she put fry pan on the gas stove and lighted it through the matchstick, all of sudden her 5 years small daughter entered into the kitchen and tends to touch the hot fry pan. At the same time, Pooja saw her and pushed her away from the hot fry pan. In this way, she saved her child.
(a) Explain why do the fry pan are provided with the plastic handles?
(b) Mention the values represented by Pooja here towards her 5 years small daughter. [Value Based Question]
Answer:
(a) As we know that plastic is a bad conductor of heat which does not allow the heat to pass through itself. So, heat from the fry pan does not flow to the handle due to which we can hold it easily. So that’s why, the fry pans are provided with the plastic handles.
(b) The value showed by Pooja here is a great concern and careness towards her five years old small daughter.

Question 6.
Describe in detail about the occurrence of oceanic currents.
Answer:
Since, it is a fact that the water present in the ocean (near the equator) is heated by the sun to a very higher temperature than the water near the poles of the earth. It is due to the falling of the sun rays perpendicularly in the equatorial region. So, in the equatorial region, the ocean water expands and becomes lighter.

While on the other side, the water in the polar region remains cold and heavy. It leads to the flow of convection currents of heat of warm water from the equator towards the poles.

Heat of the cold water flow from the poles towards the equator just below the surface of ocean. So, these types of currents are known as oceanic currents.

Heat Class 7 Science Extra Questions Miscellaneous

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1.
A marble tile would feel cold as compared to a wooden tile on a winter morning because the marble tile
(a) is a better conductor of heat than the wooden tile
(b) is polished while wooden tile is not polished
(c) reflects more heat than wooden tile
(d) is a poor conductor of heat than the wooden tile
Answer:
(a) is a better conductor of heat than the wooden tile

Question 2.
A beggar wrapped himself with a few layers of newspaper on a cold winter night. This helped him to keep himself warm because [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) friction between the layers of newspaper produces heat
(b) air trapped between the layers of newspaper is a bad conductor of heat
(c) newspaper is a conductor of heat
(d) newspaper is at a higher temperature than the temperature of the surroundings
Answer:
(b) air trapped between the layers of newspaper is a bad conductor of heat

Question 3.
Heat always flows
(a) from a colder object to a hotter object
(b) from a hotter object to a colder object
(c) in both the directions
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(b) from a hotter object to a colder object

Question 4.
Paheli and Boojho measured their body temperature. Paheli found her to be 98.6°F and Boojho recorded 37°C. Which of the following statements is true?
(a) Paheli has a higher body temperature than Boojho.
(b) Paheli has a lower body temperature than Boojho.
(c) Both have normal body temperature.
(d) Both are suffering from fever.
Answer:
(c) These two temperatures are different scales but their actual values are equal.

Question 5.
Boojho has three thermometers as shown in figure. He wants to measure the temperature of his body and that of boiling water. Which thermometer(s) should he choose? [NCERT Exemplar]
Heat Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 4 mu Q 5
(a) Thermometers (i) and (iii) for measuring body temperature and (ii) for measuring the temperature of boiling water
(b) Thermometer (i) for measuring temperature of both
(c) Thermometer (ii) for measuring temperature of both
(d) Thermometer (iii) for measuring temperature of both
Answer:
(a) Thermometers (i) and (iii) are clinical thermometer and (ii) is laboratory thermometer.

Question 6.
Four arrangements to measure temperature of ice in beaker with laboratory thermometer are shown in figure (a, b, c, d). Which one of them shows the correct arrangement for accurate measurement of temperature?
Heat Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 4 mu Q 6
Answer:
(a) Thermometer (a) has been put in correct way to measure the temperature.

Question 7.

Figure (a, b, c, d) shows the reading of four different thermometers. Indicate which of the reading shows the normal human body temperature?
Heat Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 4 1
Answer:
(c) As we know that normal body temperature is 37°C. So, correct option is (c). .

Question 8.
Figure (a, b, c, d) shows a student reading of a doctor’s thermometer. Which of the figure indicates the correct method of reading temperature? [NCERT Exemplar]
Heat Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 4 2
Answer:
(a) In first case, eyes of student are in level of the thermometer, so it is correct way to measure temperature using clinical thermometer.

Fill in the Blanks

Question 1.
Temperature is the measure of …….. of an object.
Answer:
Fill in the Blanks
hotness

Question 2.
The thermometer used to measure human body temperature is called …….. thermometer.
Answer:
clinical

Question 3.
The normal temperature of human body is …….. °C.
Answer:
37

Question 4.
A …… near the bulb of a clinical thermometer prevents mercury level from falling of its own.
Answer:
kink

Question 5.
In ……. generally, the heat is transferred by the process of conduction.
Answer:
solids

Question 6.
The water and air are …… conductors of heat.
Answer:
poor

Question 7.
In coastal areas, cold air flows in the day from sea to land. It is called …….
Answer:
sea breeze

Question 8.
When we come out in the sun, we feel ……..
Answer:
warm

Question 9.
All hot bodies radiate ……..
Answer:
heat

Question 10.
Wool is a ……. conductor of heat.
Answer:
poor

True/False

Question 1.
Our sense of touch about hotness or coldness is not always reliable.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
Normal temperature of human body is 98.6°C.
Answer:
False, it is because the normal temperature of human body is 37°C.

Question 3.
In all cases, heat flows from a hotter object to a colder object.
Answer:
True

Question 4.
Water at higher temperature feels more hot.
Answer:
True

Question 5.
Marking on clinical thermometer is from 0°C to 100°C.
Answer:
False, it is because the markings on the clinical thermometer is from 35°C to 100°C.

Question 6.
Shining thread in thermometer is the column of mercury.
Answer:
True

Question 7.
The materials which allow heat to pass through them easily are called conductors.
Answer:
True

Question 8.
Water and air are good conductors of heat.
Answer:
False, it is because water and air are the poor conductors of heat.

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CHAPTER -3 Fibre to Fabric | CLASS 7TH |NCERT SCIENCE IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & MCQS | EDUGROWN

SCIENCE IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & MCQS FOR CLASS 7th

Get Chapter Wise MCQ Questions for Class 7 Science with Answers prepared here according to the latest CBSE syllabus and NCERT curriculum. Students can practice CBSE Class 7 Science MCQs Multiple Choice Questions with Answers to score good marks in the examination.  Students can also visit the most accurate and elaborate NCERT Solutions for Class 7Science. Every question of the textbook has been answered here.

Chapter - 3 Fibre to Fabric

MCQs

Question 1.
Which one of the following is not a breed of sheep?
(a) Murrah
(b) Marwari
(c) Lohi
(d) Nali

Answer

Answer: (a) Murrah

Question 2.
What is the scientific name of mulberry tree?
(a) Magnifera indica
(b) Morus alba
(c) Desmodium girence
(d) None of these

Answer

Answer: (b) Morus alba

Question 3.
Silk is derived from
(a) cocoon
(b) pupa
(c) egg
(d) moth

Answer

Answer: (a) cocoon

Question 4.
Selective breeding is a process of
(a) selecting the offspring with desired properties.
(b) selecting the parents with desired properties.
(c) selecting an area for breeding.
(d) selecting fine hair for good quality wool.

Answer

Answer: (b) selecting the parents with desired properties.

Question 5.
The general process that takes place at a sheep shearing shed is:
(a) removal of fleece.
(b) separating hair of different textures.
(c) washing of sheep fibre to remove grease.
(d) rolling of sheep fibre into yam.

Answer

Answer: (a) removal of fleece.

Question 6.
The rearing of silkworms for obtaining silk is called:
(a) cocoon
(b) silk
(c) sericulture
(d) silviculture

Answer

 

Question 7.
Which of the following is not a type of silk?
(a) Mulberry silk
(b) Tassar silk
(c) Mooga silk
(d) Moth silk

Answer

Answer: (d) Moth silk

Question 8.
Paheli wanted to buy a gift made of animal fibre obtained without killing the animal. Which of the following would be the right gift for her to buy?
(a) Woollen shawl
(b) Silk scarf
(c) Animal fur cap
(d) Leather jacket

Answer

Answer: (a) Woollen shawl

Question 9.
Silk fibre is obtained from:
(a) fleece of sheep
(b) cotton ball
(c) cocoon
(d) shiny jute stalk

Answer

Answer: (c) cocoon

Question 10.
Wool fibre cannot be obtained from which of the following?
(a) Goat
(b) Llama
(c) Alpaca
(d) Moth

Answer

Answer: (d) Moth

Match the following:

Column AColumn B
(i) Selective breeding(a) Separating different textures
(ii) Shearing(b) Washing of hair removed from sheep
(iii) Scouring(c) Removing fleece from sheep
(iv) Reeling(d) Process of taking out threads from cocoon
(v) Sorting(e) Selecting parents for obtaining special characters in their offspring
Answer

Answer:

Column AColumn B
(i) Selective breeding(e) Selecting parents for obtaining special characters in their offspring
(ii) Shearing(c) Removing fleece from sheep
(iii) Scouring(b) Washing of hair removed from sheep
(iv) Reeling(d) Process of taking out threads from cocoon
(v) Sorting(a) Separating different textures

Fill in the blanks:

1. A pile of ……………… is used for obtaining silk fibres.

Answer

Answer: cocoon

2. In India mostly ……………… are reared for getting wool.

Answer

Answer: sheep

3. Silk fibres are made of a ………………

Answer

Answer: protein

4. Silkworms are the ……………… of silk moth.

Answer

Answer: caterpillar

5. The hair of sheep are termed as ………………

Answer

Answer: fleece

6. Silk and ……………… are animal fibres.

Answer

Answer: wool

7. ……………… is a very old occupation in India.

Answer

Answer: Sericulture

8. ……………… and ……………… fibres are obtained from animals.

Answer

Answer: Silk, wool

9. Wool yielding animals bear ……………… on their body.

Answer

Answer: hair

10. Hair trap a lot of ………………, which is a poor ……………… of heat.

Answer

Answer: air, conductor

Choose the true and false statements from the following:

1. Wool and silk are the animal fibres.

Answer

Answer: True

2. Silk is obtained from the fleece of sheep.

Answer

Answer: False

3. Pashmina shawls woven from the wool obtained from the under fur of Kashmiri goats.

Answer

Answer: True

4. Silk moths spin the silk fibres.

Answer

Answer: False

5. Silk fibre is chemically a protein.

Answer

Answer: True

6. The most common silk moth is the mulberry silk moth.

Answer

Answer: True

7. For reeling of silk, cocoon are boiled.

Answer

Answer: True

Question 1.
Name the sources of obtaining fibres.
Answer:
The sources of obtaining fibres are plants and animals.

Question 2.
Name some wool yielding animals.
Answer:
Wool yielding animals are sheep, yak, llama, alpaca, angora goat, angora rabbit and camel.

Question 3.
in which part of India, yak wool is common?
Answer:
Yak wool is common in the hilly regions of Ladakh.

Question 4.
Rampur bushair and Bakharwal are the breeds of which animal-sheep or goat?
Answer:
Rampur bushair and Bakharwal are the breeds of sheep.

Question 5.
How do the hair of certain animals help in keeping their bodies warm? [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Hair traps a lot of air which is a poor conductor of heat resulting their body warm.

Question 6.
Write the name of the animal from which wool for pashmina shawls is obtained.
Answer:
Kashmiri goats.

Question 7.
Name the goats which are found in Tibet and Ladakh.
Answer:
In Tibet and Ladakh, angora goats are found.

Question 8.
wool is obtained from which body part of sheep?
Answer:
Wool is obtained from the fleece or hair of sheep.

Question 9.
Name the natural fibre obtained from insects.
Answer:
Silk.

Question 10.
In which part, the wool yielding animals liama and alpaca are found?
Answer:
Liama and alpaca are found in South America.

Question 11.
For what purpose, rearing of sheep is done?
Answer:
The main aim to rear the sheep is to obtain wool.

Question 12.
What term is used for the following process? Washing of sheep’s fleece to remove dust, dirt, dried sweat and grease.
Answer:
Scouring.

Question 13.
Out of scouring or shearing, which process comes first in the production of wool from sheep?
Answer:
The first step is shearing then scouring.

Question 14.
To which class, animal fibre or plant fibre, artificial silk belongs to?
Answer:
Artificial silk is a plant fibre.

Question 15.
Two fibres are made up of proteins. Name them.
Answer:
Silk and wool are two fibres which are made up of proteins.

Question 16.
Name the process of taking out silk fibres from the cocoon for use as silk.
Answer:
The process of taking out threads from the cocoons for use as silk is called reeling the silk.

Question 17.
Name the stage next to caterpillar in the life cycle of silk moth.
Answer:
The stage next to caterpillar in the life cycle of silk moth is called pupa.

Question 18.
which stage in the life cycle of silk moth is called cocoon?
Answer:
The covering of silk fibres inside which the caterpillar covers itself is called cocoon.

Question 19.
Write the maximum length of continuous silk thread that can be obtained from a cocoon.
Answer:
The maximum length of continuous silk thread that can be obtained from a cocoon is more than that of 1000 feet (1000 to 1500 feet) continuous in length.

Question 20.
Define the term ‘selective breeding’.
Answer:
The process of breeding of selective parents for obtaining special characters in their offspring such as soft under hair in sheep, is termed as selective breeding.

Question 21.
Silk fibre belongs to which class of organic substance?
Answer:
Protein.

Question 22.
In the life history of silk moth as
Egg ➝ Larva (or caterpillar) ➝ Pupa ➝ Silk moth which actually makes the silk fibre? [HOTS]
Answer:
The larva (or caterpillar) of a silk moth makes the silk fibre.

Fibre to Fabric Class 7 Science Extra Questions Short Answer Type

Question 1.
Sheep are herbivores, so which type of feed (or food) is provided by shepherds? [HOTS]
Answer:
Sheep are herbivores, and prefer grass and leaves of various trees. Their food also contain a mixture of pulses, corn, jowar, oil cakes (material left after taking out oil from seeds) and minerals.

Question 2.
Write a caption for each of the figures given as figure (a-d).
Fibre to Fabric Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 3 sh Q 2
Answer:
(a) Eggs of silk moth on mulberry leaves
(b) Silkworm
(c) Cocoon
(d) Cocoon with developing moth

Question 3.
Silk yarn of different textures can be prepared. Define the statement.
Answer:
The silk yarn is obtained from the cocoon of the silk moth. There is a variety of silk moths which look very different from one another and the silk yarn they yield is different in textures (coarse, smooth, shiny, etc.) Thus, tassar silk, mooga silk, kosa silk, etc are obtained from cocoons spun by different types of moths.

Question 4.
Write the difference between natural silk and artificial silk.
Answer:
Natural silk is obtained from the cocoons of silkworms and it is made up of a protein. Natural silk is an animal fibre. Artificial silk is obtained from wood pulp and it is made up of modified plant material ‘cellulose’.
If we perform the burning test, then natural silk fibre burns giving a smell of burning hair while artificial fibre burns giving a smell of burning paper.

Question 5.
Sorter’s disease is an occupational hazard. Explain.
Answer:
Wool industry is an important source of livelihood for many people in our country. The people who do the job of sorting (separating) the fleece of sheep into fibres of different qualities are called sorters. The sorter’s job is very risky because sometimes, they get infected by the bacteria called ‘anthrax’ which cause a deadly blood disease called sorter’s disease.

Question 6.
Write a short note on how first silk industry began in China.
Answer:
According to an old Chinese legend, the empress Si-lung-Chi was asked by the emperor Huang-ti to find the cause of the damaged leaves of mulberry trees growing in their garden. The empress found white worms eating up mulberry leaves. She also noticed that they were spinning shiny cocoons around them.
Accidentally, a cocoon dropped into her cup of tea and a tangle of delicate threads separated from the cocoon. This is how silk was discovered by chance. In this way, the first silk industry began in China.

Question 7.
Various steps involved to obtain wool from fleece are given here.

  1. Picking out the burrs
  2. Dyeing in various colours
  3. Shearing
  4. Scouring
  5. Sorting

Write the above steps in the correct sequence in which they are carried out. [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Fibre to Fabric Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 3 sh Q 7

Question 8.
Steps for the production of silk are given below in a jumbled order. Arrange them in their proper sequence. [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) Eggs are warmed to a suitable temperature for the larvae to hatch from eggs.
(b) Fibres are taken out from the cocoon.
(c) After 25 to 30 days, the caterpillars stop eating and start spinning cocoons.
(d) The larvae/caterpillars or silkworms are kept in clean trays along with freshly chopped mulberry leaves.
(e) Female silk moths lay eggs.
(f) Cocoons are kept under the sun or boiled in water.
Answer:
The correct order is
(e) Female silk moths lay eggs.
(a) Eggs are warmed to a suitable temperature for the larvae to hatch from eggs.
(d) The larvae/caterpillars or silkworms are kept in clean trays along with freshly chopped mulberry leaves.
(c) After 25 to 30 days, the caterpillers stop N eating and start spinning cocoons.
(f) Cocoons are kept under the sun or boiled in water.
(g) Fibres are taken out from the cocoon.

Question 9.
Cocoon is used to obtain silk thread. How?
Answer:
A pile of cocoon is used for obtaining silk fibre. The cocoon are kept under the sun, boiled water or exposed to steam.
The silk fibres separate out. The process of taking out threads from the cocoon for use as silk is called reeling the silk.

Question 10.
Name different types of silk. Which variety of silk is most common and how it is obtained?
Answer:
Different types of silk are mulberry silk, tassar silk, mooga silk and kosa silk. The most common variety of silk is mulberry silk. It is obtained from the cocoons of mulberry silkworm and is made up of protein. It is a natural silk and is an animal fibre.

Question 11.
Four different types of fibres are given to us. Out of these, two fibres (1 and 2) are obtained from plants and other two (3 and 4) fibres are obtained from animals. Fibre (1) is used in filling quilts and the yarn made of fibre (2) is used in making gunny bags, The yarn made from fibre (3) is used for knitting sweaters and yarn of fibre (4) is used for weaving saries. Name the four given fibres marked 1,2, 3 and 4. [HOTS]
Answer:
Fibre (marked 1) which is used in filling quilts is cotton and fibre (marked 2) is jute. (cotton and jute are plant fibres).
Fibre (marked 3) is wool and fibre (marked 4) which is used for weaving saris is silk. (wool and silk are animal fibres).

Question 12.
Why caterpillars need to shed their skin when they grow bigger but humans do not? Do you have any idea? [HOTS]
Answer:
The caterpillar eats day and night the leaves of mulberry tree and grows big in size whereas its skin does not increase in size, shape or length. During the feeding period, a silkworm sleeps four times (24 h each time) at intervals of six days.

While sleeping, its skin cracks and on awakening, the worm leaves the old skin and comes out in a new one. So, it sheds skin and this phenomenon is called moulting. After the final moulting begins, the last feeding period (of about ten days) after which the worm grows to its full size.

Question 13.
Radhika wanted to buy a silk frock and went to the market with her mother. There they found that the artificial (synthetic) silk was much cheaper and wanted to know why? Do you know why? Find out. [HOTS]
Answer:
Artificial (synthetic) silk called rayon is obtained from wood pulp and it is made of modified plant material cellulose. Synthetic silk can be prepared at a large scale in factories/mills. So, it is cheap. For obtaining pure silk, we have to rear silk moth, their larvae to get pupa.

To get silk thread, we have to dip cocoon in hot water to get silk thread which is wrapped over the cocoon. The pupa inside the cocoon dies. To obtain silk for commercial purposes, a large number of cocoons (containing living pupa) are killed. As a result, natural silk is costly.

Question 14.
From what type of health problems the workers suffered while working in a wool industry? [HOTS]
Answer:
People working in the wool industry sometimes get infected by a bacterium called anthrax, during the sorting (separating) the fleece of sheep into fibres of different qualities.
It leads to a fatal blood disease called sorter’s disease.

Question 15.
Write the different types of fibres that form the hair of sheep.
Answer:
There are following two types of fibres that form the hair to sheep

  1. The coarse beard hair.
  2. Fine soft under hair close to the skin.

Question 16.
Name the most common silk moth. What are the characteristics of silk fibres obtained from the cocoons of this silk moth?
Answer:
The most common silk moth is the mulberry silk moth. The silk obtained from the cocoons of mulberry silk moth is called mulberry silk. Mulberry silk is soft, lustrous (shiny) and elastic and can be dyed in different colours.

Fibre to Fabric Class 7 Science Extra Questions Long Answer Type

Question 1.
Paheli went to the market to buy sarees for her mother. She took out a thread from the edge of the two sarees shown by the shopkeeper and burnt them. One thread burnt with a smell of burning hair and the other burnt with the smell of burning paper. Which thread is from a pure cotton saree and which one from a pure silk saree? Give reason for your answer.  [NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]
Answer:
In first saree, one thread which burnt with a smell of burning hair is from pure silk, silk and hair are protein fibres. So, on burning these threads, a smell of burning hair comes out. In second saree, second thread which burnt with the smell of burning cotton and paper because cotton and paper both are carbohydrates and on burning they give similar smell.

Question 2.
Describe the life history of silk moth with the help of figures of various stages.
Answer:
Life History of Silk Moth Formation of Silkworm
The female silk moth lays eggs on mulberry leaves. The eggs are hatched into very small larvae within a week. The larvae of silk moth are called caterpillar or silkworm. The silkworms feed on the leaves of mulberry tree and grow bigger in size.
Fibre to Fabric Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 3 lo Q 2
Development of Cocoon

When the silkworm (or caterpillar) is ready to enter the next stage of its development called pupa, it first weaves a net to hold itself. Then, it swings its head from side to side. During these movement of head, the silkworm secrets fibre made of protein which hardens on exposure to air and becomes silk fibre (or silk thread). Soon the silkworm (or caterpillar) covers itself by silk fibres and turns into pupa. This covering is known as cocoon. The silkworm continues to develop in the form of pupa inside the cocoon to form the silk moth.

Production of Silk

In order to produce silk, the silkworm developing inside the cocoon (as pupa) is not allowed to mature into an adult silk moth. So, as soon as the cocoon is formed, it is used to obtain silk fibres and the developing silkworm (as pupa) gets killed. Some of the silkworms (as pupae) are however, allowed to live and mature into silk moths so that they can lay eggs to produce more silkworms.

There is a variety of silk moths which look very different from one another and the silk yarn they yield is different in texture (coarse, smooth, shiny, etc). Thus, tassar silk, kosa silk, mooga silk, etc are obtained from cocoons spun by different types of moths. The most common silk moth is the mulberry silk moth. The silk obtained from the cocoons of mulberry silk moth is called mulberry silk. Mulberry silk is soft, lustrous (shiny) and elastic and can be dyed in beautiful colours.

Take a thread of pure silk and another thread of an artificial (synthetic) silk. Burn them separately and observe the smell produced. The thread which burns giving a smell of burning hair will be pure silk thread. The thread which burns giving a smell of burning paper will be artificial silk thread.

Question 3.
How silkworms are reared? Explain in brief.
Answer:
Pure and Artificial Silk
Pure silk is obtained from the cocoons of silkworm and it is made up of protein. Artificial silk is obtained from wood pulp and it is made of modified plant material ‘cellulose’. Just like silk, wool is also made up of proteins. So, a piece of woollen fabric also burns giving the smell of burning hair. The thread which burns giving a smell of burning paper will be cotton fibres. Cotton and paper both are carbohydrates. Paper is made of cellulose obtained from wood pulp. So, on burning cotton and paper both give similar smell.
Fibre to Fabric Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 3 lo Q 3
From Cocoon to Silk
For obtaining silk, silk moths are reared and their cocoons are collected to get silk thread.

Rearing Silkworms
A female silk moth lays hundred of eggs at a time. The eggs are stored carefully on strips of paper or cloth and sold to silkworm farmers. The farmers keep eggs under hygienic condition. They warm them to a suitable temperature for the larvae to hatch from egg.

The larvae are kept in clean bamboo trays along with young and freshly chopped mulberry leaves. After 25-30 days, the silkworms stop eating and start spinning the cocoons. Small racks or twigs may be provided in the trays to which cocoons get attached.

Processing Silk
The cocoons are collected and boiled in water to kill the insect inside them. The resulting fibre is known as raw silk. The silk fibres separate out.

Reeling the Silk
The process of taking out fibres from the cocoon for use as silk is known as reeling the silk. Reeling is done in special machines. Silk fibres are spun into silk threads which are woven into silk cloth by weavers.

Question 4.
Explain the phrase – ‘Unity is Strength’ on the basis of the making of fabric from fibre. [NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]
Answer:
Fibres and fabric play a large role in everyday applications. A fibre is a hair-like strand of material. They are the smallest visible unit of a fabric and denoted by being extremely long in relation to their width. Fibres can be spun into yarn and made into fabric. A single fibre is too weak to break but when it once made a fabric it is difficult to tear. Fabric needs more energy to tear apart as compared to a single fibre.

Question 5.
Write various steps for processing fibres into wool. [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Processing of Fibres into Wool
The wool which is used for knitting sweaters or for weaving shawls is the finished product of a long process. Processing of fibres into wool involves the following steps:

Step I
The fleece of the sheep along with thin layer of skin is removed from the body. This process is called shearing. The hair of the sheep are shaved off by using a saving machine similar to that used by barbers.
Shearing does not hurt the sheep because the uppermost layer of the skin of sheep is ‘dead’. The shearing (cutting the hair) of sheep is done in hot weather of summer so that sheep may survive without their protective coat of hair. The hair of sheep grow again before the onset of winter and protect them in cold weather. The fleece (or hair) of sheep provides woollen fibres. Woollen fibres are then processed to obtained woollen yarn.

Step II
The fleece of sheep (or cut hair of sheep) contains dust, dirt, dried sweat and grease, etc. So, the sheared hair of sheep are thoroughly cleaned by washing with soap (or detergent) and a lot of water in tanks. This process of washing of sheared hair is called scouring. Scouring makes the fleece of sheep clean. The scoured fleece is then dried. Now-a-days scouring is done by machines.

Step III
After scouring, sorting is done. The process of separating the fleece of a sheep into sections according to the quality of woollen fibres (such as fine, coarse, long, short, etc) is called sorting. In sorting, the hairy skin is sent to a factory where hair of different textures are separated or sorted. Every section of wool obtained after sorting contains the same quality wool. The same quality wool obtained are then mixed together.

Step IV
The small fluffy fibres, called burrs, are picked out from the hair (burrs are soft, fluffy fibres in wool).
(After this, the fibres are scoured again and dried. The wool obtained after this is ready to be drawn into fibres).

Step V
The natural fleece or hair of sheep (or goat) is white, brown or black in colour. The white woollen fibre obtained by sorting can be dyed in different colours.

Step VI
The fibres are straightened, combed and rolled into yarn. The long woollen fibres are spun (or twisted) into thick yarn called wool which is used for knitting sweaters, etc.
The short woollen fibres are spun into fine yarn and then woven on a loom to make woollen clothes (like shawls, etc).
Finally, we conclude that the sheep’s hair is sheared off from the body, scoured, sorted, dyed, combed and spun to obtain wool (for knitting sweaters) and woollen yarn (for weaving cloth). The quality of woollen cloth depends on the breed of sheep from which wool is obtained.
Fibre to Fabric Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 3 lo Q 4

Question 6.
Neha went to the market with her mother to buy a silk saree for her grandmother. The shopkeeper was showing sarees of different varieties of silk but her mother wanted to take only a pure silk saree and not an artificial one. Neha was confused that how to distinguish between a pure silk and an artificial silk saree. But her mother helped her in selecting a pure silk saree for her grandmother and she was quite elated about that.
Now, answer the following questions:
(a) How her mother distinguished between pure silk saree and an artificial silk saree?
(b) Is the pure silk saree more costly than an artificial one?
(c) What values are shown by Neha’s mother? [Value Based Question]
Answer:
(a) Neha’s mother took a thread of natural silk fabric and another thread of artificial silk fabric and burn them separately. The thread which burns giving a smell of burning hair will be natural silk (or pure silk). The thread which burns giving a smell a burning paper will be an artificial silk.
(b) Yes, pure silk saree is more costly than an artificial one.
(c) Neha’s mother is intelligent and knowledgeable.

Question 7.
Ajay’s father works in a wool industry. In his line of work, he does the job of sorting the fleece of sheep into fibres of different qualities. Ajay noticed that his father and other workers who were doing the similar kind of jobs faced a number of health problems.
Ajay discussed this problem with his friends and he came to know that his father is getting health problems due to the nature of his work.
Ajay is worried about his father’s health. He advised his father to take care of their health and told him about the occupational hazards.
Now answer the following questions.
(a) What do you mean by occupational hazard?
(b) Name the disease that workers may at risk.
(c) What values are shown by Ajay? [Value Based Question]
Answer:
(a) The risks faced by people working in any industry due to the nature of their work are called occupational hazards.
(b) The people who do the job of sorting, sometimes, get infected by the bacteria called anthrax which cause a deadly blood disease called sorter’s disease.
(c) Ajay is very caring, intelligent and sensible boy.

Question 8.
Name some breeds of sheep reared in our country. Explain the quality of wool they provide and the state where they are found.
Answer:

Name of breed of sheepQuality of woolName of the state where found
LohiGood quality woolRajasthan, Punjab
Rampur bushairBrown fleeceUttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh
NaliCarpet woolRajasthan, Haryana, Punjab
BakharwalFor woollen shawlsJammu and Kashmir
MarwariCoarse woolGujarat
PatanwadiFor hosieryGujarat
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CHAPTER -2 Nutrition in Animals | CLASS 7TH |NCERT SCIENCE IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & MCQS | EDUGROWN

SCIENCE IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & MCQS FOR CLASS 7th

Get Chapter Wise MCQ Questions for Class 7 Science with Answers prepared here according to the latest CBSE syllabus and NCERT curriculum. Students can practice CBSE Class 7 Science MCQs Multiple Choice Questions with Answers to score good marks in the examination.  Students can also visit the most accurate and elaborate NCERT Solutions for Class 7Science. Every question of the textbook has been answered here.

Chapter - 2 Nutrition in Animals

MCQs

Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.
Bile is produced in
(a) Gall bladder
(b) Blood
(c) Liver
(d) Spleen

Answer

Answer: (c) Liver

Question 2.
Cud is the name given to the food of ruminants which is:
(а) swallowed and undigested.
(b) swallowed and partially digested.
(c) properly chewed and partially digested.
(d) properly chewed and completely digested.

Answer

Answer: (b) swallowed and partially digested.

Question 3.
The false feet of Amoeba are used for:
(a) movement only
(b) capture of food only
(c) capture of food and movement
(d) exchange of gases only

Answer

Answer: (c) capture of food and movement

Question 4.
Read the following statements with reference to the villi of small intestine.
(i) They have very thin walls.
(ii) They have a network of thin and small blood vessels close to the surface.
(iii) They have small pores through which food can easily pass.
(iv) They are finger-like projections.
Identify those statements which enable the villi to absorb digested food.
(a) (i), (ii) and (iv)
(b) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(c) (iii) and (iv)
(d) (i) and (iv)

Answer

Answer: (a) (i), (ii) and (iv)

Question 5.
The finger-like outgrowths of Amoeba helps to ingest food. However, the finger-like outgrowths of human intestine helps to:
(a) digest the fatty food substances
(b) make the food soluble
(c) absorb the digested food
(d) absorb the undigested food

Answer

Answer: (c) absorb the digested food

Question 6.
The main function of the lacteals of intestine is the absorption of
(a) amino acids
(b) glucose and vitamins
(c) lactic acid
(d) fatty acids and glycerol

Answer

Answer: (d) fatty acids and glycerol

Question 7.
Gastric digestion takes place efficiently in
(a) acidic medium
(b) alkaline medium
(c) neutral medium
(d) highly alkaline medium

Answer

Answer: (a) acidic medium

Question 8.
Which is not digested by human?
(a) Protein
(b) Fats
(c) Glucose
(d) Cellulose

Answer

Answer: (d) Cellulose

Question 9.
How many premolars teeth found in mouth?
(a) 2
(b) 4
(c) 6
(d) 8

Answer

Answer: (b) 4

Question 10.
Given below from (i) to (iv) are some food items.
(i) Boiled and mashed potato
(ii) Glucose solution
(iii) A slice of bread
(iv) Mustard oil
Which of the above will give blue-black colour when tested with iodine?
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (i) and (iii)
(c) (ii) and (iii)
(d) (iii) and (iv)

Answer

Answer: (b) (i) and (iii)

Question 11.
Which of the following pair of teeth differ in structure but are similar in function?
(a) canines and incisors
(b) molars and premolars
(c) incisors and molars
(d) premolars and canines

Answer

Answer: (a) canines and incisors

Question 12.
Read carefully the terms given below. Which of the following set is the correct combination of organs that do not carry out any digestive functions?
(a) Oesophagus, Large Intestine, Rectum
(b) Buccal Cavity, Oesophagus, Rectum
(c) Buccal Cavity, Oesophagus, Large Intestine
(d) Small Intestine, Large Intestine, Rectum

Answer

Answer: (a) Oesophagus, Large Intestine, Rectum

Question 13.
The swallowed food moves downwards in the alimentary canal because of:
(a) force provided by the muscular tongue.
(b) the flow of water taken with the food.
(c) gravitational pull.
(d) the contraction of muscles in the wall of food pipe.

Answer

Answer: (a) force provided by the muscular tongue.

Question 14.
The acid present in the stomach:
(a) kills the harmful bacterial that may enter along with the food.
(b) protects the stomach lining from harmful substances.
(c) digests starch into simpler sugars.
(d) makes the medium alkaline.

Answer

Answer: (c) digests starch into simpler sugars.

Question 15.
The enzymes predsent in the saliva convert:
(a) fats into fatty acids and glycerol
(b) starch into simple sugars
(c) proteins into amino acids
(d) complex sugars into simple sugars

Answer

Answer: (b) starch into simple sugars

Match the following:

Column AColumn B
(i) Autotrophs(a) Carbohydrate
(ii) Sugar(b) Sucking
(iii) Photosynthesis(c) Chlorophyll
(iv) Hydra(d) Green plants
Answer

Answer:

Column AColumn B
(i) Autotrophs(d) Green plants
(ii) Sugar(a) Carbohydrate
(iii) Photosynthesis(c) Chlorophyll
(iv) Hydra(b) Sucking

Fill in the blanks:

1. Ingestion is the first step in the process of ……………..

Answer

Answer: holozoic nutrition

2. Digestion is the breakdown of complex food materials into ……………..

Answer

Answer: simple materials

3. …………….. plant is the common example of insectivorous plants.

Answer

Answer: Pitcher

4. The water is present even in the dry soil in the form of a …………….. layer on the sand particles.

Answer

Answer: hygroscopic

5. The source of energy for living organism is ……………..

Answer

Answer: food

Choose the true and false statements from the following:

1. The breakdown of complex component of food into simpler substance is called digestion.

Answer

Answer: True

2. Food is not synthesised in green plant.

Answer

Answer: False

3. Animals are heterotrophic.

Answer

Answer: True

4. Amoeba is a many celled animal.

Answer

Answer: False

5. Salivary glands secrete saliva.

Answer

Answer: True

6. Ruminants are cud chewing animals.

Answer

Answer: True

7. There are four kinds of permanent teeth in our mouth.

Answer
 False

 

Question 1.
What is the total number of teeth in an adult human?
Answer:
In an adult human, there are total 32 teeth.

Question 2.
Name the parts of the alimentary canal where
(a) water gets absorbed from undigested food
(b) digested food gets absorbed
(c) taste of the food is perceived
(d) bile juice is produced [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
(a) large intestine
(b) small intestine
(c) tongue
(d) liver

Question 3.
Identify the location of salivary gland.
Answer:
Salivary gland is present in the buccal cavity and it secretes saliva.

Question 4.
You were blindfolded and asked to identify the drinks provided in two different glasses. You could identify drink A as lime juice and B as bitter gourd juice. How could you do it inspite of being blindfolded? [NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]
Answer:
Inspite of being blindfolded, one could identify two different drinks with the help of taste buds present in the tongue.

Question 5.
We should not eat hurriedly. Give reason.
Answer:
We should not eat hurriedly because if we ingest food in hurry or we talk or laugh while eating we experience hiccups, coughing or choking sensation.

Question 6.
Name the secretions of stomach which digest food.
Answer:
The inner lining of stomach secretes mucous hydrochloric acid and digestive juices.

Question 7.
Explain the role of mucus secreted by stomach.
Answer:
The function of mucus is to protect the lining of stomach from the action of hydrochloric acid secreted by stomach lining.

Question 8.
The long structure of small intestine is accommodated in small space within our body. Comment. [HOTS]
Answer:
The small intestine is about 7.5 metre long It is accommodated in a coiled form inside our body.

Question 9.
Suggest the organ of digestive system where the digestive juices from liver and pancreas is poured.
Answer:
The digestive juices from liver and pancreas is poured into small intestine which helps in complete digestion and absorption of food.

Question 10.
From which organ of digestive system, the undigested faecal matter is removed?
Answer:
The undigested faecal matter is removed through the anus by the process called egestion.

Question 11.
Mention the position of the rumen in ruminants.
Answer:
The rumen is the sac-like structure which is present between small intestine and large intestine in ruminants.

Question 12.
What is assimilation?
Answer:
The process by which absorbed food is taken by body cells and is used for energy, growth and repair is called assimilation.

Question 13.
Describe alimentary canal briefly.
Answer:
Alimentary canal is the tube running from mouth to anus of human and animals here digestion and absorption of food take place.

Question 14.
Name the simple forms of carbohydrates, fats and proteins.
Answer:
The food components and their simple forms are carbohydrates (glucose), fatty (fats) acids and glycerol, proteins (amino acids).

Question 15.
Write the shape of stomach.
Answer:
The shape of stomach is like flattened U-shaped.

Question 16.
Discuss the role of hydrochloric acid secreted by gastric glands.
Answer:
It helps in the breakdown of food particles. It creates an acidic environment which facilitates the action

Nutrition in Animals Class 7 Science Extra Questions Short Answer Type

Question 1.
With the help of labelled diagram show the gradual decay of tooth.
Answer:
Sweets and Tooth Decay The tooth is covered by white, hard outer covering of tooth called Enamel enamel below which dentine is present. It is similar to bone which Pulp cavity (with nerves and blood vessels) protects the pulp cavity having nerves and blood vessels. Bacteria are Gum present in our mouth but they are not harmful to us. However, if we do not clean our teeth and mouth after eating, many harmful bacteria also begin to live and grow in it. These bacteria breakdown the sugars present from the leftover food and release acids. The acids gradually damage the tooth. This is called tooth decay.

Therefore, tooth decay is defined as the process of rotting of tooth and formation of cavity or holes in it which leads to the toothache.
When the holes or cavity reaches to the pulp cavity, it causes pain. If these cavities are not treated on time it causes severe toothache and may result in tooth loss.
Nutrition in Animals Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 2 sh Q 7
Tooth decay can be prevented by adapting following measures.
(i) One should rinse and clean its teeth thoroughly after every Pulp cavity meal.
(ii) We should clean our teeth with the help of datun or brush Gradual decaying of human tooth and toothpaste, twice a day.
(iii) We should use dental floss which is a special strong thread. It is moved between two teeth to take out
trapped food particles.
(iv) Dirty fingers or unwashed objects must be avoided to put in the mouth.
(v) We should avoid the use of sweets, chocolates, toffees, ice-cream, etc. Much use of cold drink should also be avoided.”

Question 2.
Name the various components of food and their simpler forms.
Answer:
The various components of food and their simpler forms are

Components of foodSimpler form
CarbohydrateGlucose
FatsFatty acids and glycerol
ProteinsAmino acids
VitaminsVitamins
Minerals and waterMinerals and water

Question 3.
‘A’ got her gall bladder removed surgically as she was diagnosed with stones in her gall bladder. After the surgery, she faced problems in digestion of certain food items when consumed in bulk. Can you tell which kind of food items would they be and why? [NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]
Answer:
After surgical removal of gall bladder, ‘A’ would face problems in digestion of fat and fatty substances when consumed in bulk. This is because the bile juice stored in the gall bladder helps in digestion of fats.

Question 4.
Discuss the various associated glands of digestive system and their role in digestion.
Answer:
The various associated glands of digestive system and their role in digestion are as follows

  1. Salivary gland digestion of starch in mouth.
  2. Liver secretes bile juices which help in the digestion of fats.
  3. Pancreas secretes pancreatic juices which act on carbohydrate, fats and proteins and change them into simpler compounds.

Question 5.
Boojho took some grains of boiled rice in test tube ‘A’ and Paheli took boiled and chewed rice in test tube ‘S’. Both of them poured 1-2 drops of iodine solution into the test tube and observed the colour change. What colour change would they have observed? Give reasons for your Answer: [NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]
Answer:
In test tube A, blue black colour appeared because of presence of starch.
In test tube 6, colour of iodine will not change because of digestion of starch into sugars by the action of saliva in our mouth.

Question 6.
Mention the different steps of nutrition in animals.

Question 7.
List the preventive measures that one should adopt for avoiding tooth decay.
Answer:
Sweets and Tooth Decay The tooth is covered by white, hard outer covering of tooth called Enamel enamel below which dentine is present. It is similar to bone which Pulp cavity (with nerves and blood vessels) protects the pulp cavity having nerves and blood vessels. Bacteria are Gum present in our mouth but they are not harmful to us. However, if we do not clean our teeth and mouth after eating, many harmful bacteria also begin to live and grow in it. These bacteria breakdown the sugars present from the leftover food and release acids. The acids gradually damage the tooth. This is called tooth decay.

Therefore, tooth decay is defined as the process of rotting of tooth and formation of cavity or holes in it which leads to the toothache.
When the holes or cavity reaches to the pulp cavity, it causes pain. If these cavities are not treated on time it causes severe toothache and may result in tooth loss.
Nutrition in Animals Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 2 sh Q 7
Tooth decay can be prevented by adapting following measures.
(i) One should rinse and clean its teeth thoroughly after every Pulp cavity meal.
(ii) We should clean our teeth with the help of datun or brush Gradual decaying of human tooth and toothpaste, twice a day.
(iii) We should use dental floss which is a special strong thread. It is moved between two teeth to take out
trapped food particles.
(iv) Dirty fingers or unwashed objects must be avoided to put in the mouth.
(v) We should avoid the use of sweets, chocolates, toffees, ice-cream, etc. Much use of cold drink should also be avoided.”

Question 8.
Write the difference between milk teeth and permanent teeth.
Answer:
The difference between milk teeth and permanent teeth are

Milk teethPermanent teeth
They grow during infancy, i.e. when one is small baby.They grow at the age of 6-8 years.
They are also called as temporary teeth because these are lost at the age of 6-8 years.They do not fall till the old age.
They can be replaced by permanent teeth.If these teeth fall down no new teeth arises on its place.

Question 9.
Complete the following table, from the options given below:
(Scraping, chewing, siphoning, capturing and swallowing, sponging, sucking, etc.)

Name of animalKind of animalMode of feeding
Snail  
Ant  
Eagle  
Humming bird  
Lice  
Mosquito  
Butterfly  
Housefly  

Answer:
The complete table is

Name of animalKind of foodMode of feeding
SnailLeaves and insectsScraping
AntFood particlesChewing
EagleSmall animalsCapturing and swallowing
Humming birdNectar of flowerSucking
LiceBloodSucking
MosquitoBloodSucking
ButterflyNactar of flowerSiphoning
HouseflyAll most everythingSponging

Question 10.
Briefly describe the mechanism of producing hiccups while we take food in hurry.

Question 11.
Boojho and Paheli were eating their food hurriedly so that they could go out and play during the recess. Suddenly, Boojho started coughing violently. Think of the reasons, why he was coughing and discuss with your friends?
[NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]
Answer:
Sometimes when we eat hurriedly, talks or laughs while eating, the flap-like valve (called epiglottis) which closes the passage of windpipe remains open. Therefore, the food may enter into the windpipe. Coughing helps to clear the passage and returns the food particle back to the foodpipe.

Question 12.
Gastric glands in stomach release hydrochloric acid, enzyme pepsin and mucus. What will happen if mucus is not secreted by the gastric glands?
Answer:
Mucus protects the inner lining of stomach form the action of hydrochloric acid and enzyme pepsin. If mucus is not released, it will lead to erosion of inner lining of stomach leading to acidity and ulcers.

Question 13.
Choose the odd one out from each group and give reasons.
(a) liver, salivary gland, starch, gall bladder
(b) stomach, liver, pancreas, salivary gland
(c) tongue, absorption, taste, swallow
(d) oesophagus, small intestine, large intestine, rectum [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
(a) Starch, because rest all are glands and starch is a type of carbohydrate.
(b) Stomach, because rest all are digestive glands and stomach is a digestive organ.
(c) Tongue, because rest all are digestive processes and tongue is a part of digestive system.
(d) Small intestine, because it carriers the process of digestion and rest are not involved in digestion.

Question 14.
Following statements describe the five steps in animal nutrition. Read each statement and give one word for each statement. Write the terms that describe each process.
(a) Transportation of absorbed food to different parts of body and their utilisation.
(b) Breaking of complex food substances into simpler and soluble substances.
(c) Removal of undigested and unabsorbed solid residues of food from the body.
(d) Taking food into the body.
(e) Transport of digested and soluble food from the intestine to blood vessels.[NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
(a) Assimilation
(b) Digestion
(c) Egestion
(d) Ingestion
(e) Absorption

Question 15.
Small intestine in herbivores is longer than in carnivores. Do you agree? Support your Answer:
Answer:
Yes, carnivores animals cannot digest cellulose, hence they have a shorter small intestine. In herbivores, digestion of cellulose takes a longer time. Hence, herbivores need a longer small intestine to allow complete digestion of cellulose.

Question 16.
Draw a neat and clean diagram of Amoeba showing the correct location of the following components : nucleus, vacuole, pseudopodia.
Answer:
Nutrition in Animals Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 2 sh Q 16

Question 17.
Draw the labelled diagram of tongue showing different region for taste buds.
Answer:
Refer to figure on page 17.
Nutrition in Animals Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 2 sh Q 17

Question 18.
Ruminants such as cows and buffaloes swallow their food hurriedly and then sit restfully and chew their food. Give reason. [NCERT Examplar; HOTS]
Answer:
Ruminants such as cows and buffaloes swallow their food hurriedly and store it in a part of the stomach called rumen. The cellulose of the food is digested here by the action of certain bacteria which are not present in humans. Later, this partially digested food is returned to the buccal cavity of the animals in small lumps and animal chews it to complete the process of digestion. This process is called rumination.

Question 19.
Discuss the position and number of molars in buccal cavity.
Answer:
Molars are very large teeth which are present behind the premolar, towards the back of our mouth. They are only present in the permanent set of teeth and are 6 in each jaw.

Question 20.
Name the three digestive glands in our body.
Answer:
The three digestive glands are

  1. liver
  2. Pancreas
  3. Salivary glands

Question 21.
The swallowed food moves downwards in the alimentary canal. Explain.
Answer:
The swallowed food moves downwards in the alimentary canal because of the atternate relaxation contraction movement of muscles in the wall of foodpipe called peristalsis.

Question 22.
Explain how assimilation is different from absorption.
Answer:
The process by which nutrients from the digested food are absorbed by the body is called absorption whereas the process by which the absorbed nutrients are utilised by the body for providing energy is called assimilation.

Question 23.
Food moves in the opposite direction during vomiting. How?
Answer:
The intense pressure is formed in the stomach when the food is not accepted by the stomach. The content in the stomach is then pushed back. This returned content is expelled out from the mouth in the form of vomiting.

Question 24.
Briefly explain, why animals like cow cannot chew their food properly at the time they take it in.
Answer:
Animals like cow cannot chew their food properly due to the presence of cellulose in their diet. At the time they take in food, the food is moistend and is sent for cellulose digestion and softening in rumen.

Question 25.
Is there any role of liver in digestion of fats? Explain.
Answer:
Yes, liver produces bile which has bile salts. These salts break large fat molecules to fine droplets. These fine droplets are further converted into fatty acids and glycerol.

Question 26.
Cellulose rich food substances are good source of roughage in human beings. Justify. [HOTS]
Answer:
Cellulose rich food substances are good source of roughage in human beings. It is because the cellulose digesting bacteria are not present in the body of human beings due to which human beings cannot digest cellulose (present in plant foods).

Question 27.
Recall and name the main organs of the digestive system in our body.
Answer:
The different organs of the alimentary canal are as follows :

  1. Mouth and mouth cavity
  2. Oesophagus
  3. Stomach
  4. Small intestine
  5. Large intestine
  6. Anus

Question 28.
Alimentary canal is different from digestive system. Comment.
Answer:
Alimentary canal is a long, muscular coiled tube. It is also known as digestive tract. The alimentary canal with its associated glands constitute the digestive system. These glands are salivary glands, liver and pancreas.

Question 29.
Windpipe runs adjacent to the foodpipe. What will happen if food particles enter the windpipe? Explain.
Answer:
The windpipe carries air from the nostrils to the lungs. It runs adjacent to the foodpipe. If, by chance, food particles enter the windpipe, we feel choked, get hiccups or cough.

Question 30.
Explain how is small intestine designed to absorb digested food.
Answer:
The finger-like projections called villi are present in the inner walls of the small intestine. The villi increase the surface area. The large surface area of small intestine helps in the rapid absorption of the digested food.

Nutrition in Animals Class 7 Science Extra Questions Long Answer Type

Question 1.
Label the given figure as directed below in A to D and give the name of each type of teeth.
(a) The cutting and biting teeth as A
(b) The piercing and tearing teeth as B
(c) The grinding and chewing teeth as C
(d) The grinding teeth present only in adult as D
Nutrition in Animals Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 2 lo Q 1
Answer:
Nutrition in Animals Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 2 lo Q 1.1

Question 2.
Briefly describe the process of digestion in Amoeba with the help of labelled diagram. [NCERT Examplar]
Answer:
Feeding and Digestion in Amoeba

Amoeba is a microscopic single celled organism, which is found in pond water. It is a very simple animal and cannot be seen by naked eyes. Amoeba has a cell membrane, a rounded dense nucleus and many small bubble-like vacuoles in its cytoplasm. These vacuoles are of two types, i.e. food vacuole and contractile vacuole. Food vacuole contains food surrounded by water while contractile vacuole contains liquid or water and controls water regulation activity in Amoeba. Its shape is not fixed, i.e. it constantly changes its shape and position. The body of Amoeba has finger-like projections, called pseudopodia or false feet. It captures food and helps in locomotion of Amoeba.
Nutrition in Animals Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 2 lo Q 2
The food of Amoeba are microscopic organisms like tiny plants and animals present in pond water. When Amoeba senses its food, it pushes out pseudopodia around the food particle and engulfs it. The two pseudopodia join around the food particle and trap the food particle with a little water forming vacuole around food, thus the food gets trapped. Digestive juices present inside the vacuole, acts on the food and break it into simpler substances. This digested food is then absorbed and is used for growth, maintenance and multiplication of Amoeba. The undigested food residue is expelled outside by the vacuole. The basic process of digestion of food and release of energy is as similar to the other organisms.

Question 3.
Label the following parts of above figure and name them.
(a) The largest gland in our body.
(b) The organ where protein digestion starts.
(c) The organ that releases digestive juice into the small intestine.
(d) The organ where bile juice gets stored. [NCERT Examplar]
Nutrition in Animals Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 2 lo Q 3
Answer:
Nutrition in Animals Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 2 lo Q 3.1

Question 4.
Little Rishi (student of class VI) was watching his favourite cartoon serial on television. Suddenly he got hiccups. His elder brother Shubham who was sitting near by him gave him a glass of water and suggested not to eat too fast in a hurry. Little Rishi got confused as he had heard that ‘hicki’ comes when someone remembers. He asked his father. His father smiled and explained him that it is only a myth. He also explained him the proper scientific reason behind it.
(a) What is hiccup?
(b) Why do we get hiccup?
(c) What are the values shown by Rishi? [Value Based Question]
Answer:
(a) Hiccup is a choking sensation that produces a characteristic gulping sound repeatedly. It is called ‘hicki’ in our local language.
(b) Sometimes, when we eat too fast in a hurry or talk too much or laugh while eating, then a little of windpipe remains open due to which food particles may enter the windpipe. It may result in a choking sensation called hiccups.
(c) He is sincere and curious to know about the things at an early age.

Question 5.
Jaya returned from school and found that grandmother was scolding her maid, Rani as she did not come yesterday. The maid told that his son was passing watery stools frequently that’s why she didn’t come. Jaya’s mother who was listening the discussion came to them and told Rani not to come for coming 3-4 days. She also suggested her to give his son a solution of sugar and salt in clean water, many times a day for fast recovery. Jaya was surprised. She rushed to her mother and asked the scientific reason for it. Her mother smiled and explained her the importance of this solution.
(a) Name the term used to describe the condition in which a person passes out watery stools.
(b) Name the solution of sugar and salt in water. Why is it given to a person suffering from diarrhoea?
(c) What are the values shown by Jaya? [Value Based Question]
Answer:
(a) Diarrhoea.
(b) Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS). It is given to a person suffering from diarrhoea to prevent the dehydration.
(c) She is sincere, curious and has interest in science.

Question 6.
Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow it.
Bile juice is stored in a sac called, gall bladder, located near its organ of secretion, liver. The gall bladder releases the bile juice into the small intestine whenever food reaches there. Though bile juice is devoid of any digestive enzymes, it is required for the digestion of fats. The fats cannot be digested easily because they are insoluble in water and are present as large globules. Bile juice breaks down big fat droplets into smaller droplets. These are then easily digested by the enzymes released from the pancreas
(a) Which organ secretes the bile juice?
(b) Why is digestion of fats difficult as compared to that of other nutrients?
(c) How does bile juice help in digestion of that of other nutrients?
(d) Where is the digestion of fat completed?
(e) Does bile juice digest fat completely? [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
(a) Bile juice is secreted by liver.
(b) Digestion of fats is difficult as compared to that of other nutrients because of insolubility of fat in water.
(c) Bile juice helps in digestion of fat by breaking down big fat droplets into smaller droplet.
(d) Digestion of fat is completed in small intestine.
(e) No, fat is not completely digested by bile juice.

Question 7.
Define oral rehydration solution and when it is given to the patient? How can you prepare ORS at home?
Answer:
Oral rehydration solution is the solution of sugar and salt in a particular ratio in the clean water. When a person passes out watery stools frequently, the disease is called diarrhoea. In this condition there is a loss of water and salt from the body of a person.

This is called dehydration which may be fatal if not cured at proper time. In order to prevent dehydration, the person or patient should be given ORS. ORS makes up the loss of water and salts in the body and sugar provides energy which helps in the recovery of disease. It should be given to a patient suffering from diarrhoea at a regular interval.

At home the ORS can be prepared by dissolving a teaspoonful of sugar and pinch of salt in a glass of clean water. The water used for preparing ORS should be first boiled and then cooled so that all the microorganisms or harmful bacteria may be killed.

Question 8.
Open your mouth, look into a mirror and try to count the different types of teeth of teeth in your mouth. Compare them with figure 2.3 on page 13 of your NCERT textbook. Record your observations in the table below: [NCERT Exemplar]

Type of teethNumber of teeth
 In my mouthIn the figure
Incisors  
Canines  
Premolars  
Molars  

(a) Did you observe any difference in the number of teeth? If yes, could you identify which type of teeth showed the difference?
(b) Compare the number and type of teeth in an adult (say your parents or cousins who have reached the age of 25-30 or more). Note your observation.
Answer:

Type of teethNumber of teeth 
 In my mouthIn the figure
Incisors44
Canines88
Premolars88
Molars812

(a) Yes, the difference has been observed in the number of molars.
(b) The number and type of teeth varries in an adult as compared to the child. Children have 28 teeth in their mouth.There are only four molars in each jaw.
While, adults have 32 teeth in their mouth which means six molars in each jaw.

Question 9.
Explain how the digestion of cellulose occurs in grass eating animals.
Answer:
Digestion in Grass-Eating Animals

The herbivorous animals such as cow, buffaloes, etc eat grass. These animals quickly swallow the grass and store it in a part of stomach called rumen. The food is not chewed completely. Rumen possess cellulose digesting bacteria which breakdown the food by fermentation. This partially digested food or grass present in the rumen of cow is called cud.

This cud is brought back into the mouth of the cow from the rumen into small lumps and animal chews it again. This process is called rumination and animals are called ruminants.
When this cud is thoroughly chewed in the mouth of the cow, it is swallowed again. This time the chewed cud does not go back to rumen but enter into the other compartments of cow’s stomach and then into the small intestine for complete digestion and absorption of food. The cellulose digesting bacteria are not present in the body of human being, therefore human beings and other carnivore cannot digest cellulose present in plant food items.

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CHAPTER – 1 Nutrition in Plants | CLASS 7TH |NCERT SCIENCE IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & MCQS | EDUGROWN

SCIENCE IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & MCQS FOR CLASS 7th

Get Chapter Wise MCQ Questions for Class 7 Science with Answers prepared here according to the latest CBSE syllabus and NCERT curriculum. Students can practice CBSE Class 7 Science MCQs Multiple Choice Questions with Answers to score good marks in the examination.  Students can also visit the most accurate and elaborate NCERT Solutions for Class 7Science. Every question of the textbook has been answered here.

Chapter - 1 Nutrition in Plants

MCQs

Question 1.
Which of the following is a nutrient?
(a) Protein
(b) Fat
(c) Vitamin
(d) All of these

Answer

Answer: (d) All of these

Question 2.
Human beings can be categorised as
(a) heterotrophs
(b) autotrophs
(c) parasites
(d) saprotrophs

Answer

Answer: (a) heterotrophs

Question 3.
The food making process in plants is called as
(a) glycolysis
(b) photosynthesis
(c) photolysis
(d) chemosynthesis

Answer

Answer: (b) photosynthesis

Question 4.
Which part of the plant is called its food factory ?
(a) Fruits
(b) Seeds
(c) Leaves
(d) Flowers

Answer

Answer: (c) Leaves

Question 5.
Tiny pores present on the surface of leaves through which gaseous exchange occurs are called
(a) stomata
(b) guard cells
(c) food holes
(d) gas holes

Answer

Answer: (a) stomata

Question 6.
What is the ultimate source of energy for all living organisms?
(a) Water energy
(b) Wind energy
(c) Solar energy
(d) Chemical energy

Answer

Answer: (c) Solar energy

Question 7.
Green pigment present in the leaves is called
(a) haemoglobin
(b) globulin
(c) albumin
(d) chlorophyll

Answer

Answer: (d) chlorophyll

Question 8.
During photosynthesis plants
(a) take oxygen and release carbon dioxide
(b) take carbon dioxide and release oxygen
(c) take carbon dioxide but do not release oxygen
(d) take oxygen but do not release carbon dioxide

Answer

Answer: (b) take carbon dioxide and release oxygen

Question 9.
During photosynthesis
(а) solar energy is converted into chemical energy
(b) solar energy is converted into mechanical energy
(c) chemical energy is converted into mechanical energy
(d) bioenergy is converted into chemical energy

Answer

Answer: (а) solar energy is converted into chemical energy

Question 10.
The raw materials for photosynthesis are
(а) CO2
(b) CO2, O2, H2
(c) N2 water
(d) O2 water

Answer

Answer: (а) CO2

Question 11.
The end products of photosynthesis are
(a) carbohydrates, oxygen
(b) carbohydrates, hydrogen
(c) carbohydrates, water vapours
(d) carbohydrates, oxygen and water vapours

Answer

Answer: (a) carbohydrates, oxygen

Question 12.
Which one of the following is a parasite?
(a) Lichen
(b) Cuscuta
(c) Pitcher plant
(d) Rhizobium

Answer

Answer: (b) Cuscuta

Question 13.
Which of the following class of organisms belongs to saprotrophs?
(a) Fungi
(b) Algae
(c) Lichens
(d) Bryophytes

Answer

Answer: (a) Fungi

Question 14.
Which one of the following is a pair of symbiotic organisms?
(a) Lichens
(b) Rhizobium and a legume
(c) None of these
(d) Both (a) and (b)

Answer

Answer: (d) Both (a) and (b)

Question 15.
Which of the following is an insectivorous plant?
(a) Pitcher plant
(b) Indian telegraph plant
(c) 4 ‘O’clock plant
(d) Cuscuta

Answer

Answer: (a) Pitcher plant

Match the following:

Column AColumn B
(i) Autotrophs(a) Fungi
(ii) Heterotroph(b) Lichen
(iii) Parasite(c) Pitcher plant
(iv) Saproptroph(d) Algae
(v) Symbiont(e) Man
(vi) Insectivorous(f) Cuscuta
Answer

Answer:

Column AColumn B
(i) Autotrophs(d) Algae
(ii) Heterotroph(e) Man
(iii) Parasite(f) Cuscuta
(iv) Saproptroph(a) Fungi
(v) Symbiont(b) Lichen
(vi) Insectivorous(c) Pitcher plant

Fill in the blanks:

1. All organisms take ……………… and utilize it to get energy for the growth and the maintenance of their bodies.

Answer

Answer: food

2. Green plants synthesise their food themselves by the process of ………….. they are called ……………..

Answer

Answer: photosynthesis, autotrophs

3. …………………. energy is stored by the leaves with the help of chlorophyll.

Answer

Answer: Solar

4. …………………. derive nutrition from, dead, decaying matter.

Answer

Answer: Fungi/s aprotrophs

5. Plants like cuscuta take food from ………………… plant.

Answer

Answer: host

6. All animals are categorised as ……………..

Answer

Answer: heterotrophs

7. …………….. is produced and …………….. is utilized during photosynthesis.

Answer

Answer: Oxygen, carbon dioxide

8. …………….. is the site of reception of light energy in leaves.

Answer

Answer: Chlorophyll

Choose the true and false statements from the following:

1. Food is essential for all living organisms.

Answer

Answer: True

2. Leaves are the food factories of plant.

Answer

Answer: True

3. Water comes into leaves through stomata in the form of vapours.

Answer

Answer: False

4. Plants utilize the carbon dioxide dissolved in the water absorbed by the roots for photosynthesis.

Answer

Answer: False

Important Questions

Question 1.
Potato and ginger are both underground parts that store food. Where is the food prepared in these plants? [NCERT Exemplar]
Anwer:
In both the plants, shoot system and leaves are above ground. They prepare food through photosynthesis and transport it to the underground part for storage.

Question 2.
Plants prepare their food using a different mode of nutrition than us. What is it?
Answer:
The mode of nutrition in plant is autotrophic, i.e. they synthesise their own food.

Question 3.
Photosynthesis requires chlorophyll and a few other raw materials. Add the missing raw materials to the list given below:
Water, minerals, (a) …… (b) …….
Answer:
(a) Sunlight
(b) Carbon dioxide

Question 4.
The tiny openings present on the leaf surface. What are they called?
Answer:
Stomata are the tiny pores present on the surface of leaves through which gaseous exchange takes place in plants.

Question 5.
What is the function of guard cells of stomata?
Answer:
Guard cells help in controlling the opening and closing of stomata for gaseous exchange.

Question 6.
Which parts of the plant are called food factories of the plant?
Answer:
Leaves are referred to as food factories of plants. This is because, leaves synthesise food by the process of photosynthesis.

Question 7.
A carbohydrate is produced by plants as food source. It is constituted from which molecules?
Answer:
Carbohydrates are composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.

Question 8.
Why do some plants feed on insects?
Answer:
Insectivorous plants grow in soil which lack nitrogen, therefore they eat insects to fulfill their need of nitrogen.

Question 9.
Define parasites.
Answer:
Parasites they are those organisms which grow on other plants or animals for their food, e.g. Cuscuta.

Question 10.
Name the bacteria that can fix atmospheric nitrogen.
Answer:
Rhizobium is the bacterium which can fix atmospheric nitrogen.

Question 11.
Except plants, why can’t other living organisms prepare their food using CO2, water and minerals? [HOTS]
Answer:
Our body does not contain chlorophyll for absorbing solar energy which is necessary for preparing food using air, water, etc.

Question 12.
A leguminous plant can restore the soil’s concentration of mineral nutrients. Can you give examples of some such plants?
Answer:
Plants such as gram, pulses and beans are leguminous.

Question 13.
Algae are green in colour. Why?
Answer:
Algae contain chlorophyll which imparts green colour to them.

Question 14.
what do you understand by nutrition?
Answer:
The process of utilising nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, fats, etc., to generate energy is called nutrition.

Question 15.
Fungus can be harmful and useful. Give an example showing both of these traits of fungus.
Answer:
Fungus produces antibiotics like penicillin used to treat diseases and fungus can also harm us by causing fungal infections on skin and hair.

Question 16.
A unique feature in leaves allows them to prepare the food while other parts of plants cannot. Write the possible reason for this. [HOTS]
Answer:
Leaves contain chlorophyll which is essential for food preparation and is absent in other parts of plant.

Question 17.
Algae and fungi form a unique association sharing benefits from each other. What is the name of association between them?
Answer:
Lichens.

Question 18.
In a plant, photosynthesis occurs in a part other than leaf. Name that plant and the part where photosynthesis occurs.
Answer:
Cactus, the part where photosynthesis occurs are stem and branches which are green.

Question 19.
Why is Cuscuta, categorised as a parasite?
Answer:
Cuscuta derives its nutrition using an association where it deprives its host of all valuable nutrients and absorbs them itself. Hence, it is called a parasitic plant.

Question 20.
Plant cannot use the nitrogen present in the soil directly. Why?
Answer:
Plants can use nitrogen only in soluble form while in soil nitrogen is present in inorganic form.

Question 21.
Why are insectivorous plants called partial heterotrophs?
Answer:
Insectivorous plants are autotrophs, i.e. they prepare their own food. They are partial heterotrophs as they eat insects for obtaining nitrogen.

Question 22.
What is the stored food form in sunflower seeds?
Answer:
In sunflower seeds, glucose is stored in the form of oils (fats).

Question 23.
What do you understand by saprotrophic mode of nutrition?
Answer:
The mode of nutrition in which organisms take their nutrients from dead and decaying matter is called saprotrophic mode of nutrition.

Question 24.
A mutually beneficial relationship that occurs between two plants. It is known by what name? Give an example.
Answer:
Symbiosis is the mutually benefitting association between two plants, e.g. lichens.

Question 25.
For testing the presence of starch in leaves, a boiled leaf is used. Why?
Answer:
Boiling the leaf remove chlorophyll/green colour from the leaves.

Question 26.
Mosquitoes, bed bugs, lice and leeches suck our blood. Can they be called as parasites? [HOTS]
Answer:
Yes, these animals/insects are parasites as they harm the hosts while they suck blood.

Question 27.
Insectivorous plants have one or the other specialised organs to catch their prey. What is that organ?
Answer:
Leaves of insectivorous plants catches the prey.

Question 28.
Farmers spread manure of fertilisers in the field or in gardens, etc. Why are these added to the soil?
Answer:
Plants absorb mineral nutrients from soil. Thus, declining their concentration in soil fertilisers and manures enhance or add these essential nutrients back in soil.

Question 29.
A cell is formed of many sub-components. Identify different constituents of the cell. Are animal and plant cells similar?
Answer:
A cell contains nucleus, cytoplasm, vacuole, cell organelles like chloroplast, mitochondria, etc. No, animal cells are different from plant cells.

Question 30.
A goat eats away all the leaves of a small plant (balsam). However, in a few days, new leaves could be seen sprouting in the plant again. How did the plant survive without leaves? [NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]
Answer:
The plant of balsam survived on the food stored in the stem and roots.

Nutrition in Plants Class 7 Science Extra Questions Short Answer Type

Question 1.
Different modes of nutrition has been observed in plants. What are they? Give example of each.
Answer:
Plants show two major modes of nutrition, i.e.
(i) Autotrophs are those which can synthesise their own food.
(ii) Heterotrophs are those which are dependent on other plants and animals for their food. They are of following types:
(a) Parasites, e.g. Cuscuta
(b) Saprotrophs, e.g. fungi.

Question 2.
Sunlight, chlorophyll, carbon dioxide, water and minerals are raw materials essential for photosynthesis. Do you know where they are available? Fill in the blanks with the appropriate raw materials.
(a) Available in the plant: ………
(b) Available in the soil: ………
(c) Available in the air: ………
(d) Available during day : ……… [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
(a) Available in the plant: chlorophyll
(b) Available in the soil : water, minerals
(c) Available in the air : carbon dioxide
(d) Available during day : sunlight

Question 3.
Plants are considered an essential part of earth as they keep a check on lot of process occurring all over. What would happen if all the green plants are wiped from earth? [HOTS]
Answer:
Green plants are the source of energy for all the living organisms so that they can perform their normal functions. If all green plants and trees disappear, all the organism depending on them for food and shelter will also die.

The lack of gaseous exchange will lead to increase in amount of CO2, causing death in humans and other animals also. The cycle of life will gradually disappear.

Question 4.
Autotrophs and heterotrophs are two different organisms with distinct modes of nutrition state. How are they different from each other?
Answer:
The difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs are as follows:

AutotrophsHeterotrophs
They can prepare their own food.They cannot prepare their own food.
Autotrophs take simple inorganic substances and change it into complex organic food, e.g. green plants.They take in complex food and breakdown it into simple compounds, e.g. all animals, fungi and non-green plants.

Question 5.
Wheat dough if left in the open, after a few days, starts to emit a foul smell and becomes unfit for use. Give reason. [NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]
Answer:
Carbohydrates in wheat dough encourage the growth of yeast and other saprophytic fungi which breakdown carbohydrates into simpler compounds like CO2 and alcohol and emit a foul smell.

Question 6.
What are the various raw materials for photosynthesis?
Answer:
Plants utilise carbon dioxide from air and water and minerals are derived from soil (through roots) as raw material for photosynthesis. Besides these chlorophyll present in green leaf is necessary for the process and sunlight is the source of energy which is converted into chemical energy during the process of photosynthesis.

Question 7.
Observe the given figure and label the following terms given in the box. Stomatal opening, guard cell
Nutrition in Plants Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 1 sh Q 7
Answer:
Labelled figure is given below:
Nutrition in Plants Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 1 sh Q 7.1

Question 8.
Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for plants growth. But farmers who cultivate pulses as crops like green gram, bengal gram, black gram, etc., do not apply nitrogenous fertilisers during t cultivation. Why? [NCERT Exemplar; HOTS]
Answer:
Roots of pulses (leguminous plants) have a symbiotic association with a bacterium called Rhizobium. This bacteria convert gaseous nitrogen of air into water soluble nitrogen compounds and give them to the leguminous plants for their growth. Hence, farmers need not use nitrogenous fertilisers.

Question 9.
Pooja is worried about her new shoes which she wore on special occassions that they were spoiled by fungus during rainy season. Is she right to worry, if yes, then tell why does fungi suddenly appears during the rainy season? [HOTS]
Answer:
Yes, the fungi reproduces by spores which are generally present in the air and grow on any article that are left in hot and humid weather for a long time. During rainy season they land on wet and warm things and begin to germinate and grow.

Question 10.
In what unique manner does a pitcher plant derive its nutrition?
Answer:
Nepenthes or pitcher plant modifies its leaf axis into a long tubular pitcher to form a pitfall trap. Inside the pitcher sticky liquid is present. When any insect comes in contact with the leaf, the lid present on it is closed and insect is trapped. The liquid contains digestive enzymes which slowly digest the trapped insects.

Question 11.
Water and minerals are absorbed by the roots and then transported to leaves. How?
Answer:
Water and minerals are transported to the leaves by the vessels which run like pipes throughout the root, stem, branches and the leaves. These vessels are xylem and phloem, forming a continuous path or passage for the nutrients to make them reach the leaf.

Question 12.
Some plants have deep red, violet or brown coloured leaves. Can these leaves perform the photosynthesis process? [HOTS]
Answer:
Yes, plants having deep red, violet or brown coloured leaves can also carry out photosynthesis because they contain chlorophyll. But their green colour of chlorophyll is masked by the large amount of all other coloured pigments.

Question 13.
If plant has a requirement for nitrogen, then from where will they obtain it?
Answer:
Soil contains nitrogen in the form that is not usable by plants. Bacteria like Rhizobium converts nitrogen into soluble form that can be easily used by plants. So, if plant has a requirement for nitrogen, then it will obtain that which the help of bacteria.

Question 14.
In the absence of photosynthesis, life would be impossible on earth. Is it true or false?
Answer:
True, because photosynthesis is important for the existence of life on the earth. Photosynthesis is important process as it is provides food to all living organisms and maintains CO2 – O2 balance of nature.

Nutrition in Plants Class 7 Science Extra Questions Long Answer Type

Question 1.
Describe the process by which plants prepare their food using different raw materials.
Answer:
The process by which green plants can prepare their own food is called photosynthesis. Green plants possess chlorophyll in their leaf and utilises carbon dioxide (from air) water, minerals (from soil, through root) as raw material and sunlight as source of energy and convert light energy into chemical energy. The food thus synthesised is in the form of starch (carbohydrate). The overall reaction for photosynthesis can be given as follows:
Nutrition in Plants Class 7 Extra Questions Science Chapter 1 lo Q 1

Question 2.
Describe the method for replinishing the soils with minerals and other essential constituents used by plants growing in those soil by farmers.
Answer:
Replenishment of Nutrients in Soil

Crops require a lot of nitrogen to make proteins. After the harvest, the soil becomes deficient in nitrogen. Plants cannot use the nitrogen gas available in atmosphere directly. Action of certain bacteria can convert this nitrogen into form readily used by plants. Rhizobium bacteria live in the root nodules of leguminous plants. These bacteria take nitrogen gas from the atmosphere and convert it into water soluble nitrogen compounds making it available to the leguminous plants for their growth.

In return, leguminous plants provide food and shelter to the bacteria as Rhizobium cannot prepare its food. They, thus have a symbiotic relationship. This association is very important for the farmers, as they do not need to add nitrogen fertilisers to the soil in which leguminous plants are grown.

Question 3.
Harish went to visit his grandfather in village where he saw that his grandfather’s field of wheat are infected with fungus but no one is aware of this. Harish rushed to his grandfather’s side and told him that the field have been infected with fungi. He should use an antifungal agent in his fields to stop this infection.
(a) What is fungus?
(b) Can fungus only cause diseases or can it be helpful also?
(c) What values are shown by Harish? [Value Based Question]
Answer:
(a) Fungus are saprophytic organisms usually present as spores in atmosphere which can germinate on any substrate in optimal conditions.
(b) Fungus are also useful in that they produce many antibiotics which can cure different types of infections like penicillin.
(c) Harish is sincere, curious and knowledgeable with a keen sense of applying it where necessary.

Question 4.
Wild animals like tiger, wolf, lion and leopard do not eat plants. Does this mean that they can survive without plants? Can you provide a suitable explanation? [HOTS]
Answer:
Animals like tiger, wolf, lion and leopard are carnivores and do not eat plants. They hunt and eat herbivorous animals like deer, gaur, bison, zebra, giraffe, etc., which are dependent on plants for food.

If there are no plants, herbivorous animals will not survive and ultimately animals like tiger, wolf, lion and leopard will have nothing to eat.

Question 5.
Asha went to visit her grandfather in his village. He was having a serious discussion with his fellow members regarding the productivity level of crops for present year. They all were worried about how to increase the productivity of crop Asha listened to this and then suggested to the group that the reason may be decreased level of minerals in soil.
She told her grandfather to plant crops like pulses, gram, beans, etc., for a year then follow with regular crops. This will increase the crop productivity?
(a) What will you name the process suggested by Asha? Why is there decrease in crop productivity?
(b) What are noted benefits of this process? Will the results be as what Asha expressed?
(c) What values are shown by Asha? [Value Based Question]
Answer:
(a) This process is known as crop rotation. All the plants/crops grown in soil use the minerals present in soil for their own use. This continuous usage depletes the concentration of mineral in soil.
(b) After growing leguminous plants, the mineral content of soil is restored and enriched to new level. Yes, the benefit of leguminous plant is the re-enrichment of soil minerals.
(c) Asha is observant, sincere and interested in applying her knowledge to situation

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CHAPTER – 15 Visualising Solid Shapes | CLASS 7TH |NCERT MATHS IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & MCQS | EDUGROWN

MATHS IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & MCQS FOR CLASS 7th

Get Chapter Wise MCQ Questions for Class 7 Maths with Answers prepared here according to the latest CBSE syllabus and NCERT curriculum. Students can practice CBSE Class 7 Maths MCQs Multiple Choice Questions with Answers to score good marks in the examination.  Students can also visit the most accurate and elaborate NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths. Every question of the textbook has been answered here.

Chapter - 15 Visualising Solid Shapes

MCQs

Question 1.
The name of the solid shape is
MCQ Questions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 15 Visualising Solid Shapes with Answers 1
(a) cone
(b) cylinder
(c) sphere
(d) cube

Answer

Answer: (b) cylinder

Question 2.
The name of the solid shape is
MCQ Questions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 15 Visualising Solid Shapes with Answers 2
(a) cuboid
(b) cube
(c) pyramid
(d) cone

Answer

Answer: (a) cuboid

Question 3.
The name of the solid shape is
MCQ Questions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 15 Visualising Solid Shapes with Answers 3
(a) cylinder
(b) cone
(c) sphere
(d) cube

Answer

Answer: (c) sphere

Question 4.
The name of the solid shape is
MCQ Questions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 15 Visualising Solid Shapes with Answers 4
(a) cube
(b) cylinder
(c) cone
(d) sphere

Answer

Answer: (a) cube

Question 5.
The name of the solid shape is
MCQ Questions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 15 Visualising Solid Shapes with Answers 5
(a) cylinder
(b) cone
(c) cuboid
(d) sphere

Answer

Answer: (b) cone

Question 6.
The name of the solid shape is
MCQ Questions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 15 Visualising Solid Shapes with Answers 6
(a) cylinder
(b) cone
(c) sphere
(d) pyramid

Answer

Answer: (d) pyramid

Question 7.
The number of vertices of a cube is
(a) 8
(b) 12
(c) 6
(d) 3

Answer

Answer: (a) 8

Question 8.
The number of edges of a cube is
(a) 8
(b) 12
(c) 6
(d) 3

Answer

Answer: (b) 12

Question 9.
The number of faces of a cube is
(a) 8
(b) 12
(c) 6
(d) 3

Answer

Answer: (c) 6

Question 10.
The number of vertices of the solid shape is
MCQ Questions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 15 Visualising Solid Shapes with Answers 7
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4

Answer

Answer: (d) 4

Question 11.
The number of faces of the solid shape is
MCQ Questions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 15 Visualising Solid Shapes with Answers 8
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4

Answer

Answer: (d) 4

Question 12.
The number of edges of the solid shape is
MCQ Questions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 15 Visualising Solid Shapes with Answers 9
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 6

Answer

Answer: (d) 6

Question 13.
The number of vertices of the solid shape is
MCQ Questions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 15 Visualising Solid Shapes with Answers 10
(a) 9
(b) 4
(c) 6
(d) 8

Answer

Answer: (a) 9

Question 14.
The number of faces of the solid shape is
MCQ Questions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 15 Visualising Solid Shapes with Answers 11
(a) 4
(b) 6
(c) 9
(d) 8

Answer

Answer: (c) 9

Question 15.
The number of edges of the solid shape is
MCQ Questions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 15 Visualising Solid Shapes with Answers 12
(a) 16
(b) 9
(c) 6
(d) 4

Answer

Answer: (a) 16

Question 16.
Two cubes of edge length 2 cm are placed side by side. The length of the resulting cuboid is
(a) 2 cm
(b) 4 cm
(c) 1 cm
(d) none of these

Answer

Answer: (b) 4 cm

Important Questions

Question 1.
If three cubes of dimensions 2 cm × 2 cm × 2 cm are placed end to end, what would be the dimension of the resulting cuboid?
Solution:
Length of the resulting cuboid = 2 cm + 2 cm + 2 cm = 6 cm
Breadth = 2 cm
Height = 2 cm
Visualising Solid Shapes Class 7 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 15 Q1
Hence the required dimensions = 6 cm × 2 cm × 2 cm.

Question 2.
Answer the following:
(i) Why a cone is not a pyramid?
(ii) How many dimension a solid have?
(iii) Name the solid having one curved and two flat faces but no vertex.
Solution:
(i) Cone is not a pyramid because its base is not a polygon.
(ii) Three.
(iii) Cylinder

Question 3.
Write down the number of edges on each of the following solid figures:
(i) Cube
(ii) Tetrahedron
(iii) Sphere
(iv) Triangular prism
Solution:
(i) 12
(ii) 6
(iii) 0
(iv) 9

Question 4.
What cross-section do you get when you give a horizontal cut to an ice cream cone?
Solution:
Circle.

Question 5.
Determine the number of edges, vertices and faces in the given figure.
Visualising Solid Shapes Class 7 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 15 Q5
Solution:
Edges = 8
Vertices = 5
Faces = 5

Question 6.
Draw the sketch of two figure that has no edge.
Solution:
Visualising Solid Shapes Class 7 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 15 Q6

Question 7.
Draw the sketches of two figures that have no vertex.
Solution:
Visualising Solid Shapes Class 7 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 15 Q7

Question 8.
Name any three objects which resemble a sphere and cone.
Solution:
Sphere: Football, Earth, Round table
Cone: Conical funnel, ice cream cone, conical cracker

Question 9.
What shape would we get from the given figure?
Visualising Solid Shapes Class 7 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 15 Q9
Solution:
From the given net, we get a rectangular pyramid.

Visualising Solid Shapes Class 7 Extra Questions Short Answer Type

Question 10.
For the solids given below sketch the front, side and top view
Visualising Solid Shapes Class 7 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 15 Q10
Solution:
Visualising Solid Shapes Class 7 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 15 Q10.1
Visualising Solid Shapes Class 7 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 15 Q10.2

Question 11.
Match the following:
Visualising Solid Shapes Class 7 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 15 Q11
Solution:
(i) → (e)
(ii) → (a)
(iii) → (b)
(iv) → (c)
(v) → (d)

Question 12.
Complete the following table:
Visualising Solid Shapes Class 7 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 15 Q12
Solution:
Visualising Solid Shapes Class 7 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 15 Q12.1

Question 13.
Draw a plan, front and side elevations of the following solids.
Visualising Solid Shapes Class 7 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 15 Q13
Solution:
Visualising Solid Shapes Class 7 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 15 Q13.1

Question 14.
Name the solid that would be formed by each net:
Visualising Solid Shapes Class 7 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 15 Q14
Solution:
(i) Triangular pyramid
(ii) Square pyramid
(iii) Hexagonal pyramid

Question 15.
Name the solids that have:
(i) 1 curved surface
(ii) 4 faces
(iii) 6 faces
(iv) 5 faces and 5 vertices
(v) 8 triangular faces
(vi) 6 triangular faces and 2 hexagonal faces.
Solution:
(i) Cylinder
(ii) Tetrahedron
(iii) Cube and cuboid
(iv) Square pyramid or rectangular pyramid
(v) Regular octahedron
(vi) Hexagonal prism.

Question 16.
Draw the top, side and front views of the given solids:
Visualising Solid Shapes Class 7 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 15 Q16
Solution:
Visualising Solid Shapes Class 7 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 15 Q16.1

Question 17.
Draw the net of a cuboid having same breadth and height, but length double the breadth.
Solution:
Visualising Solid Shapes Class 7 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 15 Q17

Question 18.
Draw the nets of the following:
(i) Triangular prisms
(ii) Tetrahedron
(iii) Cuboid.
Solution:
Visualising Solid Shapes Class 7 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 15 Q18

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CHAPTER – 14 Symmetry | CLASS 7TH |NCERT MATHS IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & MCQS | EDUGROWN

MATHS IMPORTANT QUESTIONS & MCQS FOR CLASS 7th

Get Chapter Wise MCQ Questions for Class 7 Maths with Answers prepared here according to the latest CBSE syllabus and NCERT curriculum. Students can practice CBSE Class 7 Maths MCQs Multiple Choice Questions with Answers to score good marks in the examination.  Students can also visit the most accurate and elaborate NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths. Every question of the textbook has been answered here.

Chapter - 14 Symmetry

MCQs

Question 1.
How many lines of symmetry are there in an equilateral triangle?
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4

Answer

Answer: (c) 3

Question 2.
How many lines of symmetry are there in a square?
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4

Answer

Answer: (d) 4

Question 3.
How many lines of symmetry are there in a rectangle?
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4

Answer

Answer: (b) 2

Question 4.
How many lines of symmetry are there in a regular pentagon?
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 5

Answer

Answer: (d) 5

Question 5.
How many lines of symmetry are there in a regular hexagon?
(a) 2
(b) 4
(c) 6
(d) 3

Answer

Answer: (c) 6

Question 6.
How many lines of symmetry are there in the following figure?
MCQ Questions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 14 Symmetry with Answers 1
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4

Answer

Answer: (a) 1

Question 7.
How many lines of symmetry are there in the following figure?
MCQ Questions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 14 Symmetry with Answers 2
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4

Answer

Answer: (a) 1

Question 8.
How many lines of symmetry are there in the following figure?
MCQ Questions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 14 Symmetry with Answers 3
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4

Answer

Answer: (a) 1

Question 9.
How many lines of symmetry are there in the following figure?
MCQ Questions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 14 Symmetry with Answers 4
(a) 4
(b) 3
(c) 2
(d) 1

Answer

Answer: (d) 1

Question 10.
How many lines of symmetry are there in the following figure?
MCQ Questions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 14 Symmetry with Answers 5
(a) 2
(b) 1
(c) 4
(d) 3

Answer

Answer: (b) 1

Question 11.
How many lines of symmetry are there in following figure?
MCQ Questions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 14 Symmetry with Answers 6
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) None of these

Answer

Answer: (a) 1

Question 12.
How many lines of symmetry are there in the following figure?
MCQ Questions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 14 Symmetry with Answers 7
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) Infinitely many

Answer

Answer: (d) Infinitely many

Question 13.
How many lines of symmetry are there in an isosceles triangle?
(a) 4
(b) 3
(c) 1
(d) 2

Answer

Answer: (c) 1

Question 14.
How many lines of symmetry are there in a scalene triangle?
(a) 1
(b) 0
(c) 2
(d) 4

Answer

Answer: (b) 0

Question 15.
How many lines of symmetry are there in a rhombus?
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4

Answer

Answer: (b) 2

Question 16.
How many lines of symmetry are there in a parallelogram?
(a) 0
(b) 1
(c) 2
(d) None of these

Answer

Answer: (a) 0

Question 17.
How many lines of symmetry are there in a quadrilateral?
(a) 0
(b) 2
(c) 4
(d) None of these

Answer

Answer: (a) 0

Question 18.
The order of rotational symmetry of an equilateral triangle is
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4

Answer

Answer: (c) 3

Question 19.
The order of rotational symmetry of a square is
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 4

Answer

Answer: (d) 4

Question 20.
What is the order of the rotational symmetry of the following figure?
MCQ Questions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 14 Symmetry with Answers 8
(a) 4
(b) 3
(c) 2
(d) 1

Answer

Answer: (a) 4 

Important Questions

Question 1.
Draw any two English alphabets having an only a vertical line of symmetry.
Solution:
Symmetry Class 7 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 14 Q1

Question 2.
Draw any two English alphabets having a horizontal line of symmetry.
Solution:
Symmetry Class 7 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 14 Q2

Question 3.
Draw any two English alphabets having both horizontal and vertical line of symmetry.
Solution:
Symmetry Class 7 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 14 Q3

Question 4.
Dray any two English alphabets which has no line of symmetry.
Solution:
Symmetry Class 7 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 14 Q4

Question 5.
Draw any two figures which have the order of rotational symmetry 4.
Solution:
Symmetry Class 7 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 14 Q5

Question 6.
Draw any two figures which have the order of rotational symmetry 2.
Solution:
Symmetry Class 7 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 14 Q6

Question 7.
State the order of rotational symmetry of the following figures.
Symmetry Class 7 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 14 Q7
Solution:
(i) Order of equilateral triangle = 3
(ii) Order of regular pentagon = 5.

Question 8.
Draw a figure having an infinite number of lines of symmetry.
Solution:
Symmetry Class 7 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 14 Q8
A circle has the infinite number of lines of symmetry.

Question 9.
Draw any two figure having no lines of symmetry.
Solution:
English alphabet R and P have no lines of symmetry.

Question 10.
State the English alphabet which has only the horizontal line of symmetry.
Solution:
B, C, D, E, H, I, O, X and K are the English alphabets having an only horizontal line of symmetry.

Symmetry Class 7 Extra Questions Short Answer Type

Question 11.
Give the order of rotational symmetry of each of the following figures:
Symmetry Class 7 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 14 Q11
Solution:
(a) Order of rotational symmetry = 4
(b) Order of rotational symmetry = 5
(c) Order of rotational symmetry = 3
(d) Order of rotational symmetry = 6
(e) Order of rotational symmetry = 3
(f) Order of rotational symmetry = 4

Question 12.
How many lines of symmetry do the following have:
(a) a parallelogram
(b) an equilateral triangle
(c) a right angle with equal legs
(d) an angle with equal arms
(e) a semicircle
(f) a rhombus
(g) a square
(h) scalene triangle
Solution:
Symmetry Class 7 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 14 Q12
Symmetry Class 7 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 14 Q12.1

Question 13.
What letters of the English alphabet have reflectional symmetry about
(а) a vertical mirror
(b) a horizontal mirror
(c) both horizontal and vertical mirrors
Solution:
(a) The letters of English alphabet having reflectional symmetry about a vertical mirror are:
A, H, I, M, O, T, U, V, W, X, Y
(b) Letters of the English alphabets having reflectional symmetry about a horizontal mirror are:
B, C, D, E, H, I, O, X
(c) Letters of the English alphabet having reflectional of symmetry about vertical and horizontal mirror are:
O, X, I, H.

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