CHAPTER- 7 New Questions and Ideas | Important Questions & MCQs | CLASS 6th | Social Science History | NCERT| EDUGROWN

Very Short Answer Type

Question 1.
What was being done the first time by Anagha?
Answer:
Anagha was going the first time on a school trip.

Question 2.
From where Anagha was going?
Answer:
Anagha was going from Pune to Varanasi.

Question 3.
How is Anagha going to Varanasi?
Answer:
Anagha is going to Varanasi by train.

Question 4.
Who came to see off Anagha? What did she tell her teacher?
Answer:
Anagha’s mother came to see her off. She told her teacher “Do tell the children about the Buddha, and take them to see Samath as well.”

Question 5.
Who was the Buddha? Write three-four sentences about him.
Answer:
The real name of the Buddha was Siddhartha. He belonged to a small gana known as the Sakya gana, and was a Kshatriya. He was also known as Gautama. He was the founder of Buddhism. He was bom about 2500 years ago.

Question 6.
Mention two major changes taking place in India near about 2500 years
ago.
Answer:

1. Some kings in Mahajanapadas were growing more powerful.
2. New cities were developing and life was changing in the villages as well.

New Questions and Ideas Class 6 Extra Questions Short Answer Type

Question 1.
Discuss in brief the story of the Buddha.
Answer:

1. When Gautma Buddha was a young man, he left the comforts of his home in search of knowledge. He wandered for several years, meeting and holding discussions with other thinkers (philosophers). He finally decided to find his own path to realization, and meditated for days on end under a peepal free at Bodhgaya, where he attained enlightenment. After that, he was known as the Buddha or the wise one.

2. After attaining enlightenment Buddha went to Samath, near Varanasi, where he taught for the first time. He spent the rest of his life travelling on foot, going from place to place, teaching people, till he passed away at Kushinara.

Question 2.
Write in short the life story of Vardhamana Mahavira.
Answer:

• Vardhamana Mahavira was a Kshatriya prince of the Lichchhavis, a group that was part of the Vajji Sangha.
• At the age of thirty, Mahavira left home and went to live in a forest. For twelve years he led a hard and lonely life, at the end of which he attained enlightenment.
• The teachings of Mahavira and his followers were written down at a place called Valabhi, in Gujarat, about 1500 years ago.

Question 3.
Write important historical events against the following dates:
1. about 2500 years ago
2. about 1500 years ago. Answer:
Answer:

New Questions and Ideas Class 6 Extra Questions Long Answer Type

Question 1.
What were the main teachings of the Buddha?
Answer:
The main teachings of the Buddha were:

• The Buddha taught that life is full of suffering and unhappiness. This is caused because we have cravings and desires (which cannot be fulfilled).
• Sometimes, even if we get what we desire, we are not satisfied (permanently) and want (or desire) even more and more (or other things). The Buddha described this as thirst or tanha.
• The Buddha taught that thirst or tanha or constant craving could be removed by following moderation in everything.
• He also taught people to be kind and to respect the fives of others, including animals.
• The Buddha believed that the result of our actions (called Karma), whether good or bad, affect us both in this life and the next.
• He also encouraged, people to think for themselves rather than to follow simply what he (the Buddha) said.
• The Buddha taught in Prakrit, which was the language of the ordinary people, so that everybody could understand his message.

Question 2.
Write a short note on the following:
1. Upanishads
2. Panini, the grammarian.
Answer:
1. Upanishads:
(a) Background. Around the time that the Buddha was preaching and perhaps a little earlier, other thinkers also tried to find answers to difficult questions. Some of them wanted to know about life after death, others wanted to know why sacrifices should be performed. Many of these thinkers felt that there was something
permanent in the world, something that would last even after death. They described this as the atman or the individual soul and the brahman or the universal soul. They believed that ultimately, both the atman and the brahman were the one and the same.

(b) Many ideas of the ancient thinkers were recorded in books called the Upanishads. These were part of the later Vedic texts (i.e., all three Vedas, other than the Rigveda are called the later Vedas).

(c) Upanishad literally means “approaching and sitting near” and the texts contain conversation between teachers and students. Generally, ideas were presented through simple dialogues.

2. Panini, the grammarian:
He was a great scholar, who prepared a grammar for Sanskrit. He arranged the vowels and the consonants in a special order, and then used to create formulae like those found in Algebra. He used them to write down the rules of the language in short formulae (around 3,000 of them).

Question 3.
Discuss Jainism in brief.
Answer:

1. The word Jaina comes from the term Jina, meaning conqueror. Followers of Vardhamana Mahavira, who were known as Jainas, had to lead very simple lives, begging for food. They had to be absolutely truthful and honest. They were especially asked not to steal.

2. The followers of Mahavira had to observe celibacy. And men preachers had to give up everything, including their clothes.

3. Mahavira taught a simple doctrine: men and women who wished to know the truth must leave their homes. They must follow rules of ahimsa which means not hurting or killing living beings, very strictly.

4. The Jain Munnies had to cover their mouth and nose with a piece of cloth, ensuring that they did not breathe to kill small insects.

5. “All beings” said Mahavira, “long to live. To all creatures life is dear”. Ordinary people could understand the teachings of Mahavira and his followers because they used Prakrit.

Question 4.
Why did the Jainism not become popular among most of the people?
Or
What were the reasons of less popularity of Jainism?
Answer:

• It was very difficult for most men and women to follow main principles (or rules) strictly as desired by the founders and preachers of Jainism.
• Nevertheless, thousands left their homes to learn and teach the new way of life, preached by Jainism. Many more remained behind and supported those who became monks and nuns providing them with food.
• Jainism was supported mainly by traders. Farmers (the main portion of India’s population), who had to kill insects to protect their crops, found it more difficult to follow the rules.

Question 5.
Discuss the Sangha.
Answer:
1. Both the Buddha and the Mahavira (the founders of the Buddhism and the Jainism) felt that only those who left their homes could gain true knowledge. They arranged for them to stay together in the sangha, an association of those who left their homes.

2. The rules made for the Buddhist sangha were written down in a book called the Vinaya Pitaka. From this book we know that there were separate branches for men and women. All men could join the sangha. However, children had to take the permission of their parents, slaves that of their masters, those who worked for the king had to take his permission and debtors that of creditors. Women had to take their husbands’ permission.

3. Men and women who joined the sangha led simple lives. They meditated for most of the time, and went to villages, towns and cities to beg for their food during fixed hours. That is why, they were known as bhikshus and bhikshunis. They taught others, and helped one another. They held frequent meetings to settle any quarrels that took place.

4. Those who joined the sangha included brahmins, kshatriyas, merchants, labourers, barbers and slaves. Many of them wrote down the teachings of the Buddha. Some of them also composed beautiful poems, describing their life in the sangha.

Question 6.
Discuss the Monasteries of the Jainas and the Buddhists.
Answer:
1. To begin with, both Jaina and Buddhist monks went from place to place throughout the year, teaching people about their religions. The only time they stayed in one place was during the rainy season, when it was very difficult to travel.

2. As time passed on, the supporters of the monks built temporary shelters for them in gardens or they lived in natural caves in hilly areas.

3. Then, several supporters of monks and nuns and they themselves, felt the need for more permanent shelters. These were known as Viharas (fagIt). The earliest Viharas were made of wood, and then of brick. Some were even dug out in hills, especially in western India.

4. Generally, the land on which the Vihara was built was donated by a rich merchant or the ruler. The local people came with gifts of foods, clothings and medicines etc. for the monks and nuns. In return they taught the people their teachings.

New Questions and Ideas Class 6 Extra Questions Multiple Choice Questions

Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.
When was Gautam Buddha born?
(a) About 3,000 years ago
(b) About 2,500 years ago
(c) About 1,500 years ago
(d) About 1,000 years ago
Answer:
About 2,500 years ago

Question 2.
What was the early name of Gautam Buddha?
(a) Sidhartha
(b) Ashoka
(c) Mahavira
(d) Parsvanatha
Answer:
Sidhartha

Question 3.
Where did Buddha decide to find his own path to realisation?
(a) Gaziabad in UP
(b) Bodh Gaya in Bihar
(c) Kurukshetra in Haryana
(d) None of these
Answer:
Bodh Gaya in Bihar

Question 4.
Where did Buddha go to teach first time?
(a) Ringas
(b) Sikar
(c) Sarnath
(d) All of these
Answer:
Sarnath

Question 5.
Who thought that people should be kind and respect others?
(a) Gautam Buddha
(b) Bheronath
(c) Shiva
(d) Barhama
Answer:
Gautam Buddha

Question 6.
Who is famous tirthankara of Jains?
(a) Lord Krishna
(b) Lord Shiva
(c) Lord Mahavira
(d) Lord Mahesh
Answer:
Lord Mahavira

Question 7.
What does upanishad literally mean?
(a) Approaching and sitting near
(b) Go far away
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these
Answer:
Approaching and sitting near

Question 8.
Who went door to door to find out whether anybody died there?
(a) Kisagotami
(b) Rajula
(c) Sita
(d) Ahiliya
Answer:
Kisagotami

Question 9.
Who believed that the result of our action is karma?
(a) Mahavira
(b) Buddha
(c) Indera
(d) Ram Chandra
Answer:
Buddha

Question 10.
At what age did Mahavira leave his home and go to live in a forest?
(a) At 15 years
(b) At 30 years
(c) At 40 years
(d) At 45 years
Answer:
At 30 years

Question 11.
What was Mahavira’s teaching?
(a) Live and let live
(b) Neither live nor to be lived
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these
Answer:
Live and let live

Question 12.
What was the term from where the word Jains came?
(a) Jina
(b) Tina
(c) Vika
(d) Dika
Answer:
Jina

Question 13.
What did bhikkhus mean?
(a) Beggar
(b) Achiever
(c) Gainer
(d) Loser
Answer:
Beggar

Question 14.
Where did nuns and monks live?
(a) In caves
(b) In houses
(c) In huts
(d) None of these
Answer:
In caves