Author Archives: Raghvendraschool

Houses, drains and streets

Most houses had a separate bathing area and some had wells to supply water. Many cities had covered drains. Each drain had a gentle slope so that water could flow through it. Drains in houses were connected to streets and smaller drains, which ultimately led into bigger ones. All three i.e.; houses, drains and streets were planned and built at the same time.

Life in the city

Harappan city was a very busy place.

1. Rulers were the people who planned the construction of special buildings in the city. Rulers sent people to distant lands to get metal, precious stones, and other things that they wanted.
2. Scribes were the people who knew how to write and help in preparing the seals and perhaps write on other materials that have not survived.
3. There were men and women, crafts persons who used to make all kinds of things.
4. Many terracotta toys have been found in Harappan cities, which shows that children must have played with these.

New crafts in the city

1. Most of the objects that were made and found in Harappan cities were of stone, shell and metal, including copper, bronze, gold and silver.
2. Copper and bronze were used to make tools, weapons, ornaments and vessels.
3. Gold and silver were used to make ornaments and vessels.
4. The Harappans made seals out of stone which were rectangular in shape and have an animal carved on them.
5. The Harappans also made pots with beautiful black designs
6. Actual pieces of cloth were found attached to the lid of a silver vase and some copper objects at Mohenjodaro.
7. Archaeologists have also found spindle whorls, made of terracotta and faience, which were used to spin thread.
8. Many of the things that were produced at Harappan were probably the work of specialists.

In search of raw materials

Raw materials are substances that are either found naturally or produced by farmers or herders. Raw materials are processed to produce finished goods. The raw materials that the Harappans used were available locally. Whereas many items such as copper, tin, gold, silver and precious stones were brought from distant places.

1. The Harappans probably got copper from present-day Rajasthan, and from Oman in West Asia.
2. Tin, which was mixed with copper to produce bronze, had been brought from present-day Afghanistan and Iran.
3. Gold had been brought from present-day Karnataka, and precious stones from present-day Gujarat, Iran and Afghanistan.

Food for people in the cities

People living in the countryside grew crops and reared animals. The Harappans grew wheat, barley, pulses, peas, rice, sesame, linseed and mustard.

1. The plough was used to dig the earth for turning the soil and planting seeds.
2. Water was stored and supplied to the fields when the plants were growing.
3. Harappans reared cattle, sheep, goat and buffalo. In the dry summer months large herds of animals were probably taken to greater distances in search of grass and water.
4. People also collected fruits like ber, caught fish and hunted wild animals like the antelope.

A closer look – Harappan towns in Gujarat

The city of Dholavira was located on Khadir Beyt in the Rann of Kutch.

1. This city has freshwater and fertile soil.
2. Dholavira was divided into three parts, and each part was surrounded with massive stone walls, with entrances through gateways.
3. There was also a large open area in the settlement, where public ceremonies were held.
4. Large letters of the Harappan script were carved out of white stone and inlaid in wood.

The city of Lothal stood beside a tributary of the Sabarmati, in Gujarat, close to the Gulf of Khambat.

1. The raw materials such as semi-precious stones were easily available in the city.
2. There was also a store house in the city.
3. Workshop for making beads: pieces of stone, half made beads, tools for bead making, and finished beads have all been found here.

The mystery of the end

Around 3900 years ago we find the beginning of a major change. People stopped living in many of the cities. Writing, seals and weights were no longer used. Raw materials brought from long distances became rare. In Mohenjodaro, we find that garbage piled up on the streets, the drainage system broke down, and new, less impressive houses were built, even over the streets.

Why did all this happen?

We are not sure. Some scholars suggest that the rivers dried up. Others suggest that there was deforestation. In some areas there were floods. But none of these reasons can explain the end of all the cities. It appears as if the rulers lost control. Sites in Sind and west Punjab (present-day Pakistan) were abandoned, while many people moved into newer, smaller settlements to the east and the south.

We hope you have found CBSE Notes Class 6 History Chapter 3 helpful for your exam preparation. Keep learning and stay tuned for more updates on CBSE and NCERT.

Frequently asked Questions on CBSE Class 6 History Notes Chapter 3: In the Earliest Cities

What is meant by the ‘Harappan Civilization’?

Indus civilization, also called Indus valley civilization or Harappan civilization, the earliest known urban culture of the Indian subcontinent.

Where is the current ‘Mesopotamian’ area located now?

Mesopotamia is located in the region now known as the Middle East, which includes parts of southwest Asia and lands around the eastern Mediterranean Sea

Who were called the ‘Scribes’?

Scribes were people in ancient Egypt (majorly men) who learned to read and write.

The earliest people: why were they on the move?

Hunter-gatherers

• The name comes from the way in which they got their food.

• Generally, they hunted wild animals, caught fish and birds, gathered fruits, roots, nuts, seeds, leaves, stalks and eggs.

• The reasons why hunter-gatherers moved from place to place:-

→ They eaten up all the available plants and animals resources where they stay for the long time, for the search of food they have to move from place to place.

→ Some of the animals move from place to place in search for food that is why the hunters have to follow their movement.

→ Because of seasons change some of the plants and trees don’t bear fruits so people have to move place to place in search of different kinds of plants.

→ Plants, animals and people needs water, people need water during dry seasons that’s why they travelled on foot from place to place.

How do we know about these people?

• Archaeologists have found some of the things hunter-gatherers made and used.

• It is likely that people made and used tools of stone, wood and bone, of which stone tools have survived best.

Choosing a place to live in

• Many sites of hunter-gatherers were located near sources of water, such as rivers and lakes.

• Places where stone was found and where people made tools are known as factory sites.
→ Sometimes, people lived here for longer spells of time. These sites are called habitation-cum-factory sites.

Making Stone Tools

• Stone tools were made using two techniques: stone on stone and pressure

Finding out about fire

• One of the biggest discoveries made by man was fire.

• Fire could have been used for many things: as a source of light, to roast meat, and to scare away animals.

A changing environment

• Around 12,000 years ago, the temperature of the world started increasing.

• In many areas, this led to the development of grasslands.
→ This increased the number of deer, antelope, goat, sheep and cattle, i.e. animals that survived on grass.

• People started thinking about herding and rearing these animals themselves.

• Fishing also became important.

The beginnings of farming and herding

• Domestication is the process in which the man grows the plants and protects the animals. Most of these animals tended by man become different from there wild counterparts.

• People often select the animals and plants to be domesticated by them. This process of domestication began some 12,000 years ago.

• Virtually all the plant and animal produces which we eat today are the result of Domestication.

‘Storing’ animals

• Animals multiply naturally. Besides, if they are looked after carefully, they provide milk, which is an important source of food, and meat, whenever required.

• In other words, animals that are reared can be used as a ‘store’ of food.

Finding out about the first farmers and herders

• The archaeologists have found evidence of early farmers and herders.

• These are found all over the subcontinent.

• Some of the most important ones are in the north-west, in present-day Kashmir, and in east and south India.

• To prove that these settlements belonged to farmers and herders, scientists study the evidences of plants and animals.

• Scientists have found burnt grain at these sites. These grains could have been burnt accidentally or purposefully. Also, bones of different animals are found.

• Based on these finds scientists confirm that a number of crops plants and animals existed in different parts of India sub-continent.

Towards a settled life

• Archaeologists have found traces of many things. They have use these things to know how the ancient people lived, what did the ancient people eat etc.,

• Traces of huts at some sites. For example, in Burzahom (in Kashmir) people built pit-houses, which were dug into the ground, with steps leading into them. These houses may have provided shelter in cold weather.

• Cooking hearths: Cooking places were found both inside and outside the huts, which suggests that, depending on the weather, people could cook food either indoors or outdoors.

• Neolithic tools: Included polished stone tools to give cutting edge and mortar pistils used for grinding grains. Along with these Neolithic tools, even the tolls of Paleolithic age were still used.

• Farmers and herders live in groups called tribes.

Living and dying in Mehrgarh

• Mehrgarh site is located in a fertile plain, near the Bolan Pass, which is one of the most important routes into Iran.

• Mehrgarh was probably one of the places where women and men learnt to grow barley and wheat, and rear sheep and goats for the first time in this area.

• It is one of the earliest villages that we know about.

Where did people live?

• In India, the earliest people lived along the banks of the river Narmada for several hundred thousand years.

• They were skilled Gatherers and used to gather food.

• They had very vast knowledge of the plants growing around them. They also used to hunt animals for food.

• Sulaiman and Kirthar hills to the northwest of India in these areas where women and men first began to grow crops such as wheat and barley about 8000 years ago are located here. People also began rearing animals like sheep, goat, and cattle, and lived in villages.

• Garo hills to the north-east and the Vindhyas in central India. These were some of the other areas where agriculture developed. The places where rice was first grown are to the north of the Vindhyas.

• The river Indus and its tributaries (tributaries are smaller rivers that flow into a larger river). About 4700 years ago, some of the earliest cities flourished on the banks of these rivers.

• Later, about 2500 years ago, cities developed on the banks of the Ganga and its tributaries, and along the sea coasts.

• The Ganga and its tributary called the Son. In ancient times the area along these rivers to the south of the Ganga was known as Magadha now lying in the state of Bihar. Its rulers were very powerful, and set up a large kingdom.

• Travelling enriched the cultural traditions and sharing of ideas between people. People shared new ways of carving stones, composing music and cooking for several hundreds of years.

Names of the land

• The name India came from the river Indus (Sindhu in Sanskrit). 2500 years ago, the Iranians and the Greeks who came to India from the Northwest side called the river Indus as ‘Hindos’ or ‘Indos’. And the land to the east of this river was called India.

• The name Bharata refers to a group of people who lived in North West part of India. They are also mentioned in Rig Veda some 3500 years ago. Later this name was use for the country.

Finding out about the past

• There are several ways of finding out about the past. One is to search for and read books that were written long ago. These are called manuscripts, because they were written by hand (this comes from the Latin word ‘manu’, meaning hand).

• These were usually written on palm leaf, or on the specially prepared bark of a tree known as the birch, which grows in the Himalayas.

• Many of these were written in Sanskrit, others were in Prakrit (languages used by ordinary people) and Tamil.

Inscriptions

• These are writings on relatively hard surfaces such as stone or metal. Sometimes, kings got their orders inscribed so that people could see, read and obey them.

• There are other kinds of inscriptions as well, where men and women (including kings and queens) recorded what they did. For example, kings often kept records of victories in battle.

• An archaeologist is a person who studies the people and what they did in the past by the things they left behind.

• They look for artifacts, which are the things made by the people and these artifacts reveal more about the past. They also carry on excavations (Digging the surface of the earth)

• Archaeologists also study bones of animals, birds and fish to find out the food habits of the people of past. They even study the plant remains, but the plant remains barely survive for so long.

• The evidences found by the Archaeologists are called Features.

What do dates mean?

• CE (Common Era) or AD Anno Domini, means in the year of Lord. BCE (Before Common Era) or BC-Before Christ.

• All the dates before the birth of the Christ are counted Backwards.

The Geography Class 6 Notes are the most crucial and reliable source of study material for students willing to have an in-depth knowledge of the subject. These notes act as a guide for the students and help them in securing better grades. The Class 6 Geography Notes are prepared as per the Class 6 CBSE syllabus and cover all the chapters included in the subject. These notes give a complete insight into all the chapters and explain everything in detail to the students. The notes have all the questions with answers for the students and being prepared by the most experienced teachers, ensures them to be error-free and of better quality.

Chapter 1 The Earth in the Solar System Class 6 Notes

Chapter 2 Globe: Latitudes and Longitudes Class 6 Notes

Chapter 3 Motions of the Earth Class 6 Notes

Chapter 4 Maps Class 6 Notes

Chapter 5 Major Domains of the Earth Class 6 Notes

Chapter 6 Major Landforms of the Earth Class 6 Notes

Chapter 7 Our Country – India Class 6 Notes

Chapter 8 India: Climate, Vegetation and Wildlife Class 6 Notes

Class 6 is the year that sets the foundation for future higher classes. Hence, it is crucial for students to understand the subject thoroughly. One of the best ways to comprehend all the concepts of the entire chapters of the subject is to refer to the chapter-wise CBSE Class 6 Civics Notes. Civics is also the main sub-subject of Social Science. Hence, scoring well in this will ensure that the marks for Social Science are good.

Chapter 1 Understanding Diversity Class 6 Notes

Chapter 2 Diversity and Discrimination Class 6 Notes

Chapter 3 What is Government Class 6 Notes

Chapter 4 Key Elements of a Democratic Government Class 6 Notes

Chapter 5 Panchayati Raj Class 6 Notes

Chapter 6 Rural Administration Class 6 Notes

Chapter 7 Urban Administration Class 6 Notes

Chapter 8 Rural Livelihoods Class 6 Notes

Chapter 9 Urban Livelihoods Class 6 Notes

You might think history is something which might look too difficult for young minds who are in class 6th? But no, history at the class 6th is amazing. You will read about so many different historical aspects that you will feel you are not even learning history. From finding how people in the stone age were able to hunt for food and cook it to history about small villages to thriving towns, these 11 chapters have everything that a student needs to light up their interest in history.

Each chapter is unique and will showcase the different perspectives of history and human civilization. Given below, we have provided a brief introduction to each chapter to see which ones interest you the most. The class 6 history notes are present on our website and the other important chapters, which we have mentioned below. 

Chapter 1 What Where, How and When Class 6 Notes

Chapter 2 From Hunting-Gathering to Growing Food Class 6 Notes

Chapter 3 In the Earliest Cities Class 6 Notes

Chapter 4 What Books and Burials Tell Us Class 6 Notes

Chapter 5 Kingdoms, Kings and an Early Republic Class 6 Notes

Chapter 6 New Questions and Ideas Class 6 Notes

Chapter 7 Ashoka, The Emperor who Gave up War Class 6 Notes

Chapter 8 Vital Villages, Thriving Towns Class 6 Notes

Chapter 9 Traders, Kings and Pilgrims Class 6 Notes

Chapter 10 New Empires and Kingdoms Class 6 Notes

Chapter 11 Buildings, Paintings and Books Class 6 Notes

पाठ का सार

लंका विजय के बाद विभीषण चाहते थे कि राम कुछ दिन लंका में ही रुक जाएं क्योंकि राम ने लंका देखी नहीं थी। परंतु राम वहां जरा सा भी समय नष्ट नहीं करना चाहते थे क्योंकि उनके वनवास की अवधि पूरी हो चुकी थी और भरत ने प्रतिज्ञा की थी कि अगर राम विलंब से लौटे तो वह अपने प्राण त्याग देंगे। इसके बाद सभी विभीषण द्वारा दिए गए पुष्पक विमान में बैठकर लंका के लिए उत्तर दिशा की ओर निकल पड़े। विमान के उड़ जाने के बाद वानर सेना भी किष्किंधा की ओर चल पड़ी । विमान में राम सीता के साथ बैठे थे और मार्ग में आने वाले प्रमुख स्थानों का विवरण कर रहे थे। पहले रणभूमि और उसके बाद नल नील द्वारा बनाया गया सेतुबंध, उसके बाद किष्किंधा भी रास्ते में ही था। विमान किष्किंधा उतरा, सुग्रीव की रानियों तारा और रूपा को लेने।

उसके बाद ऋषि मुख पर्वत और उसके बाद पंपा सरोवर को पार करने के बाद उनकी बनाई गई पर्णकुटी जो पंचवटी में पडती थी जो गोदावरी नदी के किनारे पर थी। उसके बाद गंगा यमुना के संगम पर ऋषि भारद्वाज का आश्रम था वहां विमान उतारा गया और रात वंही व्यतीत की गई। वहां से उन्होंने हनुमान को संदेश देकर भरत के पास भेजा। भरत राम के आगमन की सूचना सुनकर बहुत प्रसन्न हुए। सारे नगर को सजाया गया और राम के आगमन की भव्य तैयारियां शुरू कर दी गई। उसके बाद अगली सुबह जब राम ने वहां से प्रस्थान किया तो उनका विमान नंदीग्राम उतरा जहां पर भरत उनका इंतजार कर रहा था। उसके बाद राम ने पुष्पक विमान को वापस कुबेर के पास भेज दिया जिसको रावण ने बलपूर्वक छीन लिया था। उसके बाद सभी राज महल पहुंचे जहां पर मुनि वशिष्ट ने अगले दिन राम का राज्याभिषेक किया। राम के द्वारा सभी को उपहार दिए गए उसके बाद विभीषण और सुग्रीव अपने-अपने राज्य को लौट गए परंतु हनुमान राम के साथ अयोध्या में ही रुक गए। राम ने लंबे समय तक अयोध्या पर राज किया। उनके राज में सब सुखी थे और किसी में कोई भेदभाव नहीं था।

लंका विजय सार NCERT Class 6th Hindi

लंका पर आक्रमण करने के लिए वानरसेना किष्किंधा से दहाड़ती, गरजती किलकारियाँ भरती रवाना हुई। समुद्र के किनारे महेंद्र पर्वत पर आकर सेना ने डेरा डाला। सेना का नेतृत्त्व नल कर रहे थे। सुग्रीव के सेनापति जामवंत व हनुमान सबसे पीछे थे। राम की शक्तियों को लेकर राक्षसों के मन में डर बैठ गया था। राक्षसों को हताशा देखकर विभीषण ने रावण को जाकर समझाया कि वह राम को सीता लौटा दे क्योंकि हताश सेना युद्ध नहीं कर सकती। रावण को इस बात पर क्रोध आ गया और उसने विभीषण को अपना शत्रु बताकर लंका से निकल जाने के लिए कहा।

विभीषण उसी रात लंका से निकल गए। वे अपने चार सेवकों के साथ समुद्र पार कर राम के शिविर में पहुंच गए और सुग्रीव से कहा कि वे लंका के राजा रावण के छोटे भाई विभीषण हैं और श्री राम की शरण में आए हैं। सुग्रीव विभीषण को राम के पास ले गए। राम ने उनका स्वागत-सत्कार किया। विभीषण ने राम को रावण, लंका और उसकी सेना की जानकारी दी। राम ने उन्हें लंका की राजगद्दी देने का आश्वासन दिया|

राम की सेना के सामने एक बड़ी चुनौती समुद्र थी। समुद्र के कहने पर नल ने समुद्र पर पाँच दिन में पुल बना दिया जिसके द्वारा सारी वानर-सेना समुद्र पार कर लंका के किनारे पहुँच गई। यह खबर सुनकर रावण ने भी अपने सैनिकों को तैयार रहने के आदेश दे दिए|

राम ने अपनी सेना को चार भागों में बाँट कर लंका को घेरने का आदेश दिया| राम ने अंगद को भेजकर सुलह करने का अंतिम प्रयास करने की कोशिश की परन्तु रावण ने इसे ठुकरा दिया|

भयानक युद्ध हुआ। दोनों ओर से अनेक वीर योद्धा मारे गए। मेघनाद ने रावण की ओर से मोर्चा संभाला| उसके बाण से राम और लक्ष्मण मूर्च्छित होकर गिर गए| मेघनाद ने उन्हें मृत समझा और रावण को सूचना देने महल की ओर दौड़ गया। विभीषण के उपचार से राम-लक्ष्मण की मूर्च्छा दूर हो गई।

रावण की सेना के अनेक महाबली मारे गए| ये सुनकर रावण ने कमान संभाल ली| राम के बाणों ने उसका मुकुट धरती पर गिरा दिया| उसने लौटकर कुम्भकर्ण को जगाया| उसे देखकर वानर सेना में खलबली मच गयी| उसने हनुमान और अंगद को घायल कर दिया| राम और लक्ष्मण ने बाणों की वर्षा से कुम्भकर्ण को मार दिया| रावण निराश हो गया|

मेघनाद ने रावण को संभाला| मेघनाद और लक्ष्मण के बीच भीषण युद्ध हुआ| अंत में लक्ष्मण ने महल में मेघनाद को मार गिराया| अकेला बचा रावण युद्ध के लिए निकला विभीषण को राम की सेना में देख रावण उबल पड़ा। उसने विभीषण पर निशाना लगाया। लक्ष्मण ने बाण बीच में ही काट दिया। दूसरा चलाया तो लक्ष्मण बीच में आ गए जिससे वे अचेत हो गए। वैद्य सुषेण को बुलाया गया। हनुमान संजीवनी बूटी लाए। सुग्रीव ने लक्ष्मण के स्वस्थ होने की सूचना राम तक पहुँचाई।

राम-रावण युद्ध भयानक था। रावण का एक बाण राम को लगा उनके रथ की ध्वजा कटकर गिर पड़ी। राम ने प्रहार किया। बाण रावण के मस्तक में लगा। रक्त की धारा बह निकली। रावण के हाथ से धनुष छूट गया। वह पृथ्वी पर गिर पड़ा। मारा गया। बची हई राक्षस सेना जान बचाकर भागी। रणक्षेत्र में केवल विभीषण दु:खी था।राम ने विभीषण को समझाया| विभीषण को लंका का राजा बनाया गया|  सीता को अशोक वाटिका से लाया गया। सीता आई तो सबको अपनी कल्पनाओं से ऊपर सुन्दर सौम्य लगी।

जैसा कि हम सब जानते हैं कि रामायण में सीता जी को जल करके रावण अपने लंका में ले गया था जहां पर ने स्थान में सीता जी दुष्ट, अहंकारी रावण से सिर्फ नफ़रत करती थी और थोड़ा सहम भी जाती थी। वहीं रावण ने सीता जी को आश्वासन दिया था कि उनकी मर्जी के बिना वह सीता जी को स्पर्श भी नहीं करेगा। रावण सीता जी को अपनी रानी बनाना चाहता था मगर सीता जी केवल दशरथ पुत्र राम को ही अपना सर्वस्व मानती थी।

सीता जी ने रावण को फटकार लगाया और उसे डांटकर कहा कि अगर तुम मुझे मेरे राम के पास छोड़कर उनसे माफी मांग लोगे तो वह तुमको माफ़ कर देंगे और तुम ऐसा नहीं करोगे तो तुम ही पछताओगे। रावण क्रोधित होकर वहां से चला जाता है।

रावण के लंका कि राक्षसनी सब मिलकर सीता को प्रतारित करती है और उनको रावण का प्रस्ताव स्वीकार करने को कहती हैं। मगर सब नाकामयाब होती है। तभी वहां हनुमानजी प्रवेश करते हैं एक वानर के रूप में। कहीं सीता जी उनको रावण का कोई अनुचर न समझे इसलिए सीता जी के सामने हनुमान जी एक वानर बनकर पहले पेड़ पर राम जी का गुणगान करते हैं ताकि सीता जी डरे नहीं और ऐसा ही हुआ वानर को राम के अनुचर समझकर राम के संदेश को स्वीकार करती है।

हनुमान जी सीता माता को अपने कांधे पर बिठाकर राम जी के पास ले जाना चाहते थे मगर सीता माता ने कहा दिया कि यह ग़लत है वह नहीं चाहती थी कि कोई गड़बड़ी हो और संदेश का आदान-प्रदान बंद हो इसलिए वह साथ चलने से इंकार करती है।

दोनों राजकुमार ऋष्यमूक पर्वत पहुंचे। सुग्रीव किष्किंधा वनराज के छोटे पुत्र थे। पिता की मृत्यु के बाद बड़े भाई बाली राजा बने। राजकाज की कोई बात पर लड़ाई होने से बाली सुग्रीव की हत्या पर आ गए। सुग्रीव ऋष्यमूक पर्वत पर निवास कर रहे थे ,एक दिन उन्हें दो युवक आते दिखे, लगा ये बाली के गुप्तचर हैं। उनके मुख्य साथी हनुमान इससे असहमत होकर, भेष बदल कर वहाँ पहुंचे और उसने उनका परिचय पूछा। लक्ष्मण ने आने का कारण बताया। हनुमान समझ गए कि वे एक दूसरे के मित्र हो सकते हैं इसलिए उन्हें अपने कंधे पर बैठा कर शिखर पर ले गए। अग्नि को साक्षी मानकर राम-लक्ष्मण सुग्रीव के मित्र बने। राम ने उन्हें सीता के हरण के बारे में बताया। उन्होंने वानरों द्वारा लाई गहनों की पोटली राम को दी। वे सीता के गहने पहचान गए। सुग्रीव ने अपनी व्यथा सुनाई। राम ने उन्हें चिंता न करने को कहा। सुग्रीव को राम के आश्वासन पर भरोसा नहीं था। उन्होंने बताया कि बाली एक बार में सात शाल के पेड़ गिरा देता है।

राम चुप रहे और एक ही बाण से सात विशाल शाल के वृक्ष काट दिए। राम ने सुग्रीव को बाली को युद्ध के लिए ललकारने को कहा और बताया की उसकी मृत्यु उनके बाण से ही होगी। राम पेड़ के पीछे खड़े रहकर भी बाण नहीं चला पाए। सुग्रीव वहाँ से भागकर आये और राम पर क्रोधित होकर राम से सहायता न करने का कारण पुछा। राम ने समझाया की दोनों भाई एक जैसे लग रहे थे इसलिए वो बाण नहीं चला पाए। उन्होंने सुग्रीव को दोबारा युद्ध पर भेजा और इस बार बाली को बाण से मार दिया। सुग्रीव का राज्याभिषेक किया गया। सुग्रीव की सेना को चार भाग में बाँटा। दक्षिण दिशा में जाने वाले दल के नेता अंगद थे। हनुमान को राम ने अपनी अंगूठी देकर कहा कि सीता के मिलने पर उन्हें वो ये दिखा दे। दक्षिण जा कर पता चला आगे भूमि नहीं जल है। तभी जटायु के भाई संपाति ने बताया की सीता लंका में हैं और वहाँ जाने का एकमात्र रास्ता यही है। जामवंत ने पवनपुत्र हनुमान को कहा कि ये कार्य वही कर सकते हैं।