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Chapter -2 A Gift of Chappals | Class 7th | NCERT English Honeycomb Solutions | Edugrown

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Chapter - 2 A Gift of Chappals

Question 1.
What is the secret that Meena shares with Mridu in the backyard ?
Answer:
Meena tells her that they had found a kitten outside the gate that morning. The small cat was lying inside a torn football lined with sacking and filled with sand. It was a secret that their mother did not know.

Question 2.
How does Ravi get milk for the kitten ?
Answer:
Ravi got the milk from Patti who wanted the tumbler back. Ravi pretended that he would wash it himself. He ran to put the milk in the coconut shell.

Question 3.
Who does he say the kitten’s ancestors are ? Do you believe him ?
Answer:
The kitten’s ancestors were Mahabalipuram Rishi-cat. No, I don’t agree to it.

Question 4.
Ravi has a lot to say about M.P. Poonai. This shows that
(i) he is merely trying to impress Mridu
(ii) his knowledge of history is sound
(iii) he has a rich imagination
(iv) he is an intelligent child.
Which of these statements do you agree/disagree to ?
Answer:
(i) I agree to he is trying to impress Mridu.

Question 5.
What was the noise that startled Mridu and frightened Mahendrar ?
Answer:
Lalli was learning to play on violin. The sound of kreech coming from it startled Mridu and frightened Mahendran.

A Gift of Chappals Comprehension check (Page – 28)

Question 1.
The music master is making lovely music. Read aloud the sentence in the text that expresses this idea.
Answer:
The music-master’s notes seemed to float up and settle perfectly in to the invisible tracks of the melody.

Question 2.
Had the beggar come to Rukku Manni’s house for the first time? Give reasons for your answer.
Answer:
No, he had been there many a time before. Mother was heard telling Ravi to send the beggar away as he had been coming everyday for the past week.

Question 3.
“A sharp V-shaped line had formed between her eyebrows.” What does it suggest to you about Rukku Manni’s mood?
Answer:
Rukku Manni was very angry at the loss of music-master’s chappals. She could make out that the children had played a trick upon her.

A Gift of Chappals Working with the text (Page-29)

Question 1.
Complete the following sentences.
(i) Ravi compares Lalli’s playing the violin to
(ii) Trying to hide beneath the tray of chillies, Mahendran
(iii) The teacher played a few notes on his violin, and Lalli
(iv) The beggar said that the kind ladies of the household
(v) After the lesson was over, the music teacher asked Lalli if
Answer:
(i) ….. the derailing of a train going completely off track.
(ii) …. tipped a few chillies over himself.
(iii) …. stumbled behind him on her violin, which looked quite helpless and unhappy in her hands.
(iv) …. had fed his body and soul together on for a whole week and he could not believe that they would turn him away.
(v) …. she had seen his chappals.

Question 2.
Describe the music teacher, as seen from the window.
Answer:
The music-master had a bald head with a fringe of oiled black hair falling around his ears. He appeared to be a skeleton-like figure. A gold chain shone on his fluffy neck and a diamond ring gleamed on his finger. He was beating his big toe on the floor frequently as the music went on.

Question 3.
(i) What makes Mridu conclude that the beggar has no money to buy chappals?
(ii) What does she suggest to show her concern ?
Answer:
(i) Mridu concluded that the beggar had no money to buy chappals as he was walking barefooted in the scorching sun. There were blisters all over his feet.
(ii) She suggests that old chappals lying in the verandah could be given to the beggar.

Question 4.
“Have you children….” she began, and then, seeing they were curiously quiet, went on more slowly, “seen anyone lurking around the verandah ?”
(i) What do you think Rukku Manni really wanted to ask?
(ii) Why did she change her question ?
(iii) What did she think had happened ?
Answer:
(i) Rukku Manni wanted to ask the children whether they had hidden the chappals anywhere.
(ii) When she saw them extremely quiet, she changed her question.
(iii) She thought that something extreme had happened in the house regarding the chappals.

Question 5.
On getting Gopu Mama’s chappals, the music teacher tried not to look too happy. Why ?
Answer:
The music-master wanted to show that he was angry on the loss of his so called new and expensive chappals. Moreover he was not happy on the behaviour of the naughty children playing in the shade in the garden.

Question 6.
On getting a gift of chappals, the beggar vanished in a minute. Why was he in such a hurry to leave ?
Answer:
He did so as he did not want any of the elder members to come and know about it. He must have feared if anyone came, they would take the chappals back from him.

Question 7.
Walking towards the kitchen with Mridu and Meena, Rukku Manni began to laugh. What made her laugh ?
Answer:
She thought that how her brother would react on knowing that she had given his chappals to the music master.

A Gift of Chappals Working with language (Page – 30)

Question 1.
Read the following sentences:
(a) If she knows we have a cat, Paati will leave the house.
(b) She won’t be so upset if she knows about the poor beggar with sores on his feet.
(c) If the chappals do fit, will you really not mind ? Notice that each sentence consists of two parts. The first part begins with ‘if’. It is known as if-clause.

Rewrite each of the following pairs of sentences as a single sentence. Use ‘if’ at the beginning of the sentence.

(a) Walk fast. You’ll catch the bus.
If you walk fast, you’ll catch the bus.

(b) Don’t spit on the road. You’ll be fined.
If you spit on the road, you’ll be fined.

(i) Don’t tire yourself now. You won’t be able to work in the evening.
(ii) Study regularly. You’ll do well in the examination.
(iii) Work hard. You’ll pass the examination in the first division.
(iv) Be polite to people. They’ll also be polite to you.
(v) Don’t tease the dog. It’ll bite you.
Answer:
(i) If you tire yourself now, you won’t be able to work in the evening.
(ii) If you study regularly, you’ll do well in the examination.
(iii) If you work hard, you’ll pass the examination in the first division.
(iv) If you are polite to people, they’ll also be polite to you.
(v) If you tease the dog, it’ll bite you.

Question 2.
Fill in the blanks in the following paragraph. Today is Sunday. I’m wondering whether I should stay at home or go out.

If I …………. (go) out, I ………….. (miss) the lovely Sunday lunch at home. If I …………….. (stay) for lunch, I………………… (miss) the Sunday film showing at Archana Theatre. I think I’ll go out and see the film, only to avoid getting too fat.
Answer:
Today is Sunday. I’m wondering whether I should stay at home or go out. If I go out, Iwill miss the lovely Sunday lunch at home. If I stay for lunch, I will miss (miss) the Sunday film showing at Archana Theatre. I think I’ll go out and see the film only to avoid getting too fat.

Question 3.
Complete each sentence below by appropriately using any one of the following:

If you want to/if you don’t want to/if you want him to

(i) Don’t go to the theatre……………
(ii) He’ll post your letter…………………..
(iii) Please use my pen …………..
(iv) He’ll lend you his umbrella……..
(v) My neighbour, Ramesh, will take you to the doctor
(vi) Don’t eat it ……
Answer:
(i) if you don’t want to (go)
(ii) if you want him to
(iii) if you want to
(iv) if you want him to
(v) if you want him to
(vi) if you don’t want to

A Gift of Chappals Speaking and Writing (Page – 31)

Question 1.
Discuss in sm all groups.
(i) If you want to give away something of your own to the needy, would it be better to ask your elders first ?
(ii) Is there someone of your age in the family who is very talkative ? Do you find her/ him interesting and impressive or otherwise ? Share your ideas with others in t group.
(iii) Has Rukku Manni done exactly the same as the children? In your opinion, then, is it right for one party to blame the other ?
Answer:
(i) Of course, the elders must be asked before doing a charity whether it is our own as we’re not still earning members of the family. They provide the thing for our own use to give us extra facility.

(ii) Our mama is a talkative fellow, but he is not the headache of the family. His titbits thrill us in our pensive mood sometimes. He narrates us many interesting incidents to feel us light on our work load.

(iii) No doubt Rukku Manni was angry at the children who had given away the chappals to the beggar. To cover it up, she also gave away Gopu Mama’s chappals to the music master. In a sense, she did the same as the children had done. I feel that one party should not blame the other for the same action.

Question 2.
Read the following :

(i) A group of children in your class are going to live in a hostel.
(ii) They have been asked to choose a person in the group to share a room with.
(iii) They are asking each other questions to decide who they would like to share a room with. Ask one another questions about likes/dislikes/preferences/hobbies/personal characteristics. Use the following questions and sentence openings.

(i) What do you enjoy doing after school ?
I enjoy…

(ii) What do you like in general ?
I like…

(iii) Do you play any game?
I don’t like…

(iv) Would you mind if I listened to music after dinner ?
I wouldn’t…

(v) Will it be all right if I… ?
It’s fine with me…

(vi) Is there anything you dislike, particularly ?
Well, I can’t share…

(vii) Do you like to attend parties ?
Oh, I…

(viii) Would you say you are…?
I think…
Answer:
(i) I enjoy going for evening games with the friends.
(ii) I like reading books specially mysterious tales.
(iii) I don’t like to play expensive and outdoor games.
(iv) I wouldn’t mind if you listened to it in a slow volume.
(v) It is fine with me till you listen to cricket commentary.
(vi) Well, I can’t share my views on this topic.
(vii) Oh, I relish parties for the variety of food.
(viii) I think I am a helping hand for the needy students.

A Gift of Chappals Introduction

A gift is some kind of a thing that serves the others’ motive. When we give something to the other needy, we feel that it’ll suit the other person in his need. But it would be better to ask our elders first before we want to give away something of our own to the needy. It is really a touching story of Ravi who gave away the chappals to the beggar.

A Gift of Chappals Word Notes

A Gift of Chappals Complete hindi translation

Mridu …………… and Meena. (Page 18)

मृदु मद्रास (अब चेन्नई) में बड़ी हो रही एक छोटी लड़की है जो तापी, उसकी दादी तथा उसके दादा थाथा के साथ रहती है। एक दोपहर बाद, तापी उसे अपनी मौसी रूक्कू मनी के घर अपनी मौसेरी बहनों लल्ली, रवि व मीना से मिलने ले जाती है।

Part-I

1. A smiling have a cat.” (Pages 18-19)

रूक्कू मनी ने मुस्कुराते हुए दरवाजा खोला। रवि और मीना दौड़कर बाहर आये और रवि ने मृदु को घर में अन्दर खींचा। “ठहरो, मुझे अपनी चप्पलें उतारने दो।” मृदु ने रोका। उसने उन्हें बड़ी सफाई के साथ एक जोड़ी बड़ी चप्पलों के पास रखा।वे रेत के कारण काली पड़ गई थीं। प्रत्येक चप्पल के अग्रभाग पर पंजे के निशान स्पष्ट नजर आ रहे थे। दो बड़े अंगूठों के निशान जो लम्बे तथा पतले थे।

मृदु के पास इस बात को आश्चर्य करने का समय नहीं था कि वे चप्पलें किसकी थीं, क्योंकि रवि उसे खींचते हुए घर के पिछले भाग में यानि कडुवी सरसफल की झाड़ियों के पीछे ले गया था। वहाँ, एक फटी हुई टाट के जोड़ और रेत से भरी हुई एक फुटबाल के अन्दर बिल्ली का बहुत छोटा एक बच्चा लेटा हुआ था, जो नारियल के आधे खोल में से दूध पी रहा था। “हमने सुबह गेट के बाहर पाया था। वह बेचारा म्याऊँ म्याऊँ कर रहा था।” मीना ने कहा। “यह एक रहस्य है। अम्मा कहता है कि पाती (दादी) को यदि पता चला कि हमारे पास बिल्ली का बच्चा है तो वह पढ़े मामा के घर चली जायेगी।”

2. “People are. …..Mahendran.” (Pages 19-20)

“लोग हमेशा हमें कहते हैं कि जानवरों के साथ दया दिखाएँ परन्तु जब हम करते हैं, तो वे चिल्लाते हैं। “ओह, इतने गन्दे जानवर को यहाँ मत लाओ।” रवि बोला। “क्या तुम जानते हो कि रसोई से थोड़ा-सा दूध लाने में कितनी मुश्किल हुई? पाती ने मेरे हाथ में एक गिलास देख लिया था। मैंने उन्हें बताया कि मुझे बहुत भूख लगी है, मैं इसे पीना चाहता हूँ, परन्तु जैसे वह मुझे देख रही थी! मुझे उसका शक दूर करने के लिये काफी सारा पीना पड़ा। फिर वह बर्तन को वापस रखना चाहती थी। “पाती, पाती, मैं इसे अपने आप धो दूंगा, मैं आपको तकलीफ क्यों हूँ। मैंने उसे कहा। मुझे भाग कर वह दूध इस नारियल के खोखे में डालना पड़ा और फिर वापस भागकर उस बर्तन को धोकर और उसे माँ के संदेह करने से पहले वापस रखना पड़ा। अब हमें महेन्द्रन को खिलाने के लिये कोई और तरीका ढूँढ़ना होगा।”

3. Mahendran …………. .Egypt! (Page 20)

“महेन्द्रन ? इस छोटी बिल्ली का नाम महेन्द्रन है?” मृदु प्रभावित हुई थी! यह वास्तविक नाम था-न कि किसी बिल्ली के बच्चे का नाम। “वास्तव में, उसका पूरा नाम महेन्द्र वर्मा पल्लव पुनई है। यदि तुम्हें पसंद हो तो संक्षेप में एम.पी. पुनई। यह बिल्ली की एक शानदार नस्ल है। जरा इसके बाल देखो! शेर के अयाल की तरह! और तुम जानती हो कि पुरातन पल्लव राजाओं का राज चिह्न क्या था, क्या नहीं जानती?” उसने आशापूर्वक मृदु की ओर देखा। “सोचती हो मैं मज़ाक कर रहा हूँ? खैर, जरा रुको।

मैं तुम्हें कुछ दिखाता हूँ। यह स्पष्ट है कि तुम इतिहास के बारे म कुछ भी नहीं जानती। कभी महाबलीपुरम नहीं गई?” उसने रहस्यमय ढंग से पूछा। “खैर, जब हमारी कक्षा महाबलीपुरम गई थी, मैंने इसके थाथा के थाथा के थाथा के थाथा के थाथा आदि-आदि का पुतला देखा था। तथ्य यह है कि महेन्द्रन उसी प्राचीन बिल्ली का उत्तराधिकारी है। एक नज़दीकी रिश्तेदार, वैज्ञानिक तरीके से बोले तो एक शेर की भाँति। एक पल्लव शेर, पल्लव साम्राज्य का प्रतीक।” रवि बोलता रहा, कड़वी-सरसफल झाड़ी के चारों तरफ टहलते हुए, एक टहनी को ऊपर नीचे हिलाते हुए और अपनी आँखों में चमक के साथ। यह बिल्ली और कोई नहीं बल्कि महाबलीपुरम् की ऋषि-बिल्ली की उत्तराधिकारी है। और यदि मैं तुम्हें स्मरण दिला पाऊँ, प्राचीन मिस्र में बिल्लियों को पूजा जाता था।

4. How he…… ….with himself. (Page 21)

अपनी आवाज से कितना प्यार करता था वह! मीना तथा मृदु ने एक दूसरे की ओर देखा। “उसका किसी और चीज से क्या लेना देना?” मृदु ने पूछा। “हूँ…….मैं तुम्हें बता रहा हूँ कि यह बिल्ली उत्तराधिकारी……. मिन के बिल्ली देवता की नहीं। देवी! बास्टेट! हाँतो……..”
“तो?” “खैर, इस बिल्ली-देवी की एक उत्तराधिकारी ने पल्लवों के जहाजों में से एक में छिपकर यात्रा की और उसके उत्तराधिकारी थे महाबलीपुरम के ऋषि-बिल्ली, जिसके उत्तराधिकारी हैं-” रवि ने अपनी टहनी महेन्द्रन की ओर करते हुए कहा, “एम.पी. पुनई। वाह……!!” वह चीखा, अपने आप से बेहद खुश होकर।

5. Mahendran….. ………… off track! (Page 21)

महेन्द्रन ने चौंककर ऊपर देखा। वह अपने पंजे नारियल के खोखे के किनारों पर पैने कर रहा था। परन्तु रवि की घटिया वाह……से ज्यादा बुरी थी एक ‘क्री…….च!’ जो खिड़की से आई। कितनी गंदी आवाज है! यदि मृदु हैरान थी तो एम पी पुनई उसके मज़ाक से डरी थी। बाल के रौंये खड़े करके वह कूदी और लाल मिर्ची भरी बाँस की एक ट्रे जो सूखने के लिए रखी गई थी उसकी ओर दौड़ी। उसके नीचे छिपने के प्रयास में, उसने कुछ मिर्ची अपने ऊपर डालीं। म्याऊँ…..।” वह गुर्रायी। क्रीच की आवाज बढ़ती गई। “यह आवाज कैसी है?” मृदु बोली। “यह लाली है जो वायलिन बजाना सीख रही है।” रवि गुर्रायी सी आवाज में बोला। “वह कभी कुछ नहीं सीख पायेगी। संगीत शिक्षक रेल की सनसनाहट के साथ बजाते ही चले जाते हैं जबकि लाली हर समय पटरी से उतरती रहती है। पथ से हमेशा नीचे उतरी सी रहती है।”

Part-II

1. Mridu crept …….. ……………big toe. (Page 22)

मृदु खिड़की पर रेंगकर गई। लाली कुछ दूरी पर अपने हाथ में विचित्र तरीके से वायलिन और उसकी तार पकड़े हुए, अपनी कोहनियों को बाहर निकालकर और ध्यानपूर्वक अपनी दृष्टि गढ़ाये बैठी थी। उसके सामने अपनी सारी पीठ खिड़की की ओर किए, एक पतला दुबला संगीत शिक्षक बैठा था। उसका सिर गंजा था जिस पर तेल लगे काले बालों की एक झालर (लट) उसके कानों के चारों ओर गिरी थी। उसकी मोटी गर्दन में सोने की चेन चमक रही थी, और हाथ में हीरे की अंगूठी थी-जब वह वायलिन बजाने के लिए अपने हाथ ऊपर नीचे गिराता था। उसकी सुनहरी काली किनारे वाली धोती के नीचे उसका एक बड़ा पाँव नजर आ रहा था, और वह समय-समय पर उस दुबले से पाँव से जमीन को पीटता था।

2. He played …… …Tapi. (Pages 22-24)

उसने कुछ सुर बजाये। लाली ने अपनी वायलिन पर उन्हें उतारने का प्रयास किया जो उसके हाथों में असहाय व नाखुश प्रतीत हो रही थी। कितना अंतर है! संगीत शिक्षक के सुर तैरकर बिल्कुल सही प्रकार संगीत में समाते हुए लगते थे। वे ऐसे लगते थे कि जैसे रेलगाड़ी के पहिए पटरी पर आराम से जम जाते हैं और उसके साथ-साथ चलते हैं, जैसा रवि ने कहा था। मृदु उन अंगूठी वाले बड़े हाथों को वायलिन पर बिना परिश्रम के मधुर संगीत पैदा करते देख रही थी। “लो, लाली फिर पटरी से उतर गई।” “अम्मा!” दरवाजे से एक आवाज आई। “अम्मा-ओ!” “रवि, इस भिखारी को भगा दो!” उसकी माँ पिछवाड़े से चिल्लाई, जहाँ वह तापी के साथ बतिया रही थी। “वह गत सप्ताह से प्रतिदिन चला आ रहा है और अब उसे कोई दूसरे घर से भिक्षा लेनी चाहिए!” पाती ने तापी को विस्तार से समझाया।

3. Mridu and ….. ………………betel-chewing. (Page 24)

मृदु और मीना रवि के पीछे-पीछे बाहर गईं। भिखारी पहले से ही अपने आप को आराम देते हुए बगीचे में बैठ गया था। उसने अपना अंगोछा नीम के पेड़ के नीचे बिछा दिया था और तने के सहारे भीख मिलने के इंतजार में एक छोटी-सी झपकी की तैयारी करने लगा। “चले जाओ!” रवि ने रुखे स्वर से कहा। “मेरी पाती कहती है कि अब समय है कि तुम अपने लिए कोई दूसरा घर ढूँढ़ लो!”

भिखारी ने अपनी आँखें चौड़ी की और एक-एक करके बच्चों को देखने लगा। “इस घर की महिलाएँ,” आखिरकार भावनाओं से आवाज रुद्ध करते हुए बोला, “बहुत दयालु हैं, मैंने पूरे हफ्ते तक अपना शरीर और आत्मा इनके परोपकार पर रखा। मुझे यकीन नहीं हो रहा है कि वे मुझे भगा देगीं।” उसने अपनी आवाज़ ऊँची की। “अम्मा! अम्मा-ओ!” उसकी आवाज़ चाहे उदास हो परन्तु कमज़ोर नहीं। उसके खाली पेट में कहीं ज़ोर से गड़गड़ाहट होने लगी और उसके मुँह से तम्बाकू चबाने से निशान पड़े हुए दाँतों को दिखाते हुए वह बाहर आने लगी।

4. Ravi,…… … and Meena’s. (Pages 24-25)

“रवि, उसे बता दो कि रसोई में कुछ नहीं बचा।” रूक्कू मनी चिल्लाई। “और उसे बता दो कि वह वापस कभी ना आए।” वह चिढ़चिढ़ाते हुए बोली। रवि को फिर से दोहराने की जरूरत नहीं पड़ी। जो उसकी माँ ने कहा वह उन सब को उस नीम के पेड़ के नीचे तक आराम से सुनाई पड़ गया। भिखारी बैठ गया और उच्छवास ली। “मैं चला जाऊँगा! मैं चला जाऊँगा!” उसने क्रोधपूर्वक कहा, “बस मुझे यहाँ पेड़ के नीचे थोड़ा आराम करने दो। सूर्य चमक रहा है, सड़क पर आग बरस रही है। मेरे पाँव में पहले ही छाले पड़े हैं।”

उसने अपने पैर फैलाकर बड़े-बड़े गुलाबी छाले उन पर दिखाये।“मुझे लगता है कि उसके पास चप्पल खरीदने के लिए भी पैसे नहीं हैं,” मृदु ने मीना और रवि को धीरे से कहा “क्या तुम्हारे पास घर में कोई पुरानी जोड़ी चप्पल पड़े हैं?” “मुझे नहीं पता”, रवि बोला, “मेरी चप्पलें उसके पाँवों के लिए काफी छोटी हैं वरना मैं उसे ये दे देता।” और उसके पाँव मृदु और मीना के पाँवों से बड़े थे।

5. The beggar ………. house (Page 25)

भिखारी अपने लबादे को झाड़ते हुए अपनी धोती बांधने लगा। उसने अपनी नजरें उठाईं और भयवश सड़क की ओर देखा, जो दोपहर की गर्मी में चमक रही थी।“उसे अपने पाँवों के लिए कुछ चाहिए।” मीना ने कहा, उसकी बड़ी आँखें भर गईं। “यह ठीक नहीं है।” “श्श!” रवि बोला! “मैं इसके बारे में सोच रहा हूँ। यूँ रोने से यह ठीक नहीं है, यह ठीक नहीं है? इससे कुछ न होगा। अगले दो मिनटों में इसके पाँव सड़कों पर झुलस जायेंगे। इसे जिस चीज की जरूरत है वह एक जोड़ी चप्पल है। कहाँ से मिलेगी हमें? आओ, घर में ढूंढे ।” उसने मृदु और मीना को घर के अन्दर धकेला।

6. Just as….. …………… the garden.(Page 25)

जैसे ही उसने बरामदे में कदम रखा उसकी नजरें उन अजीब सी दिखने वाली चप्पलों पर पड़ी जिन्हें उसने तब देखा था, जब वह आई थी। “रवि!” वह धीरे से बोली, “ये किसकी हैं?”
रवि मुड़ा और भद्दी सी दिखने वाली परन्तु पुरानी मजबूत चप्पलों की तरफ देखा। वह झुका और उसने सिर हिलाया। “ये बिल्कुल सही माप की हैं,” वह उन्हें उठाते हुए बोला। घबराते हुए मृदु और मीना ने उसके पीछे पीछे बगीचे में वापिस कदम रखे।

7. “Here!” said………… …………them. (Page 26)

“लो!” रवि ने भिखारी के सामने चप्पलें फेंकते हुए कहा, “इन्हें पहन लो और फिर वापिस मत आना।” भिखारी ने चप्पलों की ओर देखा, अपना तौलिया जल्दी से कंधे पर डाला, अपने पैर चप्पलों में फंसाये और बच्चों को आशीष देते हुए चला गया। एक मिनट भर में ही वह गली के कोने से गायब हो गया। . संगीत-शिक्षक घर से बाहर आया और तीनों बच्चों की ओर जो पेड़ के नीचे बैठे कंचे खेल रहे थे, रूखी नजरों से देखा। फिर उसने अपनी चप्पलों को वहाँ ढूँढ़ा जहाँ उसने उन्हें उतारा था।

8. “Lalli!”….. …………..following her (Page 26)

“लाली!” उसने कुछ क्षणों बाद पुकारा। वह जल्दी से उसके पास आई। “क्या तुमने मेरी चप्पलें देखी हैं, बेटी? मुझे याद है कि मैंने उन्हें यहाँ उतारा था।” रवि, मृदु और मीना ने चुपचाप लाली को देखा और संगीत शिक्षक ने बरामदे के प्रत्येक कोने को देखा। उसने बुद्धिमानी से चारों ओर देखा, रैलिंग के ऊपर देखा और गमलों के बीच में भी झाँका। “बिल्कुल नई थीं, वे! मैं माउन्ट रोड जाकर उन्हें खरीद कर लाया था।” वह बोलता गया। “तुम्हें पता है वे मुझे पूरे महीने की तनख्वाह के बराबर पड़ी थी।” ।
शीघ्र ही लाली अपनी माँ को यह बताने अन्दर चली गई। परेशान सी रूक्कू मनी आई। उसके साथ पाती भी थी।

9. “Where could…………………………….tell herself. (Pages 26-27)

“वे कहाँ हो सकती हैं? यह सोचना भी सचमुच बेहद दुख की बात है कि किसी ने उन्हें चुराया है। कितने सारे फेरीवाले दरवाजे पर आते रहते हैं,” पाती ने चिन्ता की। रूक्कू मनी ने रवि, मृदु और मीना को पेड़ के नीचे बैठे देखा। “बच्चो, क्या तुमने ……” उसने कहना शुरू किया, वह तब उन्हें अत्यधिक चुप देखकर धीरे से बोली, “किसी को बरामदे में घूमते हुए देखा है?” उसकी पलकों के बीच एक वी-आकार उभर आया। उसके नर्म सुन्दर मुख की बजाय एक सीधा कसा हुआ मुख उभर आया। रूक्कू मनी गुस्से में थी। मृदु ने काँपते हुए सोचा। वह बुरा नहीं मानेगी, यदि उसे पता चलेगा कि उस गरीब भिखारी के घाव भरे पाँवों के बारे में जानेगी, उसने स्वयं बताने की कोशिश की।

10. Taking a deep…. ……………his own.” (Page 27)

गहरी साँस लेकर, वह बोली, “रूक्कू मनी, यहाँ एक भिखारी आया था। बेचारे के पाँव में इतने छाले थे!” “तो?” रूक्कू मनी ने गंभीर होकर रवि की ओर मुड़ते हुए कहा, “तुमने संगीत शिक्षक की चप्पलें उस भिखारी को दे दी जो यहाँ आया था?” “बच्चो, आजकल……,” पाती गुर्रायी। ‘अम्मा, क्या आपने हमें कर्ण के बारे में नहीं बताया था जिसने अपनी सारी चीजें, सोने के अपने कुंडल भी दान में दे दिए थे, वह कितना दयालु और परोपकारी थी।” “बेवकूफ!” रूक्कू मनी चिल्लायी, “कर्ण ने किसी दूसरे की चीजें दान में नहीं दी थीं, वह केवल अपनी ही चीजें देता था।”

11. “But my chappals…….. ……….minute.” (Page 27)

“परंतु मेरी चप्पलें भिखारी को पूरी नहीं आती….।” रवि ने जल्दी में कहा। “और अम्मा, यदि वे आ जाती तो क्या आप बुरा नहीं मानती?” “रवि!” रूक्कू मनी अब अधिक क्रोध में थी, “इसी समय अंदर जाओ।” .

12. She hurried….. ………..leave quickly. (Pages 27-28)

वह शीघ्रता से अन्दर गई और गोपू मामा की, कभी-कभार पहनी हुई, नई चप्पलें ले आई। “ये आपको आ जानी चाहिए, सर। कृपया इन्हें पहन लीजिए। मुझे माफ कीजिए। मेरा बेटा बहुत शरारती है।” संगीत-शिक्षक की आँखें चमक उठीं। उसने उन्हें पहन लिया, यह जताते हुए मानो वह खुश नहीं हो। “खैर, मुझे लगता है ये ठीक है। आजकल बच्चों को बड़ों का आदर-सम्मान नहीं है, क्या करें? हनुमान के दूत……. केवल राम ही इन शैतानों से बचा सकते हैं।” रुक्कू मनी की आँखें चौंध गईं। उसे रवि को बंदर कहलवाना अच्छा नहीं लगा भले ही वह पवित्र भाव में हो। वह सीधी दरवाजे पर खड़ी रही। साफ था कि वह उसे जल्दी से बाहर भेजना चाहती थी।

13. When.. …..music-master?” (Page 28)

जब वह अपनी नई चप्पलें पहनकर चला गया, वह बोली, “मृदु, अन्दर जाकर कुछ खा लो। सच बताओ, तुम बच्चे ऐसी बातें सोच कैसे लेते हो? शुक्र है कि तुम्हारे गोपू मामा ये चणले काम पर पहन कर नहीं जाते-” रसोई की ओर मृदु और मीना के साथ जाते-जाते वह अचानक हँसने लगी। “परंतु वह हमेशा, जैसे ही घर में आते हैं, अपने जूते जुराबे उतारकर चप्पलें पहनने की जल्दी करते हैं। तुम्हारे मामा आज शाम को क्या कहेंगे, जब मैं उन्हें बताऊँगी कि मैंने उनकी चप्पलें संगीत-शिक्षक को दे दी हैं?”

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Chapter -1 Three Questions | Class 7th | NCERT English Honeycomb Solutions | Edugrown

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 English Honeycomb

Question 1.
Why did the King want to know answers to three questions ?
Answer:
The King thought that he would never fail if he knew the right answers to the three questions.

Question 2.
Messengers were sent throughout the kingdom
(i) to fetch wisemen
(ii) to find answers to the questions
(iii) to look for the wise hermit
(iv) to announce a reward for those who could answer the questions. Mark your choice.
Answer:
Messengers were sent throughout the kingdom to announce a reward for those who could answer the questions.

Three Questions Comprehension check (Page – 14)

Complete the following sentences by adding the appropriate parts of the sentences given in the box.

1. Many wisemen answered the king’s questions, ………………
2. Someone suggested that there should be a council of wise men
3. Someone else suggested that the king should have a timetable………………
4. The king requested the hermit ………………
5. The king washed and dressed the bearded man’s wound,………………

but the bleeding would not stop.
to answer three questions.
but their answers were so varied that the king was not satisfied.
and follow it strictly.
to help the king act at the right time.

Answer:
1. Many wise men answered the kings questions, but their answers were so varied that the king was not satisfied.
2. Someone suggested that there should be a council of wise men to help the king at the right time.
3. Someone else suggested that the king should have a time table and follow it strictly.
4. The king requested the hermit to answer three questions.
5. The king washed and dressed the bearded man’s wound, but the bleeding would not stop.

Three Questions Working with the text (Page-14)

Answer the following questions :

Question 1.
Why was the King advised to go to magicians ?
Answer:
In order to decide the right time to do something, one needs to know the future and that could be done by magicians only. So the king was advised to go to magicians.

Question 2.
In answer to the second question, whose advice did the people say would be important to the King ?
Answer:
To answer the second question, the advice of councillors, or doctors and priests, would be important.

Question 3.
What suggestions were made in answer to the third question ?
Answer:
A few suggestions were made in answer to the third question. The most important thing was suggested to be science, fighting and moreover religious worship.

Question 4.
Did the wise men win the reward ? If not, why not?
Answer:
The wise men did not win the reward as they gave different answers to his questions.

Question 5.
How did the king and the hermit help the wounded man?
Answer:
The King with the help of hermit removed the wounded man’s clothes, washed his wound and covered it with his handkerchief. He redressed it till the blood stopped flowing.

Question 6.
(i) Who was the bearded man ?
(ii) Why did he ask for the King’s foregiveness ?
Answer:
(i) The bearded man was the sworn enemy of the king who had put bearded man’s brother to death. He had taken away all his property, too.
(ii) He had sworn revenge on the king. But the king had saved his life by dressing his wound. The bearded man felt grateful and asked for forgiveness.

Question 7.
The king forgave the bearded man. What did he do to show his forgiveness ?
Answer:
To show his forgiveness, the king promised to send his servants and doctor to look after him. He was happy to have made peace with the enemy. The king also promised to return his property.

Question 8.
What were the hermit’s answers to the three questions? Write each answer separately. Which answer do you like most, and why ?
Answer:
(i) The most important time was when the King was digging the beds for the hermit. The hermit then was the most important man, and the most important business was to help the hermit.
(ii) The most important time was when the king was dressing the man’s wounds. The bearded man was the most important person, and the service given to that man was King’s most important business.

(iii) The most important time is ‘present. The most important person is with when one is at the moment. To do a good deed to the person is the most important business. I feel the third answer is the most appropriate one. If we do the right at the present moment, everything will be ‘all right in future.

Three Questions Working with language (Page – 15)

Question 1.
Match items in List A with their meanings in List B. fainted : lost consciousness

A	B
(i) wounded	got up from sleep
(ii) awoke	give back
(iii) forgive	small patches of ground for plants
(iv) faithful	severely injured
(v) pity	pardon
(vi) beds	loyal
(vii) return	feel sorry for

Use any three of the above words in sentences of your own. You may change the form of the word.

A	B
(i) wounded	severely injured
(ii) awoke	got up from sleep
(iii) forgive	pardon
(iv) faithful	loyal
(v) pity	feel sorry for
(vi) beds	small patches of ground for plants
(vii) return	give back

Words in sentences :

(i) I took pity on a wounded bird.
(ii) The dog is a faithful animal.
(iii) Please plant the saplings in the beds.

Question 2.
Each of the following sentences has two blanks. Fill in the blanks with appropriate forms of the word given in brackets.

He has ………………. to help me. Do you think he will remember his ……………. ? (promise)
He has promised to help me. Do you think he will remember his promise ?

(i) The …………………..said that only fresh evidence would make him change his ………….. (judge)
(ii) I didn’t notice any serious………………. Of opinion among the debaters, although
they …………………..from one another over small points. (differ)
(iii) It’s a fairly simple question to ………….., but will you accept my ………….as final ? (answer)
(iv) It isn’t. ……………….. that ……………………should always be the mother of invention. (necessary)
(v) Hermits are…….. ………… men. How they acquire their …… no one can tell. (wise)
(vi) The committee has ……… ……….. to make Jagdish captain of the team. The …………….. is likely to please everyone. (decide)
(vii) Asking for…………………….. is as noble as willingness to ……..
(forgive)
Answer:
(i) judge, judgement.
(ii) difference, differed
(iii) answer, answer
(iv) necessary, necessity
(v) wise, wisdom
(vi) decided, decision
(vii) foregiveness, forgive

Three Questions Speaking and Writing (Page – 16)

Question 1.
Imagine you are the King. Narrate the incident of your meeting the hermit. Begin like this :
The wise men answered my questions, but I was not satisfied with their answers. One day I decided to go and meet the hermit….
Answer:
The wise men answered my questions, but I was not satisfied with their answer. One day I decided to go and meet the hermit who was known for his wisdom. When I reached his hut, he was digging the earth. He greeted me and kept digging. I put my questions before him but he even kept mum.

He was feeling tired. I took the spade and started digging for him. I repeated my request for answering the questions. Just then a bearded man came there. I had to redress his wound and consoled him. The hermit served him with food and shelter. Before coming back, I repeated my questions to the hermit. At last the sage gave answers to my satisfaction. I have made peace with my enemy by then.

Question 2.
Imagine you are the hermit. Write briefly the incident of your meeting the king. Begin like this :
One day I was digging in my garden. A man in ordinary clothes came to see me. I knew it was the king…
Answer:
One day I was digging in my garden. A man in ordinary clothes came to see me. I knew it was the King, but kept digging. I worked hard and got tired. He put three questions before me to answer, but I kept mum. He asked me to give my spade and he started digging.

Just then I saw a bearded man coming and made the king turn around. I with the help of king dressed the wounded bearded man and took him in the hut. I served him with food and he slept. The king repeated his questions. Only then I gave the answers to his satisfaction. He regarded me with a bow head and went to his capital.

Three Questions Introduction

Once a king wanted to know the answers to three questions. He thought that he would never fail if he knew three such questions’ awswers. How he got the answers is the basic theme of Leo Tolstoy’s story “Three Questions. The answers to the questions ennoble the king and he knew what the life sought him for doing the noble work for his subjects.

Three Questions Word Notes

Three Questions Complete Hindi Translation

Part-I

A king has ……….. ………….wants? (Page 7)

एक राजा के पास तीन प्रश्न हैं और वह उनके उत्तर जानने को उत्सुक है। वे प्रश्न क्या हैं? क्या राजा को वह सब कुछ प्राप्त होता है जो वह चाहता है?

1. The thought…. ……………..differently. (Page 7)

किसी राजा को यह विचार आया कि वह कभी असफल नहीं होगा। यदि उसे तीन बातों के बारे में जानकारी होगी। वे तीन बातें थीं: किसी कार्य को शुरू करने का सही समय क्या है? किन लोगों को उसे सुनना चाहिए? कौन-सा कार्य करना उसके लिए अति महत्त्वपूर्ण है? अतः राजा ने अपने संदेशवाहकों को राज्य भर में भेजा और एलान करवा दिया कि जो व्यक्ति इन तीन प्रश्नों के उत्तर देगा उसे भारी धन दिया जाएगा। अनेक बुद्धिमान व्यक्ति राजा के पास आये, परंतु उन्होंने सभी प्रश्नों के उत्तर अलग ढंग से दिये।

2. In reply …… …….. every action. (Pages 7-8)

पहले प्रश्न के उत्तर में, कुछ ने कहा कि राजा को एक समय सारिणी तैयार करनी चाहिए, और तब उसका सख्ती से पालन करना चाहिए। केवल इसी तरीके से, उन्होंने कहा, कि वह सभी कार्य सही समय पर कर पायेंगे। कुछ अन्यों ने कहा कि पहले से ही यह निर्णय कर लेना असंभव था कि किसी कार्य को करने के लिए सही समय कौन सा होना चाहिए। राजा को अपने चारों ओर की स्थिति पर ध्यान देना होगा, मूर्खता भरे विलासी कार्यों से बचना होगा, और वह सदा उसी कार्य को करे जो उस समय आवश्यक हो। अन्य लोगों ने कहा कि राजा को बुद्धिमान लोगों की एक समिति की जरूरत है जो उसे सही समय पर कार्य करने में सहायता दें। इसका कारण यह था कि कोई एक व्यक्ति दूसरे लोगों की सहायता के बिना किसी भी कार्य को करने का सही समय तय नहीं कर सकता।

3. By then …………………….. religious worship. (Page 8)

पर अन्य व्यक्ति बोले कि कुछ कार्य बेहद जरूरी भी हो सकते हैं। ये कार्य समिति के निर्णय की प्रतीक्षा नहीं कर सकते। किसी भी कार्य को करने के लिए सही समय का निर्णय लेने के लिए यह आवश्यक है कि भविष्य की जानकारी हो। और ऐसा केवल जादूगर ही कर सकते हैं। इस कारण, राजा को जादूगरों के पास जाना होगा। दूसरे प्रश्न के उत्तर में कुछेक ने बताया कि राजा के लिए सर्वाधिक महत्त्वपूर्ण लोग उसके सभासद हैं; अन्य ने बताया कि पुजारी हैं। कुछ ने डॉक्टरों को चुना। और अन्य लोगों ने कहा कि सैनिक ही उसके लिए बेहद जरूरी व्यक्ति हैं। तीसरे प्रश्न के उत्तर में कुछ ने विज्ञान को कहा। अन्य ने युद्ध लड़ने को चुना तथा कुछ अन्य ने धार्मिक पूजापाठ को महत्त्वपूर्ण बताया।

4. As the.. …heavily. (Pages 8-9)

चूंकि सभी प्रश्नों के उत्तर इतने अधिक अलग थे, राजा को संतुष्टि प्राप्त नहीं हुई और उसने कोई भी पुरस्कार नहीं दिया। इसके अतिरिक्त, उसने एक संन्यासी के पास सलाह के लिए जाने का निर्णय लिया। वह संन्यासी अपनी बुद्धिमत्ता के लिए दूर-दूर तक जाना जाता था।
वह संन्यासी जंगल में रहता था और उससे बाहर कभी नहीं आता था। वह केवल आम लोगों से मिलता था। इसी कारण राजा ने आम वस्त्र पहने। उस संन्यासी की झोंपड़ी पर पहुंचने से पहले ही राजा ने अपना घोड़ा अंगरक्षक के पास छोड़ दिया, और अकेला ही पैदल झोंपड़ी के निकट गया। जब राजा संन्यासी की झोंपड़ी के पास पहुंचा तो उसने संन्यासी को झोंपड़ी के सामने की भूमि को खोदते हुए पाया। उसने राजा का सत्कार किया और अपनी खुदाई जारी रखी। संन्यासी काफी बूढ़ा और कमजोर था, और कार्य करते समय वह हाँफने लगा था।

5. The king. ……….. ………….. ground. (Page 9)

राजा संन्यासी के पास गया और बोला, “हे बुद्धिमान संन्यासी, मैं आपके पास आया हूँ ताकि आप मेरे तीन प्रश्नों के उत्तर दे सकें: मैं कैसे पता लगाऊँ कि सही कार्य करने का सही समय कौन-सा है? किन व्यक्तियों की मुझे सबसे अधिक जरूरत है? और कौन से कार्य सबसे महत्त्वपूर्ण हैं?” संन्यासी ने राजा को सुना, परंतु कुछ न बोला। वह खुदाई करता रहा। “आप थक गये हैं,” राजा बोला, “मुझे फावड़ा दीजिए और अपने स्थान पर मुझे कार्य करने दें।” “धन्यवाद”, संन्यासी ने कहा, और राजा को अपना फावड़ा दे दिया। तब वह भूमि पर ही बैठ गया।

6. When the ….. ….the hermit. (Page 10)

जब राजा ने दो क्यारियाँ खोद दी, तो उसने कार्य रोका और अपने प्रश्नों को दोहराया। संन्यासी ने कोई उत्तर नहीं दिया, परंतु खड़ा हो गया, फावड़े के लिए अपने हाथ फैलाये, और बोला, “अब आप आराम कीजिए, और मुझे कार्य करने दीजिए।”परंतु राजा ने फावड़ा नहीं दिया और उसने खुदाई जारी रखी। एक घंटा बीता, तब दूसरा घंटा भी बीत गया। सूर्य पेड़ों के पीछे अस्त हो गया, और अंत में राजा ने फावड़ा जमीन पर अटका दिया और बोला, “हे बुद्धिमान व्यक्ति, मैं आपके पास अपने प्रश्नों के उत्तर जानने के लिए आया था। यदि आप मुझे उत्तर नहीं दे सकते, तो कह दीजिए और मैं घर लौट जाऊंगा।” “देखो कोई व्यक्ति दौड़ा चला आ रहा है,” संन्यासी ने कहा।

Part -II

1. The king ……..stopped. (Pages 10-11)

राजा पीछे मुड़ा तथा उसने एक दाढ़ी वाले व्यक्ति को दौड़कर उनकी ओर आते हुए देखा। अपने हाथों से उसने अपने पेट को दबा रखा था जिससे खून बह रहा था। जब वह राजा के पास पहुँचा तो बेहोश होकर भूमि पर गिर गया। राजा तथा संन्यासी ने उस व्यक्ति के कपड़ों को उतारा तथा उसके पेट में एक बड़ा-सा घाव देखा। राजा ने उस घाव को धोकर साफ किया तथा उस पर अपना रूमाल रख दिया, पर खून बहना बंद नहीं हुआ। राजा ने घाव पर पुनः पट्टी बांधी, और अंत में खून बहना थम गया।

2. The man ….. ……….bed was. (Page 11)

उस व्यक्ति ने अब बेहतर महसूस किया तथा उसने कुछ पीने के लिए मांगा। राजा ने उसे ताजा पानी लाकर दे दिया। इस समय तक सूर्य अस्त हो चुका था तथा हवा ठण्डी हो गई थी। राजा संन्यासी की मदद से उस घायल व्यक्ति को झोंपड़ी में ले गया तथा उसे चारपाई पर लिटा दिया। उस व्यक्ति ने आँखें बंद कर ली तथा चुपचाप लेटा रहा। राजा भी जो अपनी पदयात्रा तथा काम के कारण थक गया था, फर्श पर लेट गया तथा रात भर सोता रहा। जब वह जागा तो कुछ मिनट बाद ही उसे याद आया कि वह कहाँ था तथा पलंग पर लेटा वह दाढ़ी वाला अजनबी व्यक्ति कौन था।

3. “Forgive …………forgive me!” (Page 12)

“मुझे क्षमा कीजिए,” उर दाढ़ी वाले व्यक्ति ने कमजोर आवाज में कहा, जब उसने देखा कि राजा भी जाग गया था। मैं तुम्हें नहीं जानता और तुम्हें क्षमा करने का कोई कारण भी नहीं है,” राजा बोला। “आप मुझे नहीं जानते पर मैं आपको जानता हूँ। मैं आपका वही दुश्मन हूँ जिसने आपसे बदला लेने की कसम खा रखी थी, क्योंकि आपने मेरे भाई को मृत्यु दण्ड दिया था और मेरी सम्पत्ति हड़प ली थी। मैं जानता था कि आप अकेले ही उस संन्यासी के पास गए हैं और मैंने आपके घर लौटते समय रास्ते में आपकी हत्या कर देने का इरादा किया था। पर दिन बीत गया और आप नहीं लौटे।

इसीलिए मैं अपने छिपने के स्थान से बाहर निकला और मेरी मुठभेड़ आप के अंगरक्षकों से हो गयी जिन्होंने मुझे पहचाना और मुझे घायल कर दिया। मैं उनसे बच निकला पर यदि आपने मेरे घावों की मरहम पट्टी न की होती तो मैं मर गया होता। मैंने आपकी जान लेने की इच्छा की थी और आपने मुझे जीवनदान दिया। अब यदि मैं जीवित रहता हूँ और यदि आपकी इच्छा हो तो मैं आपके स्वाभिभक्त सेवक की तरह आपकी सेवा करूंगा तथा अपने बेटों को भी यही आदेश दूंगा। मुझे क्षमा कीजिए।”

4. The king….. ……………. wise man.” (Page 12)

राजा को बहुत खुशी हुई कि उसने अपने दुश्मन से इतनी आसानी से दोस्ती कर ली थी, जिसे उसने अपना हितैषी बना लिया था। उसने न केवल उसे मुआफ किया परन्तु यह भी कहा कि मैं अपने सेवकों को तुम्हारे पास भेजूंगा व अपने डॉक्टर को भी तुम्हारी देखभाल करने का निर्देश दे दूंगा, और राजा ने उस व्यक्ति को उसकी सम्पत्ति भी लौटाने का वचन दिया।

घायल व्यक्ति को छोड़कर, राजा झोंपड़ी से बाहर आया और संन्यासी को चारों ओर देखा। जाने से पहले वह एक बार अपने प्रश्नों के उत्तर प्राप्त करना चाहता था। संन्यासी अपने घुटने के बल बैठकर उन क्यारियों में बीज डाल रहा था, जिन्हें उसने पिछले दिन खोदा था। राजा उनके पास पहुंचा और बोला, “हे बुद्धिमान व्यक्ति, अब अंतिम बार मैं आपसे अपने प्रश्नों के उत्तर माँग रहा हूँ।”

5. “You have ……… you mean ?” (Page 13)

“तुम्हें उत्तर दिया जा चुका है।” संन्यासी बोला, जो अभी भी भूमि पर झुका हुआ था और अपने सामने खड़े राजा की ओर सिर उठाकर देख रहा था। “मुझे उत्तर किस प्रकार मिला? आपके कहने का क्या अर्थ है?”

6. Do you …….. ………………. business. (Page 13)

“क्या आप नहीं देखते?” संन्यासी ने उत्तर दिया। “यदि कल आपने मेरी कमजोरी पर दया न करके मेरी क्यारियाँ नहीं खोदी होतीं, तो आप वापिस लौट गये होते। तब तो, उस व्यक्ति ने आप पर आक्रमण कर दिया होता और आप यही कामना करते रहते ‘काश मैं तुम्हारे पास ठहर गया होता’। इसलिए. सबसे महत्त्वपूर्ण समय वह था जब आप क्यारियाँ खोद रहे थे। और मैं सबसे महत्त्वपूर्ण व्यक्ति था, तथा मेरी मदद करना ही आपका सबसे अधिक महत्त्वपूर्ण काम था। इसके पश्चात् जब वह व्यक्ति हमारी ओर भाग कर आया तो सबसे महत्त्वपूर्ण समय वह था जब आप उसकी देखभाल कर रहे थे, क्योंकि यदि आपने उसके घाव की मरहम-पट्टी न की होगी तो वह आपसे शांति वार्ता किए बिना ही मर गया होता। अतः वह सबसे महत्त्वपूर्ण व्यक्ति था, तथा आपने उसकी जो सेवा की वही आपके लिए सबके अधिक महत्त्वपूर्ण काम था।

7. “Remember…. ….purpose alone.”(Page 13)

“याद रखो, केवल एक ही समय सबके महत्त्वपूर्ण होता है और वह समय है ‘वर्तमान’। यही सबके अधिक महत्वपूर्ण समय है क्योंकि इस समय के दौरान ही हमारे पास कुछ कर पाने की शक्ति होती है।” “सबसे महत्त्वपूर्ण व्यक्ति वह होता है जिसके साथ एक निश्चित समय पर होते हैं, क्योंकि कोई नहीं जानता कि भविष्य में क्या होने वाला है और हमें किसी दूसरे व्यक्ति से भेंट भी हो पायेगी या नहीं। सबसे अधिक महत्त्वपूर्ण कार्य है उस व्यक्ति की भलाई करना, क्योंकि हमें उसी कार्य के लिए संसार में भेजा गया है।”

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Chapter -10 Struggle for Equality | Class 7th | NCERT Civics Solutions | Edugrown

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science includes all the questions provided in NCERT Class 7 Social Science Text Book of Geography The Earth: Our Habitat, History Our Pasts, Civics Social and Political Life. Here CBSE Class 7 SST all questions are solved with the detailed explanation to score good marks in the exams. you can check Extra Questions for Class 7 Social Science

Chapter -10 Struggle for Equality

Question 1.
What do you think is meant by the expression ‘power over the ballot box’? Discuss. (NCERT Page 115)
Answer.
By the expression “power over the ballot box” we mean that every adult citizen has great power in the right to vote.

By voting people elect or replace their representatives. So the elected representatives have to work for the welfare of the people. Otherwise, they may be replaced.
The ballot box provides the equality that vote of one person, rich or poor, is as good as of any other.

Question 2.
Can you think of one person in your family, community, village, town, or city whom you respect because of their fight for equality and justice? (NCERT Page 116)
Answer.
Students to answer themselves.

Question 3.
What issue is the Tawa Matsya Sangh (TMS) fighting for? (NCERT Page 118)
Answer.
Issue of their right of fish caught in the Tawa Reservoir.

Question 4.
Why did the villagers set up this organisation? (NCERT Page 118)
Answer.
To fight for the right to fish caught in the Tawa Reservoir and the right to equality.

Question 5.
Do you think that the large-scale participation of villagers has contributed to the success of the TMS? Write two lines on why you think so? (NCERT Page 118)
Answer.

The villagers rose against the high-handedness of the contractors.
They caused chakka jam and forced the government of Madhya Pradesh to form a committee.
The committee recommended their right to catch fish in the Tawa Reservoir.
Now they manage a cooperative for organized working.

Question 6.
Can you think of an incident in your life in which one person or a group of people came together to change an unequal situation? (NCERT Page 119)
Answer.
Yes. In our village Dalits organized and obtained their right to send their children to school where students from all castes and religions study together.

Question 7.
What is your favourite line in the song given on page 120? (NCERT Page 120)
Answer.
My hunger has the right ……….. to know why grain rot in godowns.

Question 8.
What does the poet mean when he says, “My hunger has the right to know”? (NCERT Page 120)
Answer.
By these lines, the poet means that the victim should have the right to know the cause of his sufferings. As why grain is rotting in the godowns and the poor are hungry.

Question 9.
Can you share with your class a local song or a poem on the dignity that is from your area? (NCERT Page 120)
Answer.
Yes. The student to do it themselves.

Question 10.
What role does the Constitution play in people’s struggles for equality?
(NCERT Page 121)
Answer.
Indian Constitution recognises the equality of all. Constitution helps people in their struggle for equality through laws and through government schemes

Every person is equal before the law
No one is discriminated against on the basis of religion caste race or gender
Everyone has access to all public places
Untouchability is abolished

Question 11.
Can you make up a social advertisement on equality? You can do this in small groups. (NCERT Page 121)
Answer.
Yes, do it yourself with the help of your teacher.

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Chapter -9 A Shirt in the Market | Class 7th | NCERT Civics Solutions | Edugrown

Chapter -9 A Shirt in the Market

1. Did Swapna get a fair price on the cotton?
Answer: No. Swapna did not get a fair price on the cotton. The local trader paid her low price.

2. Why did the trader pay Swapna a low price?
Answer: The trader had lent Swapna money at the beginning of the cropping season on a condition that she would sell all her cotton to him. Thus, Swapna was in his grip. The trader took advantage of this situation and paid her a low price.

3. Where do you think large farmers would sell their cotton? How is their situation different from Swapna?
Answer: Large farmers would sell their cotton in the market. Their situation is different from Swapna. Unlike Swapna, they grew cotton on their own and therefore they are free to sell them anywhere they wish.

4. What are the following people doing at the Erode cloth market—merchants, weavers, exporters?
Answer: Merchants. They supply cloth on order to garment manufactures and exporters around the country. They purchase the yam and give instructions to the weavers about the kind of cloth that is to be made.
Weavers. They make cloth and bring this to the Erode cloth market for sale. They also make cloth on order from the merchant.
Exporters. They use the cloth to make shirts to export them to foreign buyers.

5. In what ways are weavers dependent on cloth merchants?
Answer: Weavers are dependent on cloth merchants for raw materials and markets.

6. If the weavers were to buy yam on their own and sell cloth, they would probably earn three times more. Do you think this is possible? How? Discuss.
Answer: In such a situation the weavers would definitely earn more. They would buy yam at the lowest possible price and would sell cloth at the highest possible price. They would select the market of their choice for better price.

7. You might have heard of cooperatives in your area. It could be in milk, provisions, paddy, etc. Find out for whose benefit they were set up?
Answer: They were set up for the benefit of those who were in want of capital.

8. What are the demands foreign buyers make on the garment exporters? Why do the garment exporters agree to these demands?
Answer: They demand the lowest prices from the garment exporters.
They set high standards for quality of production and timely delivery. Any defects or delays in delivery in dealt with strictly.
The garment exporters agree to these demands because they are able to gain maximum profits even after that.

9. How do the garment exporters meet the conditions set by the foreign buyers?
Answer: The garment exporters cut costs. They get maximum work out of the workers at the lowest possible wages.

10. Why do you think more women are employed in the Impex garment factory? Discuss.
Answer: More women are employed in the Impex garment factory because they agree to work even at the lowest possible wages.

11. Compare the earnings per shirt of the worker in the garment factory, the garment exporter, and the business person in the market abroad What do you find?
Answer: The business person abroad makes a profit of Rs. 600 on one shirt and the garment exporter gains Rs. 100 on one shirt. So far the worker’s earning is concerned, he gets only Rs. 15 per shirt.

12. What are the reasons that the business person is able to make a huge profit in the market?
Answer: There are various reasons why the business person is able to make a huge profit in the market:
Some of them are given below:

He sells his shirts to people belonging to the high-income groups.
He is able to sell a large number of shirts every day.
He knows the ways how to get work done by the garment exporters at the lowest possible price.

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Who was Swapna?
Answer: Swapna was a small farmer, growing cotton on her small piece of land.

2. Why did Swapna take a loan from the local trader?
Answer: She took a loan from the local traders to buy seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides for the cultivation of cotton.

3. On what condition did the trader agree to give a loan to Swapna?
Answer: He agreed to give a loan to Swapna on a condition that she would sell all her cotton to him.

4. What is the putting-out arrangement? [V. Imp.]
Answer: Under the putting-out arrangement, the cloth merchants supply the raw material to the weavers and receive the finished product.

5. Who are mostly employed in the Impex garment factory?
Answer: They are women.

6. What do women workers do in the Impex garment factory?
Answer: They do thread cutting, buttoning, ironing, and packaging.

7. Whom does the garment exporting factory export the shirts to?
Answer: The garment exporting factory exports the shirts to foreign buyers.

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. How are small farmers in the grip of the local trader? [V. Imp.]
Answer: Small farmers can not do without the help of the local traders. They depend on them for various reasons:

During cropping season they take a loan from the local traders.
Whenever there is an illness in the family they go to the local trader for help.
Farmers also face seasonal unemployment. There are times in the year when they have no work and hence no income.

During this time their survival depends on borrowing money from him.
Due to these reasons, small farmers easily come in the grip of the powerful local traders.

2. How do weaver’s cooperatives reduce the dependence of weavers on the cloth merchants? [V. Imp.]
Answer: In a cooperative people with common interests come together and work for their mutual benefit. In a weaver’s cooperative, the weavers form a group and take up certain activities collectively. They get yam from the yam dealer and distribute it among the weavers. The cooperative also does marketing. In this way, the role of the merchants is reduced and weavers get a fair price on the cloth that they produce by dint of their hard labour.

3. Write a short note on the Impex garment factory.
Answer: The Impex garment factory employs mostly women. The workers work on a temporary basis. They can be asked to leave at any time. Their wages are fixed according to their skills. The highest-paid among the workers are the tailors who get about Rs. 3,000 per month. Women are employed as helpers. They are engaged in thread cutting, buttoning, ironing, and packaging. They get the lowest wages.

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Who is involved in the putting-out system? How is this system advantageous and disadvantageous for the weavers? [V. Imp.]
Answer: The persons involved in the putting-out system are weavers and merchants.
This system is advantageous for the weavers in two ways:

They do not have to spend their money on the purchase of yam.
They are also free from the tension of selling the finished cloth.

This system is disadvantageous for the weavers in these ways:

They have to depend on the merchants for raw materials as well as markets.
Under this system, the merchants become very powerful. They give orders for what is to be made and they pay a very low price for making the cloth.
The weavers have no way of knowing who they are making the cloth for or at what price it will be sold.

2. How does market work move in favour of the rich and powerful? What are the ways to overcome them? (V. Imp.]
Answer: It is usually the rich and the powerful who earn the maximum profits in the market. These people have money and they own the factories, the large shops, large landholdings, etc. The poor have to depend on the rich and the powerful for various things. They have to depend on loans, for raw materials and marketing of their goods, and most often for employment.

This dependence makes the poor miserable. They are easily exploited in the market. They get low wages in spite of their hard labour and the rich earn huge profits at the cost of the workers. There are ways to overcome these such as forming cooperatives of producers and ensuring that laws are following strictly.

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Chapter -8 Markets Around Us | Class 7th | NCERT Civics Solutions | Edugrown

Chapter -8 Markets Around Us

1. In what ways is a hawker different from a shop owner?
Answer: A hawker provides door to door service. He sells his goods by calling out the names of his items. He generally owns a the which we may call a movable shop and keeps in it different items of our everyday use. He sells his goods at a minimum profit.

A shop owner runs his shop at one fixed place. Whenever we need anything we go there and purchase it. Here, we get things at a somewhat costlier rate.

2. Compare and contrast a weekly market and a shopping complex on the following:

3. Explain how a chain of markets is formed. What purpose does it serve?
Answer: Goods are produced in factories, Goods are also produced in farms and in homes. But we are not required to go to factories or farms to buy goods of our need, because the producers are not interested in selling us small quantities. The wholesale traders do this job. They are the people who come in between the producer and the final consumer. They first buy goods in bulk. Then they sell these goods to the retailers, who finally sell this to the consumers.
From the above instance we come to the conclusion that from factories to final consumers a chain is formed, which we may call a chain of markets. We can better understand it through the flow chart given below:

It serves a great purpose. It maintains the flow of money. It makes easy availability of various items of our daily use. It also promotes coordination in society

4. ‘All persons have equal rights to visit any shop in a marketplace.’ Do you think this is true of shops with expensive products? Explain with examples.
Answer: It is true that all persons have equal rights to visit any shop in the marketplace. But this is not true of shops with expensive products. It is because of the following:

People with high incomes can buy expensive products. Hence, these people go to the shops with expensive products and not the poor or people with low income.
The low-income group people visit the shops or weekly markets to buy goods as these goods are available at cheaper rates.

Examples:
People with high income buy green vegetables from multiplexes or malls while poor people purchase green vegetables from small vegetable sellers or from hawkers.

5. ‘Buying and selling can take place without going to a marketplace’. Explain this statement with the help of examples.
Answer:
It is correct that buying and selling can take place without going to a market place. It is done in the following manner.
Examples:

We can order goods that we need over the telephone and get their delivery.
Over the internet, we can visit the concerned website and order the products.
We can pay through internet banking or on the delivery of goods.

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Why is a weekly market called so?
Answer: A weekly market is called so because it is held a specific day of the week.

2. Why is there a competition among the shops in the weekly market? [V. Imp.]
Answer: In the weekly market there are many shops that sell the same goods. This creates competition among them.

3. Who is Scunner? What does he do?
Answer: Sameer is a small trader in the weekly market. He buys clothes from a large trader and sells them in six different markets in a week.

4. Give some examples of roadside stalls.
Answer: Vegetable hawker, fruit vendor, mechanic.

5. How are shops in the neighbourhood useful?
Answer: These types of shops are close to our home and we can go there any time. As the buyer and seller know each other these shops also provide goods on credit.

6. Where are the goods produced?
Answer: Goods are produced in factories, on farms, and in homes.

7. Why do we not buy directly from the producer? [V. Imp.]
Answer: It is because the producer is not interested in selling goods in small quantities. 9*

8. Who is a retailer? [Imp.]
Answer: A retailer is a small trader who buys goods from the wholesale trader and sells this to the consumer.

9. Who is Aftab?
Answer: Aftab is a wholesaler in the city. He purchases vegetables in bulk and sells them to hawkers and shopkeepers.

10. How are buyers, different people?
Answer: There are many buyers who cannot afford even the cheapest of goods. While others frequently visit malls and buy different items.

11. What is done in the wholesale markets?
Ans. This is where goods first reach and are then supplied to other traders.

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Write in brief about shopping complexes and malls.
Answer: Shopping complexes and malls are usually found in urban areas. These are large multi-storeyed air-conditioned buildings with shops on different floors. These shops sell both branded and non-branded goods. Fewer people visit malls because they sell costly items. Only well-to-do people can afford to buy these items.

2. What is the job of a wholesale trader? [V. Imp.]
Answer: A wholesale trader buys goods from the producer in large quantities. He then sells them to other traders, say small traders. These small traders sell different items to the final consumer. Thus, the wholesale trader establishes link between the producer and the consumer. It is through these links of traders that goods reach faraway places.

3. How are shop owners in a weekly market and those in a shopping complex very different people? [V. Imp.]
Answer: Both are undoubtedly different people.
(a) The shop owners in a weekly market are small traders who run their shop with little money. On the other hand, the shop owners of a shopping complex are big parties. They have a lot of money to spend on their shops.

(b) What these two types of shop owners earn is also not equal. The weekly market trader earns little compared to the profit of a regular shop owner in a shopping complex.

4. Write a brief note on ‘Aftab—the wholesaler in the city’.
Answer: Aftab is a wholesaler of vegetables. His work usually starts at around 2 o’clock in the early morning. This is the time when vegetables reach the market or mandi and with them start the activities. The vegetables come in trucks, matadors, etc. and soon the process of auctions begins. Aftab participates in this auction and decides what he will buy. He buys vegetables in bulk. After that, he sells them to hawkers and shopkeepers who usually come to him around six in the morning.

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Do you see equality in the market? If not, why not? Explain with examples.[V. Imp.]
Or
Write in brief on ‘market and equality’.
Answer: We do not see equality in the market. Big and powerful business persons earn huge profits while small traders earn very little. For example, the shop owners in a weekly market and those in a shopping complex are two different people. One is a small trader who has little money to run the shop. Whereas the other has a lot of money to spend on the shop. The earning of these two people is also unequal. The weekly market trader earns little profit whereas the shopping complex owner gains huge income.

Not only the shop owners are different people, but also the buyers. In the market we see different types of buyers There are several buyers who Eire not able to afford even the cheapest of goods white others are busy shopping for different luxurious items in malls. Thus, we see no equality in the market place.

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Chapter -7 Understanding Advertising | Class 7th | NCERT Civics Solutions | Edugrown

Chapter -7 Understanding Advertising

1. Look at the two advertisements given below and tell in the table that follow.

2. Do you think there is a problem in using the image of the mother as the only person who takes care of the child on the Care Soap, advertisement?
Answer: I don’t think there is any problem. Mother is undoubtedly the only person in the family who takes the greatest care of her child.

3. Observe the advertisements given below and answer the questions that follow:

(a) What does this advertisement want me to feel when I use this brand?
(b) Who is this advertisement talking to and who is leaving out?
(c) If you have money to buy these products, how would you feel when you see these advertisements? If you do not have money, then how would you feel?
Answer: (a)When I use this brand I feel exalted.
(b) This advertisement is talking to those who can afford to buy this brand. It is leaving out those who belong to the poor lot and earn their livelihood with great difficulty.
(c) If I have money to buy these products, I would feel proud when I see these advertisements. But if I do not have money, I would feel depressed.

4. Observe the advertisement given below and answer the questions that follow:

(a) Who do you think is the target audience for the social advertisements above?
(b) What is the message that each social advertisement is trying to get across?
(c) Having read about diarrhoea epidemic in the chapter on State Government,
Answer: (a) Here are two social advertisements. In the first advertisement the target audience is the disabled children. In the next advertisement the target audience is common mass.
(b) Freedom is birthright to the disabled children also. Unless they get education, this freedom won’t come to them. Hence, they have every right to get education.
Railway runs faster than us. Hence, we should not dare to cross the railway crossing when the train is coming.

Advertisement No. 1
Visual — Display of furniture items
Text — Quality, brand, discount ,

(a) Advertisement No. 2

Visual — Display of CCTV
Text — Features, Quality, Availability

(b) People can afford best things at cheaper price.
(c) Advertisement No. 1. This advertisement is speaking to the middle class people and is leaving out the people belonging to higher societies.
Advertisement No. 2 is speaking to the business group and is leaving out the common mass.
(d) I would feel a little bit depressed.

5. Can you explain two ways in which you think advertising affects issues of equality in a democracy?
Answer: Yes, the two ways in which we think advertising affects issues of equality in a democracy are:

The branded products are costly than those available in the open market because they include the cost of the product, its package, and its advertisement. Those people buy this product who can afford it. But there are numerous people who can not buy them because of the higher cost. Hence, the principle of equality is marred.
Only large companies can get their products branded due to the large involvement of amounts of money. Small companies cannot get their product branded as they are not able to spend large amounts of money. Hence, there is a question of inequality in branding.

6. Making an advertisement requires a lot of creativity. Let us imagine a situation in which a manufacturer has just made a new watch. She says that she wants to sell this watch to school children. She comes to your class and asks you all to create a brand name as well as an advertisement for the watch. Divide the class into small groups and each group creates an advertisement for this watch. Share it with the class.
Answer: Students should attempt it at the class level. One sample answer is given below:

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. What do advertisements do?
Answer: They attract people’s attention to their products.

2. What do you mean by the word branding?
Answer: The naming of a product is called branding.

3. Why is the consumer confused? Or What makes the consumer confused?[V. Imp.]
Answer: Sometimes there are two or more advertisements of a similar product. This makes the consumer confused because it becomes difficult for him to differentiate one product from the other/others.

4. What do the advertisers do to convince the consumer?
Answer: They start claiming certain special values for their brand.

5. How are brand values conveyed to us?
Answer: Brand values are conveyed to us through the use of visuals and words.

6. When products are advertised by cricket heroes and film stars, we feel tempted to buy them. Why?
Answer: It is because persons whom we consider our heroes tell us that those products are worth buying.

7. Advertisements aim to get people to buy a particular brand’. What does this really mean?
Answer: It means that after we see an advertisement we should want to buy the brand

8. Why do companies show the advertisements again and again?
Ans. They do so in order to get it to stick in people’s minds.

9. Under what pressure do companies show the advertisements again and again?
Answer: There are so many advertisements in the market. This creates pressure on the companies and they start showing the advertisements, again and again, to make it most popular.

10. What do you mean by social advertisements? [V. Imp.]
Answer: Social advertisements are advertisements made by the State or private agencies.
These advertisements have a larger message for the society.

11. What impressions does advertising create on us?
Answer: It creates the impressions that things that are packaged are better than things that are sold loose.

12. Mention one drawback of advertising.
Answer: It tends to promote a certain lack of respect for the poor.

13. How do people feel when they fail to afford certain brands?
Answer: They feel bad about their helplessness to buy certain brands.

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Why do you think the manufacturer of the daal (pulses) gave his product a specific name? [Imp.]
Answer: Daals (pulses) are usually sold loose in the market. There are different types of daals in the market such as arahar ki daal, masoor ki dual, urad ki daal, etc. These names are not brand names. When a company takes particular daal such as urad ki daal and puts it into a packet, it will need to give the daal a specific name. It needs to do this so that we don’t confuse the daal is that particular packet with the daal that is sold loose.

2. What do companies do in case there are two brands of a similar product?
Answer: In such a situation the consumer is confused. He cannot decide which product he should buy. The manufacturer, being aware of this has to give the consumer a reason to refer a particular brand of a product. Just naming a product does not help sell it. So, advertisers began claiming certain special values for their brand. In this way, they try to differentiate it from other similar products.

3. What brand values are used by the two daals namely Top Taste Daal’ and ‘Best Taste Daal’?
Answer: The two daals namely Top Taste Daal’ and ‘Best Taste Daal’ are saying two different things. Top Taste Daal is appealing to our social tradition of treating guests extremely well. On the other hand ‘Best Taste Daal is appealing to our concern for our children’s health and that they eat things that are good for them. Values such as treating our guests well and making sure and children get nutritious food are used by brands to create brand values. These brand values are conveyed through the use of visuals and words to give us an overall image that appeals to us.

4. How is personal emotion being used in the Care Soap advertisement? [Imp.]
Answer: The Care Soap advertisement uses the mother’s concern for her child. It tells the mother that her love and care is best shown through using this particular brand of soap. Because of this, mothers begin to feel that using this soap is a sign of how much they love their child. In this way, the advertisement uses the love of a mother for her child to sell this expensive soap.
Just think about those mothers who cannot afford this soap. They might begin to feel that they are not giving their children the best care.

5. What role do advertisements play in our lives? [V. Imp.]
Answer: Advertisements play a major role in our lives. They influence us to a great extent. We watch advertisements, discuss them, and often judge people according to the brand products they use. Whenever we see cricket heroes and film stars advertising different products we feel tempted to buy those products. It is because persons whom we consider our heroes tell us that they are worth buying.

Advertisements tell us how we should live our lives, what we should aspire and dream for, how we should express our love, what it means to be smart, successful, and beautiful. Thus, advertisements have a significant role in our lives. In the present scenario, we cannot think of life without advertisements.

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. How are small businessmen affected in this age of advertisements? [V. Imp.]
Answer: Advertising a product is a costly affair no doubt but this is the only way to sell products in the market. Large companies have no dearth to money and therefore they can easily advertise their products. But these are small businessmen also who have no money to show their products on television or national newspapers and magazines. They often have to sell their products in weekly markets and neighbourhood shops.

Advertising also makes us believe that packaged and branded things are better than things sold loose. We often forget that the quality of a product has little to do with the packaging that it comes in. This shift to packaged products negatively affects the sales of several small businesses forcing people out of their livelihoods.

2. Mention the drawbacks of advertising. [V. Imp.]
Answer: Advertising shows certain drawbacks which are as follow:
(a) We are citizens of a democratic country. It means we all are equal. But advertising always focuses on the lives of the rich and influential persons. It tends to promote a certain lack of respect for the poor. They are not the faces we most often see in advertisements and therefore we cease to think about them.

(b) Advertising uses the personal emotions of the people. Those who are capable to buy certain brands feel exalted but there are many who cannot afford to buy them. The personal emotions of these people are hurt badly.

(c) Advertising promotes the sale of packaged products. This negatively affects the sale of things which do not come in packets. This forces many people out of their livelihoods.

(d) Advertising by focussing on the lives of the rich and famous helps us forget about issues of poverty, discrimination, and dignity, all of which are central to the functioning of equality in a democracy.

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Chapter -6 Understanding Media | Class 7th | NCERT Civics Solutions | Edugrown

Chapter -6 Understanding Media

1. In what ways does media play an important role in a democracy?
Answer: Media play an important role in democracy in the following ways:

They make the masses know about certain issues/problems.
They propagate the policies and programmes of the government.
They also criticise the unpopular policies and programmes of the government.
They help in forming the opinion of the masses.
They also report various crimes and mishappenings, accidents, etc.
The media also announce the opinions of the public about certain issues/problems etc.

2. Can you give this diagram a title? What do you understand about the link between media and big business from this diagram?

Answer: A title to the above diagram may be given like this—Media and Big Business Houses. Big Business Houses attract people to promote their products through media. It is the best and the cheapest means to reach people at large.

3. You have read about the ways in which the media ‘sets the agenda’. What kind of effect does this have in a democracy? Provide two examples to support your point of view.
Answer:
Media “setting an agenda” has an impact on democracy.

By focusing on a particular issue the media influences our thoughts and feelings.
It brings the core issues to light and sometimes even helps get justice for people.
By setting an agenda, media creates awareness about certain wrongs or the illegal activities happening in the society and makes the government take action.
Sometimes due to government pressure or due to the influence of big business houses, the balanced may not come out.
For example: During and after the Commonwealth games media focused on the corruption in giving out the projects, more recently the “Coalgate” issue.
Bring to light the amount of money secretly stashed in Swiss banks.

4. As a class project, decide to focus on a particular news topic and cut out stories from different newspapers on this. Also, watch the coverage of this topic on TV news, compare two newspapers and write down the similarity—and differences in their reports. It might help to ask the following questions:
(a) What information is this article providing?
(b) What information is it leaving out?
(c) From whose point of view is the article being written?
(d) Whose point of view is being left out and why?
Answer: Students are suggested to do this project themselves.

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Name various forms of communication.
Answer: Radio, television, newspapers, the Internet.

2. What does the word ‘media’ mean?
Answer: Radio, television, newspapers, the Internet, and several other forms of communication are collectively known as media.

3. Mention any one positive aspect of television.
Answer: Television has enabled us to think of ourselves as members of a larger global world.

4. Mention one way in which the mass media earns money.
Answer: The mass media earns money by advertising different things like cars, clothes, tea, etc.

5.Why are some advertisements shown repeatedly on the television screen? [V. Imp.]
Answer: Same advertisements are shown repeatedly on the television screen just to make people’s minds to go out and buy what is advertised.

6. What are the various ways through which people express their dissatisfaction to any of the government’s decision which does not go in their favour?
Answer: They do so by writing letters to the concerned minister, organising a public protest, starting a signature campaign and asking the government to rethink its programme, etc.

7. What do you mean by a balanced report? [V. Imp.]
Answer: A balanced report is one that discusses all points of view of a particular story and then leaves it to the readers to make up their minds.

8. Why is it necessary for the media to be independent?
Answer: Only then media can write a balanced report.

9. Why does media sometimes focus on a particular aspect of a story?
Answer: It is because the media believes that this will make the story interesting.

10. What does the media’s close relationship with business often mean?
Answer: It means that the media will fail to give a balanced report.

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. How has television brought the world closer to us?
Answer: Television images travel huge distances through satellites and cables. This allows us to view news and entertainment channels from other parts of the world. We see cartoons on our television set which are mostly from Japan and the United States. We can be sitting in Delhi and can see images of Barak Obama’s oath ceremony in the United States. Thus, television has enabled us to think of ourselves as members of a larger global world.

2. Most television channels and newspapers are part of big business houses. Why? [V. Imp.]
Answer: The technologies that mass media use keep changing and so a lot of money is spent on getting the latest technology. The TV studio in which the newsreader sits has lights, cameras, sound recorders, transmission satellites etc. All of these cost a lot of money.

One thing more, it is not only the newsreader who needs to be paid but also a number of other people who help put the broadcast together. Due to these costs, mass media needs a great deal of money to do its various works. As a result, most television channels and newspapers are part of big business houses.

3. What do you mean by an independent media? Why is it important for the media to be independent? [V. Imp.]
Answer: An independent media means that no one should control and influence its coverage of news. No one should tell the media what can be included and what should not be included in a news story. It means that the media should not be under any one’s pressure. It will be totally independent. An independent media is very important because it is on the basis of the information that the media provides that we take action as citizens. Hence, it essential that this information is reliable. It should be biased at all.

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Write a brief note on ‘local media’.
Answer: Local media covers small Issues that involve ordinary people and their daily lives. It is usually started by local groups. Several people use community radio to tell farmers about the prices of different crops and advise them on the use of seeds and fertilisers. Others make documentary films with fairly cheap and easily available video cameras on real-life conditions faced by different poor communities and, at times, have even given the poor these video cameras to make films on their own lives.

Khabar Lahriya is also a local newspaper. It is a fortnightly that is run by eight Dalit women in the Chitrakoot district in Uttar Pradesh. It is written in the local language, Bundeli. This eight-page newspaper covers the Dalit issues and cases of violence against women and political corruption. This newspaper is popular among farmers, shopkeepers, panchayat members, school teachers, and women who have recently become literate.

2. How can you say that media is far from freedom? Or why do most newspapers still fail to provide a balanced story? [V. Imp.]
Answer: It is said that media is often controlled by business houses. Media does what these business houses wish. At times, it is in the interest of these businesses to focus on only one side of the story. The media is in constant need of money.

Hence, it is essential for media to get linked, it is with advertising groups. In such a situation it is difficult for media to report against people who give them advertisements. Its close links to big business houses snatch its independence. It has to do as per the wishes of these business houses, Media also tends to focus on a particular aspect of a story because they believe this makes the story interesting.

One thing more, if they want to increase public support for an issue, they often do this by focusing on one side of a story. Thus, it is difficult to say that the media is independent.

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Chapter -5 Women Change the World | Class 7th | NCERT Civics Solutions | Edugrown

Chapter -5 Women Change the World

1. How do you think stereotypes, about what women can or cannot do, affect women’s right to equality?
Answer: Stereotypes about what women can or cannot do affect women’s right to equality because they are termed weak and incapable of doing strong work. It is because of this reason that women are called inferior to men. They are paid fewer salaries/ wages than their men counterparts.

2. List one reason why learning the alphabet was so important to women like Rashsundari Devi, Ramabai, and Rokeya.
Answer: Learning the alphabet was so important to these women because only after that they became able to write stories, letters, and autobiographies which described their own experiences of inequality.

3. “Poor girls drop out of school because they are not interested in getting an education”. Re-read the last paragraph on page 62 and explain why this statement is not true.
Answer: This statement, “Poor girls dropout of school education” is not true because of the following reasons:

There are no facilities in rural areas, especially in Adivasi areas.
Not even proper schools.
No teacher in the schools on regular basis.
No schools near their homes.
No transport facilities if the schools are far away.
Families too poor to afford schooling expenses.
Discrimination on the basis of caste, creed, religion or sex.
Preference for boys for education and not girls.

4. Can you describe two methods of struggle that the women’s movement used to raise issues? If you had to organise a struggle against stereotypes, about what women can or cannot do, what method would you employ from the ones that you have read about? Why would you choose this particular method?
Answer:
Two methods of struggle that the women’s movement used

Campaigning: To fight discrimination and violence against women. Women groups spoke against dowry deaths, sexual harassment. Laws were formulated in 1997 to protect women against sexual harassment. Anti dowry laws were passed in the 1980’s.
Raising awareness: It is an important part to raise public awareness about women’s rights issues. Public rallies, demonstrations were the methods used.
We would use raising awareness. This way we will be able to let people know about the discrimination and gather their support raising awareness.
It is a creative and positive way of expressing the views and thoughts of people on the concerned issues and involving more people.
This way the people who are clueless about women’s problems or are unaware would also be involved.

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. What is the percentage of women engaged in agricultural work in our country?
Answer: 83.6% of women are engaged in agricultural work.

2. What does agricultural work mean to these women?
Answer: Plating, weeding, harvesting, and threshing.

3. When we think of a farmer we only think of a man. Why?[V. Imp.]
Answer: It is because a major portion of the agricultural work is done by man. Women only assist them.

4. Why was Ramabai given the title ‘Pandita’?
Answer: It was because she could read and write Sanskrit. It was a remarkable achievement as women were not allowed such knowledge in those days.

5. How did women support men in the pottery trade?
Answer: They collected the mud and prepared the earth for the pots.

6. Mention any one stereotype about what women can or cannot do?
Answer: Women can be good teachers but they are incapable of dealing with technical things.

7. How did Laxmi Lakra break the stereotype that only men could be engine drivers?
Answer: She became the first woman engine driver for Northern Railways.

8. What changes came to be seen with the emergence of new ideas about education and learning in the 19th century?
Answer: Schools became more common and communities that had never learnt reading and writing started sending their children to school.

9. Who was Rashsundari Devi? What did she write in her autobiography?
Answer: Rashsundari Devi was a housewife from a rich landlord’s family in west Bengal. She wrote about her everyday life experiences in her autobiography.

10. What did Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain do for the girls?
Answer: She started a school for girls in Kolkata which is functioning even today.

11. Mention any two reasons why many girls do not continue their education.
Answer: Poverty and discrimination are the two major reasons why many girls do not continue their education.

12. What is the purpose of conducting a census every 10 years? [V. Imp.]
Answer: Census is held every 10 years to count the whole population of the country. It also gathers detailed information about the people living in India—their age, schooling, what work they do, and so on.

13. What is meant by the Women’s Movement?[Imp.]
Answer: Women as a whole struggled for a long to bring out all-round improvement in women’s condition. This is known as the Women’s Movement.

14. What happened to Satyarani’s daughter?
Answer: Her daughter was murdered for Dowry.

15. What are the various means to spread awareness among the common mass?
Answer: Street plays, songs, and public meetings.

16. When is International Women’s Day celebrated?
Answer: International Women’s Day is celebrated on 8 March every year.

17. What do women do on International Women’s Day?
Answer: Women all over the world come together to celebrate the auspicious day and renew their struggles.

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Give a brief life sketch of Laxmi Lakra
Answer: Laxmi Lakra belongs to a poor tribal family in Jharkhand- She studied in a government school. She studied hard and did well and then went on to get a diploma in electronics. She then took the railway board exam and passed it on her first attempt. She became the first woman engine driver for Northern Railways.

In this way, she broke the stereotype that engine drivers could be men only. She says “I have challenges and the moment somebody says it is not for girls. I make sure I go ahead and do it”. Laxmi has had to do this several times in her life—when she wanted to take electronics, when she rode motorcycles at the polytechnics and when she decided to become an engine driver.

2. Who set up a Mission in Khedgaon near Pune in 1898? How did the Mission prove beneficial for the women?
Ans. Pandita Ramabai set up a Mission in Khedgaon near Pune in 1898. This was the place where widows and poor women were encouraged not only to become literate but to be independent. They were taught a variety of skills from carpentry to running a printing press, skills that are considered a male preserve. This Mission is still active today and does a lot for women’s upliftment.

3. Was Rashsundari Devi a superstitious woman? If not, why not?
Answer: Rashsundari Devi was a housewife from a rich landlord’s family in West Bengal. She was not allowed to learn to read and write. During her time, some 200 years ago, there was a prevalent belief that if a woman learnt to read and write, she would bring bad luck to her husband. Rashsundari Devi took this belief as false because she was not at all superstitious.

She took a strict decision and taught herself how to read and write in secret, well after her marriage. She even wrote her autobiography in Bangla at the age of 60. Her book titled Amor Jiban is the first known autobiography written by an Indian woman.

4. Although the literacy rates have increased since independence, what remains the worrying factor with respect to gender?[V. Imp.]
Answer: It is true that literacy rates have increased since independence. According to the 1961 census, about 40% of all boys and men were literate compared to 15% of all girls and women. In the census of 2001, these figures have grown to 76% for boys and men and 54% for girls and women. This means that the proportion of both men and women who are able to read and have at least some amount of schooling has increased. But the worrying factor is that the percentage of the male is still higher than the female group. The gap exists even today.

5. Why was Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain stopped from learning Bangla and English? How did she manage to team these languages?
Answer: In those days, English was seen as a language that would expose girls to new ideas, which people thought were not correct for them. Therefore, it was mostly boys who were taught English. However, Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain wished to learn these two languages in addition to Urdu. Fortunately, she got the support of her elder brother and an elder sister and ultimately learnt to read and write Bangla and English.

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Who wrote the story Sultana’s Dream? What is the story all about?
Answer: It was Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain who wrote the story Sultana’s Dream in 1905 at the age of 25. The story is all about Sultana’s dream. In her imagination, she reaches a place called Ladyland. Ladyland is the place where women had the freedom to study, work, and create inventions like controllin’ rain from the clouds and flying air cars. In this Ladyland, the men had no freedom at all.

They had been sent to seclusion. Their aggressive guns and other weapons of war defeated by the brain-power of women. As Sultana travels in the Ladyland, She awakes suddenly and becomes disappointed to see the reality.

2. What are the various ways women apply to fight discrimination and seek justice? [V. Imp.]
Answer: The various ways women apply to fight discrimination and seek justice are as follow:
(a) It has proved to be a great success. It has led to a new law being passed in 2006. This law gives legal protection to women against domestic violence which includes physical and msptrjjj.. violence within then- homes.

Women by dint of campaigning made the Supreme Court formulate guidelines in 1997 to protect women against sexual harassment at workplace. They also campaigned for bringing justice to those families which have become pray to dowry deaths. As a result of their campaigns, dowry laws were changed to punish families who seek dowry.

(b) Raising Awareness. Women, in order to fight-discrimination, work hard to raise public awareness on women’s rights issues. They do so through several means such as street plays, songs, and public meetings.

(c) Whenever a law or policy acts against the interest of the women, they rise in protest by holding public rallies and demonstrations. These are powerful ways of drawing attention to injustices.

(d) Showing Solidarity. Women associated with the Women’s movement also believe in showing solidarity with other women and their causes.

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Chapter -4 Growing up as Boys and Girls | Class 7th | NCERT Civics Solutions | Edugrown

Chapter -4 Growing up as Boys and Girls

1. Are the statements given below true or false? Support your answer with the use of an example :
(a) All societies do not think similarly about the roles that boys and girls play.
(b) Our society does not make distinctions between boys and girls when they are growing up.
(c) Women who stay at home do not work.
(d) The work that women do is less valued than that of men.
Answer: (a) It is a true statement. In most societies, the work boys do is given more importance than the work girls do.
(b) It is a false statement. Our society makes distinctions between boys and girls even while they are in growing phase. From the very early age, boys are taught to be tough and serious, while girls are taught to be mild and soft. Boys are given toys like cars, guns to play with while girls are given dolls.
(c) It is a false statement. Women who stay at home, do a lot of household chores.
They cook food, wash clothes, sweep floor, and numerous other works; some of which are very strenuous.
(d) It is true statement. Women do a lot of work. The main responsibility for housework and care-giving tasks lies with women. Yet, the work that they do with the home is not recognised as work. It is assumed that this is something that comes naturally to women. It, therefore, does not have to be paid for. This is the main reason why our society devalues women’s work.

2. Housework is invisible and unpaid work.
Housework is physically demanding.
Housework is time-consuming.
Write in your own words what is meant by the terms ‘invisible’, ‘physically demanding’ and ‘time-consuming’? Give one example of each based on the household tasks undertaken by women in your home.
Answer:

‘Invisible’ means the work which is not seen from eyes, for example, the amount of time and labour that goes in preparing food.
‘Physically demanding’ means we have to do hard manual labour to complete a task. It is tiring and the hard work tells on one’s health, like fetching water or firewood in rural areas.
‘Time-consuming’ means the work which needs considerable time to be completed.
- The care of the house and keeping a watch on the activities of domestic help are invisible.
- Washing of clothes is physically demanding.
- Cooking food and cleaning the house is time-consuming.

3. Make a list of toys and games that boys typically play and another for girls. If there is a difference between the two lists, can you think of some reasons why this is so? Does this have any relationship to the roles children have to play as adults?
Answer: List of toys and games that boys play with: cars, guns, swords, buses, railway trains, lions, etc. (toys), cricket, kabaddi, hockey, football etc. (games).
List of toys and games that girls play with: dolls, cooking items, etc. (toys)’, badminton, table-tennis, hide and seek, etc. (games).
These games are also played by the boys. From the above description we can infer that there is a difference between the toys with which boys play and the toys with which girls play.
The reason behind this is that our society makes clear distinctions between boys and girls. Boys are taught to be tough while girls are taught to be mild. Boys are expected to do works which highlight their manly features but girls are expected to remain in limit with all feminine virtues. All these are ways of telling children that they have specific roles to play when they grow up to be men and women. Later in life this affects even the subjects they can study or the careers they can choose.

4. If you have someone working as a domestic help in your house or locality talk to her and find out a little bit more about her life – Who are her family members? Where is her home? How many hours does she work? How much does she get paid? Write a small story based on these details.
Answer:
Yes, A Domestic Help

Sujata is a domestic help. She works in our neighbour’s house.
Two sons, one daughter, her husband, and herself are her family members.
Her home is in Rajiv Camp in Jhilmil Colony, Delhi-110095.
She works for 10 hours continuously.
She is paid ₹ 1500 per month.

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. What was a very important activity on the Samoan islands in the 1920s?
Answer: Fishing was a very important activity on the Samoan Islands in the 1920s.

2. How was the girls’ school in Madhya Pradesh in the 1960s designed differently from the boys’ school?
Answer: Girls’ school had a central courtyard where girls played in total seclusion and safety from the outside world. The boys school had no such courtyard.

3. As these girls walked on the streets, they looked so purposeful’. What does the word ‘purposeful’ refer to?
Answer: Their only intention was to get home safe and as soon as possible.

4. Why do we give boys and girls different toys to play with? [V. Imp.]
Answer: We want to tell them that they will have different futures when they become men and women.

5. What do we teach boys and girls in their early childhood? [Imp.]
Answer: We teach boys that they need to be tough and masculine. On the contrary, we, teach girls that they need to be soft and mild.

6. Why did Harmeet develop a notion that her mother did not work?
Answer: In our societies, the work that women do within the home is not recognised as work. It is assumed that this is something that comes naturally to women. It is therefore, Harmeet developed such notions and said that her mother did not work

7. Why are the wages of domestic workers usually low? [V. Imp.]
Answer: It is because the work that domestic workers do, does not have much value.

8. What is the daily schedule of a domestic worker?
Answer: A domestic worker’s day usually begins at five in the morning and ends at twelve in the night.

9. How are domestic workers treated by their employers? [V. Imp.]
Answer: Domestic workers are often not treated well by their employers. Despite the hard work they do, their employers often do not show them much respect.

10. What do you mean by the term ‘double burden’? [Imp.]
Answer: Several women today work both inside and outside the home. This is often referred to as ‘double burden’.

11. Housework commonly involves many different tasks. Name some of them.
Answer: Washing clothes, cleaning, sweeping, cooking, etc.

12. Why do girls like to go to school together in groups?
Answer: Girls like to go to school together in groups because in a group they feel secured.

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. What did boys do every evening, once the school was over?
Answer: Every evening, once the school was over, boys watched as hundreds of school girls crowded the narrow streets. The girls walked on the streets in groups and their only intention was to get straight home. On the contrary, the boys used the streets as a place to stand around idling, to play, to try out tricks with their bicycles. They never reached home in time.

2. Why does our society devalue the work women do inside the home? [V. Imp.]
Answer: Women discharge a lot of responsibilities inside their home. They look after the family, especially children, the elderly and sick members. They manage the entire activities so efficiently. They cook food by standing for hours in front of hot stoves, wash clothes, maintain cleanliness, etc. In rural areas, women and girls carry heavy headloads of firewood. These works are not considered as real works in our families and societies. The work that women do within the home is not recognised as work. It is assumed that this is something that comes naturally to women. Due to this fact, it does not have to be paid for. Our society devalues such work.

3. Our constitution does not discriminate between male and female. But the inequality between the sexes exists. What does the government do to remedy the situation? [Imp.]
Answer: The government recognises that the burden of childcare and housework falls on women and girls. This naturally has an impact on whether girls can attend school. It determines whether women can work outside the house and what kind of jobs and careers they can have. The government has set up Anganwadis or childcare centres in several villages in the country.

It has passed laws that make it mandatory for organisations that have more than 30 women employees to provide creche facilities. The provision of creches helps many women to take up employment outside the home. Girls have also been benefited through this provision. More and more girls now have started attending schools.

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Give an account of growing up in Samoa in the 1920s.
Answer: A research took place on Samoan society in the 1920s. According to the reports of the research, Samoan children did not go to school. They engaged in many different activities. They learned from their elders how to take care of children or do housework. Fishing was an important activity on the Samoan islands. Young people learned to undertake long fishing expeditions.
Both boys and girls used to look after their younger siblings. But, by the time a boy was about nine years old, he joined the older boys in learning outdoor jobs like fishing and planting coconuts. Girls had to continue looking after small children or do errands for adults until they were teenagers. They enjoyed much freedom during the teenage. After the age of fourteen or so, girls also went on fishing trips, worked in the plantations, learned how to weave baskets. Boys had to do most of the work associated with cooking. After they prepared the meal, the girls helped them.

2. Write a brief note on the lives of domestic workers with an example. [V. Imp.]
Answer: The lives of domestic workers are full of hardships. They do a lot of work in the employer’s house. They sweep and clean, wash clothes and dishes, cook different varieties of food, look after young children or the elderly. Their day usually begins at five in the early morning and ends at twelve in the night. During this span, they do not sit even for a while.

Most domestic workers are women. Sometimes, even young boys and girls are employed to do all these works. Despite the hard work they do, their employers often do not show them much respect. They are often scolded by them even at a minor mistake. So far their wages are concerned, they are very low.

The reason behind this is that domestic work does not have much value. Melani is a domestic worker who leads a very hard life in spite of her hard labour. Her employer is not at all sympathetic to her. She shouts at her every now and then. She does not give her sufficient food to eat. Even during severe winters, she does not allow her to wear chappals in the house. Melani feels very humiliated. As she has no other option, she has to bear all the hardships. But she, like her employer, also wishes to be respected.

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Chapter -3 How the State Government Works | Class 7th | NCERT Civics Solutions | Edugrown

Chapter -3 How the State Government Works

1. Use the terms ‘constituency’ and ‘represent’ to explain who an MLA is and how is the person elected?
Answer:

An MLA (Member of the Legislative Assembly) is the person affiliated to a political party or independent who represents a constituency {an area).
The person is elected in the following manner:
- A specific area is called a constituency.
- All the adults above 18 years of age are the voters.
- They vote for the candidate of their choice.
- The person who gets the maximum number of votes is declared elected.
- The elected representative is called an MLA.

2. How did some MLAs become Ministers? Explain.
Answer: The party which is elected in the majority for the Legislative Assembly forms the government. As per constitutional provisions the ruling party elects its leader who is called the Chief Minister as the head of the government. The Chief Minister, in consultation with the Governor, constitutes a cabinet which includes members of his/her party as ministers. The MLAs who become ministers are allotted with a portfolio. Here the MLAs turned ministers become accountable for the entire state for that particular portfolio.

3. Why should decisions are taken by the Chief Minister and other ministers be debated in the Legislative Assembly?
Answer:
The decisions taken by the Chief Minister and other ministers should be debated in the Legislative Assembly because of the following reasons:

The decisions, it is not necessary, taken by the Chief Ministers and ministers are beneficial to one and all.
All the MLAs should know about them.
Important suggestions may be incorporated in the final decisions.
Adversely affecting points are deleted after the debate.
The decisions so taken are the decisions of all the members and hence the people.

4. What was the problem in Patalpuram? What discussion/actions were taken by the following? Pill in the table.

Answer: Patalpuram was facing an acute crisis of water

5. What is the difference between the work that MLAs do in the Assembly and the work done by government departments?
Answer: The difference between the work that MLAs do in the Assembly and the work done by government departments is that every department is headed by a minister who is also an MIA. The minister approves any work done or proposed by the department. The department is responsible for the projections and completion of the work whereas MLAs or ministers coordinate between the Assembly and the departments.

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. How is the Governor of a state-appointed? [V. Imp.]
Answer: The Governor of a state is appointed by the Central Government.

2. Whose responsibility is it to nm various government departments or ministers?
Answer: It is the responsibility of the Chief Minister and other ministers to run various government departments or ministers.

3. How will you define a Legislative Assembly?
Answer: A Legislative Assembly is a place where all the MLAs, from the ruling party as well as the opposition, meet to discuss various things.

4. Define the term ‘government’. [Imp.]
Answer: The term ‘government’ refers to the government departments and various ministers who head them.

5. Who is the head of the executive?
Answer: The Chief Minister is the head of the executive.

6. Why did the Chief Minister and the minister for health visit Patalpwam district?
Answer: They went to visit the families who had lost their relatives due to the spread of diarrhea. They also visited people in hospitals.

7. Why are press conferences organised?
Answer: Press conferences are oragnised to discuss various current issues.

8. What do you know about wallpaper?
Answer: A wallpaper is an interesting activity through which research can be done on particular topics of interest.

9. Why do people in a democratic set up organise meetings? [V. Imp.]
Answer: They do so to voice their opinions and protest against the government if any of its actions is not in their favour.

10. The government works at three levels. Name them.
Answer: The government works at three levels namely

Local
State
Natural

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. What do you mean by an MLA? Is it necessary to become a member of any political party to become an MLA? [V. Imp.]
Answer: The term MLA stands for a Member of the Legislative Assembly. He/She is elected through a general election and represents a particular constituency. It is not necessary for one to be a member of a political party to become an MLA. He/she can contest the election as an independent candidate also. In some cases, he/ she is sponsored by a political party. But one thing is necessary that he/she must be a citizen of India and fulfill the requisite qualifications for the post.

2. What is the process of the formation of government in a state? [Imp.]
Answer: A general election is conducted to elect representatives from various constituencies. The party which earns more than half of the total seats is said to be in a majority. That party is usually called for forming the government.
Sometimes, no party gains a clear majority. In that case, the party with maximum elected members tries to get support from the like-minded parties or independent candidates. The party that proves to have maximum supporters in that way is allowed to form a government. Otherwise, there would be re-election,

3. What is the role of the party that does not form a government? [V. Imp.]
Answer: As per the Constitution all the parties which do not take part in the formation of a government are called opposition parties. In our democratic set up the role of the opposition parties is in no way less important than the ruling party. The opposition parties keep a watch over the functioning of the ruling party. They take part in every discussion and debate held in the Assembly. They can check and protest any wrong action of the government.

4. Who becomes a Chief Minister? What is his/her role in a state? [Imp.]
Answer: Chief Minister is the leader of the ruling party. He/She is elected out of the total members of the party gaining majority in the general election. He/she is the executive head of the government. He/She is responsible for every action of the government. He/she also coordinates between the government at the centre and the state.

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. How does a government function in a state? [V. Imp.]
Answer: A government is headed by the Chief Minister. The Chief Minister, in order to manage the functioning of the government, appoints ministers at various levels like cabinet ministers, state ministers, and deputy ministers. Every government department is headed by a cabinet minister who is directly accountable for the functioning of the particular department. The heads of the government departments who are bureau rates are responsible for the handling of the government decisions. The bureau rates project and get the works completed. The ministers give approval to the works.

Author Archives: Rohit

Chapter -2 A Gift of Chappals | Class 7th | NCERT English Honeycomb Solutions | Edugrown

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Chapter -8 Markets Around Us

Chapter -7 Understanding Advertising | Class 7th | NCERT Civics Solutions | Edugrown

Chapter -7 Understanding Advertising

Chapter -6 Understanding Media | Class 7th | NCERT Civics Solutions | Edugrown

Chapter -6 Understanding Media

Chapter -5 Women Change the World | Class 7th | NCERT Civics Solutions | Edugrown

Chapter -5 Women Change the World

Chapter -4 Growing up as Boys and Girls | Class 7th | NCERT Civics Solutions | Edugrown

Chapter -4 Growing up as Boys and Girls

Chapter -3 How the State Government Works | Class 7th | NCERT Civics Solutions | Edugrown

Chapter -3 How the State Government Works

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Author Archives: Rohit

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 English Honeycomb

Chapter - 2 A Gift of Chappals

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 English Honeycomb

Chapter -10 Struggle for Equality

Chapter -9 A Shirt in the Market

Chapter -8 Markets Around Us

Chapter -7 Understanding Advertising

Chapter -6 Understanding Media

Chapter -5 Women Change the World

Chapter -4 Growing up as Boys and Girls

Chapter -3 How the State Government Works

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