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RD SHARMA SOLUTION CHAPTER-8 Solution of Simultaneous Linear Equations I CLASS 12TH MATHEMATICS-EDUGROWN

Chapter 8 Solution of Simultaneous Linear Equations Ex. 8.1

Question 1(i)

Solution 1(i)

Question 1(ii)

Solution 1(ii)

Question 1(iii)

Solution 1(iii)

Question 1(iv)

Solution 1(iv)

Question 1(v)

Solution 1(v)

Question 1(vi)

Solution 1(vi)

Question 2(i)

Solution 2(i)

Question 2(ii)

Solution 2(ii)

Question 2(iii)

Solution 2(iii)

Question 2(iv)

Solution 2(iv)

Question 2(v)

Solution 2(v)

Question 2(vi)

Solution 2(vi)

Question 2(vii)

Solution 2(vii)

Question 2(viii)

Solution 2(viii)

Question 2(ix)

Solution 2(ix)

Question 2(x)

Solution 2(x)

Question 2(xi)

Solution 2(xi)

Question 2(xii)

Solution 2(xii)

Question 2(xiii)

Solution 2(xiii)

Question 2(xiv)

Solution 2(xiv)

Question 3(i)

Solution 3(i)

Question 3(ii)

Solution 3(ii)

Question 3(iii)

Solution 3(iii)

Question 3(iv)

Solution 3(iv)

Question 3(v)

Solution 3(v)

Question 3(vi)

Solution 3(vi)

Question 4(i)

Solution 4(i)

Question 4(ii)

Solution 4(ii)

Question 4(iii)

Solution 4(iii)

Question 4(iv)

Solution 4(iv)

Question 4(v)

Solution 4(v)

Question 4(vi)

Solution 4(vi)

Question 5

Solution 5

Question 6

begin mathsize 12px style If space straight A equals open square brackets table row 3 2 cell negative 4 end cell row 1 1 cell negative 2 end cell end table close square brackets comma space find space straight A to the power of negative 1 end exponent space and space hence space solve space the space system space of space linear space equations 2 straight x minus 3 straight y plus 5 straight z equals 11 comma space 3 straight x plus 2 straight y minus 4 straight z equals negative 5 comma space straight x plus straight y minus 2 straight z equals negative 3 end style

Solution 6

Question 7

Solution 7

Question 8(i)

Solution 8(i)

Question 8(ii)

Solution 8(ii)

Question 8(iii)

Solution 8(iii)

Question 8(iv)

Using A-1, solve the system of linear equations

X – 2y = 10, 2x – y – z = 8 and -2y + z = 7Solution 8(iv)

Question 8(v)

Solution 8(v)

Question 9

Solution 9

Question 10

Solution 10

Question 11

Solution 11

Question 12

Solution 12

Question 13

The management committee of a residential colony decided to award some of its members (say x) for honesty, some (say y) for helping and others (say z) for supervising the workers to keep the colony neat and clean. The sum of all the awardees is 12. Three times the sum of awardees for cooperation and supervision added to two times the number of awardees for honesty is 33. If the sum of the number of awardees for honesty and supervision is twice the number of awardees for helping others, using matrix method, find the number of awardees of each category. Apart from these values, namely, honesty, cooperation and supervision, suggest one more value which the management must include for awards.Solution 13

Question 14

A school wants to award its students for the values of Honesty, Regularity and Hard work with a total cash award of Rs. 6000. Three times the award money for Hard work added to that given for honesty amounts to Rs. 11000. The award money given for Honesty and Hard work together is double the one given for Regularity. Represent the above situation algebraically and find the award for each value, using matrix method. Apart from these values, namely, Honesty, Regularity and Hard work, suggest one more value which the school must include for awards.Solution 14

The school can include an award for creativity and extra-curricular activities.Question 15

Two institutions decided to award their employees for the three values of resourcefulness, competence and determination in the form of prizes at the rate of Rs. x, Rs. y and Rs. z respectively per person. The first institution decided to award respectively 4, 3 and 2 employees with a total prize money of Rs. 37000 and the second institution decided to award respectively 5, 3 and 4 employees with a total prize money of Rs. 47000. If all the three prizes per person together amount to Rs. 12000, then using matrix method find the value of x, y and z. What values are described in these equations?Solution 15

Question 16

Two factories decided to award their employees for three values of (a) adaptable to new techniques, (b) careful and alert in difficult situations and (c) keeping calm in tense situations, at the rate of Rs. x, Rs. y and Rs. z per person respectively. The first factory decided to honour respectively 2, 4 and 3 employees with a total prize money of Rs. 29000. The second factory decided to honour respectively 5, 2 and 3 employees with the prize money of Rs. 30500. If the three prizes per person together cost Rs 9500, then

(i) represent the above situation by matrix equation and form linear equations using matrix multiplication.

(ii) Solve these equations using matrices.

(iii) Which values are reflected in the questions?Solution 16

Keeping calm in a tense situation is more rewarding than carefulness, and carefulness is more rewarding than adaptability.Question 17

Two schools A and B want to award their selected students on the values of sincerity, truthfulness and helpfulness. The school A wants to award Rs. x each Rs. y each and Rs. z each for the three respective values to 3, 2 and 1 students respectively with a total award money of Rs. 1,600. School B wants to spend Rs 2,300 to award its 4, 1 and 3 students on the respective values (by giving the same award money to the three values as before). If the total amount of award for one prize on each value is Rs 900, using matrices, find the award money for each value. Apart from these three values, suggest one more value which should be considered for award.Solution 17

Question 18

Two schools P and Q want to award their selected students on the values of Discipline, Politeness and Punctuality. The school P wants to award Rs. x each, Rs. y each and Rs. z each for the three respectively values to its 3, 2 and 1 students with a total award money of Rs. 1,000. School Q wants to spend Rs. 1,500 to award its 4, 1 and 3 students on the respective values (by giving the same award money for three values as before). If the total amount of awards for one prize on each value is Rs. 600, using matrices, find the award money for each value. Apart from the above three values, suggest one more value for awards.Solution 18

Question 19

Two schools P and Q want to award their selected students on the values of Tolerance, Kindness and Leadership. The school P wants to award Rs. x each, Rs. y each and Rs. z each for the three respectively values to its 3, 2 and 1 students with a total award money of Rs. 2,200. School Q wants to spend Rs. 3,100 to award its 4, 1 and 3 students on the respective values (by giving the same award money to the three values as school P). If the total amount of award for one prize on each values is Rs. 1,200, using matrices, find the award money for each value. Apart from these three values, suggest one more value which should be considered for award.Solution 19

Question 20

A total amount of Rs. 7000 is deposited in three different saving bank accounts with annual interest rates 5%, 8% and 8.5% respectively. The total annual interest from these three accounts is Rs. 550. Equal amounts have been deposited in the 5% and 8% savings accounts. Find the amount deposited in each of the three accounts, with the help of matrices.Solution 20

Let the amount deposited be x, y and z respectively.

As per the data in the question, we get

Question 8(vi)

If   find A-1 and hence solve the system of equations 2x + y – 3z = 13, 3x + 2y + z = 4, x + 2y – z = 8.Solution 8(vi)

Therefore, A is invertible.

Let Cij be the co-factors of the elements aij.

Now, the given system of equations is expressible as

Here we have |AT| = |A| = -16 ≠ 0

Therefore, the given system of equations is consistent with a unique solution given by

Question 8(vii)

Use the product   to solve the system of equations x + 3z = -9, -x + 2y – 2z = 4, 2x – 3y + 4z = -3.Solution 8(vii)

Let 

Now, 

Now, the given system of equations is expressible as

Here we have |BT| = |B| = -1 ≠ 0

Therefore, the given system of equations is consistent with a unique solution given by

Hence, x = 36, y = 5 and z = -15.Question 21

A shopkeeper has 3 varieties of pens ‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘C’. Meenu purchased 1 pen of each variety for a total of Rs. 21. Jeen purchased 4 pens of ‘A’ variety, 3 pens of ‘B’ variety and 2 pens of ‘C’ variety for Rs. 60. Using matrix method find the cost of each pen.Solution 21

From the given information, we can form a matrix as follows

Applying R2→ R2 – 4R1, R3→ R3 – 6R1

Applying R3→ R3 + (-4R1)

From the above matrix form, we get

A + B + C = 21 … (i)

-B – 2C = -24 … (ii)

5C = 40

⇒ C = 8 … (iii)

Putting the value of C in (ii), we get

B = 8

Substituting B and C in (i), we get

C = 5

Hence, cost of variety ‘A’ pen is Rs. 8, cost of variety B pen is Rs. 8 and cost of variety ‘C’ pen is Rs. 5.

Chapter 8 Solution of Simultaneous Linear Equations Ex. 8.2

Question 1

Solution 1

Question 2

Solution 2

Question 3

Solution 3

Question 4

Solution 4

Question 5

Solution 5

Question 6

Solution 6

Question 7

Solution 7

Question 8

Solution 8

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CHAPTER- 8 India Climate Vegetation and Wildlife | Important Questions & MCQs | CLASS 6th | Social Science Geography | NCERT| EDUGROWN

NCERT Important Questions & MCQs for Class 6 Social Science History

NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science includes all the questions provided in NCERT Class 6 Social Science Text book of Geography The Earth: Our Habitat, History Our Pasts, Civics Social and Political Life. Here CBSE Class 6 SST all questions are solved with the detailed explanation to score good marks in the exams.

CHAPTER- 8 India Climate Vegetation and Wildlife

Multiple Choice Questions

Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.
Day to day changes in the atmosphere are known as?
(a) Weather
(b) Vegetation
(c) Mausium
(d) None of these
Answer:
Weather

Question 2.
What is the duration of cold season in India?
(a) March to May
(b) October to November
(c) December to February
(d) All of these
Answer:
December to February

Question 3.
During the winter season the sun rays
(a) fall directly
(b) don’t fall directly
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
Answer:
don’t fall directly

Question 4.
During the summer season
(a) temperature becomes very low
(b) temperature becomes very high
(c) heavy rainfalls
(d ) none of these
Answer:
temperature becomes very high

Question 5.
What do moisture laden winds strike to cause rainfall?
(a) River
(b) Sea
(c) Mountain
(d) All of these
Answer:
Mountain

Question 6.
Agriculture in India is dependent on
(a) rains
(b) drought
(c) winds
(d) all of these
Answer:
rains

Question 7.
From which language is the word monsoon taken?
(a) Latin
(b) Arabic
(c) English
(d) None of these
Answer:
Arabic

Question 8.
What would happen if the monsoons are weak in a year?
(a) Water level will go-down
(b) Crops will be affected
(c) Summer will be longer
(d) All of these
Answer:
All of these

Question 9.
Which state has freezing cold during the winter season in India?
(a) Rajasthan
(b) Bihar
(c) Madhya Pradesh
(d) Jammu and Kashmir
Answer:
Jammu and Kashmir

Question 10.
Which of the following is flowering plant?
(a) Tulsi
(b) Rose
(c) Cactus
(d) None of these
Answer:
Rose

Question 11.
Due to which condition India has a wide range of natural vegetation?
(a) Climatic condition
(b) Rainy condition
(c) Summer condition
(d) Winter condition
Answer:
Climatic condition

Question 12.
Which of the following has Tropical Rain Forest?
(a) Western ghats forest
(b) Sahara desert
(c) Jaisalmer
(d) Bikaner
Answer:
Western ghats forest

Question 13.
In which direction does the wind blow during south west monsoon season?
(a) Land to sea
(b) Sea to land
(c) Both (a) and (6)
(d) None of these
Answer:
Sea to land

Question 14.
In which state are the cactus, khair, Babool, Keekar etc. found?
(a) Rajasthan
(b) Bihar
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these
Answer:
Rajasthan

Question 15.
What are natural habitat of wildlife?
(a) Forests
(b)Rivers
(c) Plains
(d) All of these
Answer:
Forests

Question 16.
During the night time, which gas is released by the plants?
(a) Oxygen
(b) Carbon dioxide
(e) Hydrogen
(d) Lithium
Answer:
Carbon dioxide

Question 17.
What important programmes can we have to improve greenery of our earth?
(a) Annual day of a school
(b) Sport day of a school
(c) Van Mahotsava
(d) All of these
Answer:
Van Mahotsava

Question 18.
Forests are responsible for
(a) high temperature
(b) low temperature
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
Answer:
low temperature

Question 19.
Mangrove forests are found in
(a) West Bengal
(b) Mumbai
(c) Delhi
(d) None of these
Answer:
West Bengal

Very Short Answer Type

Question 1.
Define weather and climate.
Answer:

  • Weather is the condition of atmosphere of a place at a particular time.
  • Climate is the average weather over a long period of time.

Question 2.
Why is it said that agriculture in India is dependent on monsoon?
Answer:
Agriculture in India is dependent on monsoon because:

  • good monsoons mean adequate rain and bountiful crops.
  • weak monsoons mean scanty rains and bountiless crops.

India Climate Vegetation and Wildlife Class 6 Extra Questions Short Answer Type

Question 1.
What is the climate of India? How has this name been given to the climate?
Answer:

  • The climate of India is broadly Monsoon climate.
  • Monsoon has been derived from the Arabic word ‘mausim’ which means seasons.
  • India is located in the tropical zone, hence most of the rain is brought by monsoon winds.

Question 2.
Why do we experience regional differences in the climate of India?
Answer:
The climate of a place is decided by the following factors:

  1. location
  2. altitude
  3. distance from sea
  4. relief

Hence, we experience regional differences in the climate of India.

  • Jaisalmer and Bikaner in the Rajasthan Desert are very hot, on the other hand Drass and Kargil in Jammu and Kashmir are freezing cold, due to difference in altitude and location.
  • Places at the coast like Mumbai and Kolkata experience moderate climate.
  • They are neither too hot nor too cold.
  • These places are very humid.
  • Mawsynram in Meghalaya receives the world’s highest rainfall, on the other hand it might not rain at all in Jaisalmer in Rajasthan, in a particular year.

Question 3.
State the seasons which have been recognised in India. Also mention their periods.
Answer:
Broadly, four  major seasons are recognised in India.

SeasonsTheir period
1. Cold Weather season (Winter)December to February.
2. Hot Weather season (Summer)March to May
3. Southwest Monsoon season (Rainy)June to September
4. Season of Retreating MonsoonOctober and November

Question 4.
Describe major features of the Tropical Deciduous Forests.
Answer:
Tropical Deciduous Forests.
Tropical Deciduous Forests are also called monsoon forests.

  • They are less dense.
  • They shed their leaves at a particular time of the year.
  • Important trees of these forests are sal, teak, peepal, neem and shisham.
  • Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Orissa and parts of Maharashtra abound in these forests.

Question 5.
Give an account of the features of Thom Forests.
Answer:
Thorn Forests

  • Thorn forests are found in dry areas of the country.
  • Their leaves are in the form of spines to reduce loss of water.
  • Cactus, khair, babool, keekar are their important trees.
  • They are found in the states of Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, Eastern slopes of Western Ghats and Gujarat.

Question 6.
Explain major features of Mangrove Forests.
Answer:
Mangrove Forests

  • Mangrove forests thrive in saline water.
  • They are found in Sunderbans in West Bengal and in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
  • Sundari is a well-known species of trees of these forests. The delta of Ganga, Brahmaputra has been named Sundarbans after the Sundari trees.

Question 7.
Why are forests necessary?
Answer:
Forests are necessary because of the following reasons:

  • Forests are very useful for us.
  • They perform various functions.
  • Plants release oxygen that we breathe and absorb carbondioxide which we exhale.
  • The roots of the plants bind the soil which results in control of soil erosion.
  • Forests provide us timber for furniture, fuel wood, fodder, medicinal plants and herbs, lac, honey, gum, etc.
  • Forests are natural habitat of wildlife.

India Climate Vegetation and Wildlife Class 6 Extra Questions Geography Chapter 8 S - Q7

Question 8.
Why has natural vegetation been destroyed? What should we do to check this trend?
Answer:

  • Natural vegetation has been destroyed to a large extent because of reckless cutting of trees.
  • We should do the following to check this trend.
  • We should plant trees in a big way.
  • We should also protect the existing ones.
  • We should make people aware about the importance of trees.
  • We should have special programmes like Van Mahotsav to involve more people in making our earth green.

Question 9.
Give an account of some important migratory birds.
Answer:
Migratory Birds.

  • Some birds migrate to our country in winter season every year.
  • They are Pelican, Siberian crane, Flamingo, Pintail Duck, Curlew. Siberian cranes migrate from Siberia.
  • They arrive in December. They stay till early March.
  • Then they return to their native region.

Question 10.
What has been done in order to protect wildlife?
Answer:

  • In order to protect wildlife numerous national parks, sanctuaries and biosphere reserves have been setup.
  • Government of India has also started Project Tiger and Project Elephant to protect these endangered species.

Question 11.
How can you contribute in conserving wildlife?
Answer:
We can contribute in conserving wildlife in the following manner:

  • We can refuse to buy things made from the parts of the bodies of animals, like their bones, horns, skins and feathers.
  • We should observe wildlife week in the first week of October.

It will help in creating awareness about conserving the habitats of the animal kingdom.

India Climate Vegetation and Wildlife Class 6 Extra Questions Long Answer Type

Question 1.
Distinguish between a national park and a sanctuary.
Answer:
A National Park and A Sanctuary

A National Park

A Sanctuary

1. A National park is a reserved area where wild animals are preserved in their natural setting.1. A Sanctuary is a reserved area where endangered species are preserved and developed.
2. The purpose of setting up of national parks is to preserve natural vegetation, natural beauty and wildlife.2. The purpose of a sanctuary is to preserve endangered animals and birds.
3. At present there are 83 national parks in the country.3. Almost every state and union territory has sanctuaries. At present there are 447 sanctuaries in India.
4. Kanha, Corbett National Park are good examples of national parks.4. Sariska Bird Sanctuary is a good example of a sanctuary.

Question 2.
Describe the climatic conditions in the four major seasons.
Answer:
Climatic conditions in four seasons:
Cold Weather Season or Winter:

  • During the cold weather (winter) season, cool, dry winds blow from the North¬West to the South-East in N-W and North-West India and from N-E to S-W in the South India.
  • Sun rays do not fall straight in the region north of the Tropic of Capricorn.
  • It results in the low temperatures in northern India.

Hot Weather Season or Summer:

  • The northward movement of the sun from the equator leads to a rise in temperature in India.
  • Hot and dry winds called loo, blow during the day.
  • Temperatures are at their high.

Southwest Monsoon Season or Rainy Season:

  • This season is characterised by the onset and advance of monsoon.
  • Wind blows from the Indian ocean towards the land.
  • They are moisture laden. When this wind is hindered by the high mountain barriers of the north they ascend along their slopes, get condensed and cause rainfall all over the country.

Season of Retreating Monsoons or Autumn:

  • Winds move and turn back from the mainland to the Indian ocean.
  • This season is called the season of the retreating monsoons.
  • Coastal areas of India, particularly Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh coasts receive rainfall in this season.

Question 3.
What is natural vegetation? Why are different types of vegetation found in India?
Answer:

  • Grasses, shrubs and trees, which grow on their own without interference or help from human beings is called natural vegetation.
  • Different types of natural vegetation are found over the globe due to different climatic conditions, among which the amount of rainfall is very important.

Climatic conditions vary in India from place to place, region to region. Hence India has a wide range of natural vegetation.

  • Tropical evergreen forest
  • Tropical deciduous forest
  • Thorny forest
  • Mountain vegetation and
  • Mangrove forests.

Question 4.
Give main features of Tropical Rain Forests.
Answer:
Tropical Rain Forests.

  • Tropical Rain Forests occur in the areas of heavy rainfall.
  • They are dense and even sunlight doesn’t reach the ground.
  • Numerous species of trees are found in these forests. They shed their leaves at different times of the year. Hence, they always appear green and are also called evergreen forests.
  • Mahogany, ebony and rosewood are important trees.
  • These forests are found in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, parts of the north-eastern states and a narrow strip of the western slope of the Western Ghats.

Question 5.
State the major features of mountain vegetation. .
Answer:
Mountain Vegetation.

  • A wide range of species is found on the mountains according to height.
  • With increase in height up the mountains, temperature falls and rainfall decreases.
  • At a height between 1500 metres and 2500 metres most of the trees have pointed leaves.
  • These trees are called coniferous trees.
  • Chir, Pine and Deodar are important trees found in mountain vegetation.

Question 6.
Give an account of the wildlife.
Answer:

  • Forests are homes of wildlife.
  • There are about 80,000 species of animals and large varieties of reptiles, amphibians, mammals, birds, insects and worms.
  • Tiger is our national animal.
  • It is found in various parts of the country.
  • Gir forest in Gujarat is the home of lions.
  • Elephants and one-horned rhinoceroses live in the forests of Assam, Kerala and Karnataka.
  • Camels and wild asses are found in the Thar desert and the Rann of Kutch.
  • Wild goats, Snow leopards, lesser panda, bears, inhabit the Himalayan region.
  • Numerous other animals are found in our country like, monkey, wolf, jackal, nilgai, cheetah, etc.

Question 7.
How is India rich in bird life? Explain the result of deforestation and hunting of birds.
Answer:

  •  India is rich in bird life.
  • Birds found in our area are crow, sparrow, pigeon, parrot, koel etc.
  • Peacock is our national bird.
  • Other birds are parrots, pigeons, mynah, geese, bulbul and ducks.
  • Crow, goose, gursal, vulture and owl are major birds that are commonly found in our area.
  • Deforestation and hunting have resulted in the disappearance of several species of wildlife of India.
  • Many species have already become extinct.

Question 8.
Differentiate between the seasons of Advancing and Retreating Monsoon.
Answer:

A National ParkA Sanctuary
1. The season from June to September is of advancing monsoon. It is also named as SW monsoon.1. The period from 2nd week of September to November-end is the period of retreating monsoon.
2. The monsoon winds blow from sea to land. Hence they are moisture laden and cause wide spread rainfall all over India2. These monsoon winds begfct to withdraw from land. Hence they leave the land dry. They do not cause any rains over most parts of the country except the Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu coasts.
3. 385% to 90% of the annual rainfall occurs during the period of these monsoon winds.3. Less than 5% of annual rainfall occurs during this period.
4. The two branches of this monsoon are the Arabian Sea branch and the Bay of Bengal branch. They cause rainfall all over India.

 

 

4. Retreating monsoon winds after passing over the Bay of Bengal cause rains on the Orissa, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu coasts.

Question 9.
Explain the factors that influence the climate of India.
Answer:
The following factors influence the climate of India:

1. Tropic of Cancer. Tropic of Cancer (23°30′ N) passes through the middle of the country dividing it almost into two halves. Southern portion of India falls in the tropical zone while northern portion in the sub-tropical or temperature zone. During summer the entire country experiences high temperature. During winter southern portion remains warm, moderate while some parts of Himalayan region experiences temperature below freezing point. Hence our country lies in tropical zone and its climate is tropical.

2. The Himalayas. The Himalayas protect India from cold and chilly winds of the central India in winter. They cause the SW monsoon winds to shed their moisture all over India and thus provide rains to us. Had there been no Himalayas, India would have been a very hot and dry desert.

3. Peninsular Shape of South India. Due to peninsular shape of south India, Bay of Bengal and Arabian sea exert their moderating effect on the entire peninsula. Thus its climate is equable.

4. Relief. Relief also plays an important role in the climate of India. High mountains are cooler than plains. Due to cool climate of hilly regions in India several hill resorts have come into being such as Dharmshala, Shimla, Kullu, Manali, Mussoorie, Darjeeling in the Himalayas and Kodai Kanal and Udagamadalam (Ooty) on the Peninsular plateau.

Rainfall distribution is also attributed to relief. Windward sides of the mountains receive heavy rainfall while leeward side remains dry or receives very scanty rainfall. It is because of this reason that Mahabaleshwar receives 625 cm of rainfall while Pune only 63 cm of rainfall.

Question 10.
Why have certain species of animals become extinct in our country? What is being done to preserve wildlife?
Answer:
Wildlife is very important for us. But we have depleted its habitat, the forests very fast. Moreover, we have hunted wild animals and poached them indiscriminately. The result is that many of these wildlife face the danger of their extinction. The major animals which face extinction are antelopes, lions, tigers, black bucks, bustards etc. Hence there is an urgent need to conserve them.

Measures taken to preserve wildlife:

  • Hunting and poaching of wild animals have been banned.
  • Strict and severe punishments are accorded to defaulters.
  • National parks, zoos, sanctuaries and biosphere reserves have been set up more and more in number all over the country.
  • We are well-maintaining the existing reserves.
  • More and more birds and animals are being declared national birds and animals.
  • Programmes like ‘project tiger’ and ‘project elephant’ have been taken in hand to preserve and conserve wildlife.

Question 11.
What are the major and minor forest products of India?
Answer:
(1) Major Forest Products. The major forest products are as under:

  • The major forest product is wood. It is used both as fuel and as timber.
  • Coniferous forests of the Himalayan region supply us soft wood from pines, spruce, silver fir and deodar. They are used as timber. Silver fir and spruce are also used in making paper, match, newsprint and cellulose.
  • Monsoon forests provide us sal and teak which are used as timber.
  • Bamboos are used nowadays for making paper and newsprint.
  • Rosewood is used for making furniture and decorative pieces of wood carvings.
  • Sandalwood is used for decorative purposes with added advantage of its fine scent.

(2) Minor forest products. Minor forest products are as delineated as under:

  • Lac (b) resins (c) gums (d) medicinal herbs (e) kattha (f) fodder (g) tendu leaves and (h) grass.
  • Lac is the secretion of an insect which grows on sap of plash and kusum trees.
  • Resins are obtained from pine trees. Turpentine is made of it.
  • Khair trees provide kattha. It is made by boiling their chips.

Question 12.
Write in brief how and why India receives the bulk of its rainfall in the months from June to September.
Answer:
By the end of May the north-west low pressure region becomes very much intense. This region attracts the south-east trade winds blowing from the Tropic of Capricorn to the equator in the south hemisphere. They are moisture laden and extend over the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian sea. Suddenly the upper air circulation catches them up over India and their direction is deflected from the south easterly into south westerly winds. These winds, hence, are known as south-west monsoon.

Indian Peninsula deflects them into two branches, the Arabian Sea branch and the Bay of Bengal branch.

The Arabian Sea branch ascends the Western Ghats and sheds almost all its moisture. Here the rainfall is heavy. Then it descends the Ghats and gets hot. Thus on the eastern slopes rainfall is less, causing rain shadow area. Further eastwards rainfall goes on decreasing.

The northern sub branch of this branch enters India through the Bay of Khambat and passes over the Runn of Kutch and Rajasthan. No mountain acts as barrier in its path. Aravalli hills are parallel to these winds. Rajasthan is too hot to allow precipitation. Hence this region receives very scanty rainfall. The branch advances further and causes some rainfall over Delhi and adjoining regions mixing with the Bay of Bengal branch.

The Bay of Bengal branch first strikes the Arakanyoma in Myanmar and the Himalayas and causes heaviest rainfall of the world near Cherrapunji (in Meghalaya). Then the Himalayas deflect these winds westwards. They cause rainfall upto Punjab. The amount of rainfall decreases with advancing towards west and northwest.

These two branches over run the entire country in four to five weeks, say from the 1st week of June to the second week of July. Up to the end of September the south-west monsoon winds have their impact and the bulk of the annual rainfall occurs during this season.

Question 13.
Give reasons and explain.

  • The temperatures are low in Northern India during winter season.
  • Tropical rainforests are called evergreen forests.
  • Many species of wildlife are facing extinction.

Answer:
1. The temperatures are low in Northern India during winter season because of the following reasons:

  • During winter the sun rays shine very slanting in north India.
  • Being an expanse of land; it becomes very cold in winter, due to the fact that land gets cold when sun rays are slanting and hot when sun rays are vertical or perpendicular.
  • Southern India is of peninsular shape. Effect of ocean does not allow temperatures to drop even during winter.
  • On landmass terrestrial radiation is more speedy than receipt of temperature (insolation) during winter in north India.

2 Tropical Rain forests are called evergreen because of the following reasons:

  • Trees do not shed their leaves simultaneously.
  • Period of shedding leaves of the trees is different in each case. Hence, trees look evergreen.

3. Many species of wildlife are facing extinction because of the following reasons:

  • The natural habitat of the wildlife, the forests has been destroyed considerably due to wreckless cutting of trees/forests.
  • Hunting of animals/birds has been very rapid.
  • Poachers have killed numerous wildlife animals.
  • Climatic changes have also resulted in the extinction of many species of wildlife.
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CHAPTER- 7 Our Country India | Important Questions & MCQs | CLASS 6th | Social Science Geography | NCERT| EDUGROWN

NCERT Important Questions & MCQs for Class 6 Social Science History

NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science includes all the questions provided in NCERT Class 6 Social Science Text book of Geography The Earth: Our Habitat, History Our Pasts, Civics Social and Political Life. Here CBSE Class 6 SST all questions are solved with the detailed explanation to score good marks in the exams.

CHAPTER- 7 Our Country India

Multiple Choice Questions

Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.
In which direction of India is the Himalayas located?
(a) East
(b) West
(c) North
(d) South
Answer:
North

Question 2.
Where is the Bay of Bengal?
(a) In the east direction of India
(b) In the West direction of India
(c) In the north direction of India
(d) In the South direction of India
Answer:
In the east direction of India

Question 3.
India is located in the
(a) northern hemisphere
(b) Southern hemisphere
(c) both and : (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
Answer:
northern hemisphere

Question 4.
Which country shares land boundaries with 7 countries?
(a) China
(b) Australia
(c) India
(d) Africa
Answer:
India

Question 5.
Where does the Great Indian desert lie?
(a) In the eastern part of India
(b) In the western part of India
(c) In the northern part of India
(d) In the southern part of India
Answer:
In the western part of India

6. What lies to the south of northern plains of India?
(a) Great Indian desert
(b) Peninsular plateau
(c) Vindhyas
(d) Western Ghats
Answer:
Peninsular plateau

Question 7.
Where do the rivers Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri drain?
(a) Western Ghats
(b) Lakshadweep
(c) Bay of Bengal
(d) None of these
Answer:
Bay of Bengal

Question 8.
The Indian island in the Arabian sea is known as
(a) Andaman and Nicobar Island
(b) Maldives
(c) Lakshadweep
(d) None of these
Answer:
Lakshadweep

9. Which hills are located in Rajasthan?
(a) Aravali hills
(b) Western Ghats
(c) Himalayas
(d) All of these
Answer:
Aravali hills

Question 10.
Number of states in India divided for administrative purpose is
(a) 21
(b) 23
(c) 25
(d) 28
Answer:
28

Question 11.
How many Union Territories are there in India?
(a) 4
(b) 6
(c) 7
(d) 8
Answer:
7

Question 12.
Which is the National Capital of India?
(a) Mumbai
(b) Kolkata
(c) Chennai
(d) New Delhi
Answer:
New Delhi

 Very Short Answer Type

Question 1.
Define Polyps. How are coral islands formed?
Answer:

  • Coral are tiny marine animals. They are called polyps.
  • When the living polyps die their skeletons are left. Other polyps grow on top of the hardened skeleton which grow higher and higher in course of time. Thus coral islands are formed.

Our Country India Class 6 Extra Questions Short Answer Type

Question 1.
Describe the boundaries of India.
Answer:
Boundaries of India.

  • India is a country of vast geographical expanse.
  • It is bounded by the mighty Himalayas in the north.
  • Arabian sea bounds it in the west.
  • Bay of Bengal forms its boundary in the east.
  • Indian ocean bounds it in the south.

Question 2.
How is India a country of vast geographical expanse?
Answer:

  • India has an area of about 32.8 crore hectares.
  • Its north-south extent from Kashmir to Kanyakumari is about 3200 kms.
  • It extends east-west from Arunachal Pradesh to Kuchchh over 2900 kms.
  • The lofty mountains, the Thar desert, the Northern plains, Peninsular Plateau, east and west coasts and islands present a diversity of land forms.

Question 3.
How does unity in diversity exist in India?
Answer:

  • There is a great variety in climate, vegetation, wildlife as well as language and culture in India.
  • In this diversity there is unity. It is reflected in traditions that bind us as one nation.
  • India has a population of 122 crore according to Census of 2011.
  • It is the second most populous country of the world after China.

Question 4.
Enumerate the physical divisions of India.
Answer:
Physical Divisions of India:

  • The Himalayan Mountains
  • The North Indian Plains
  • The Pennisular Plateau
  • The Islands
  • The Coastal Plains.

Question 5.
Define delta. Which delta is the world’s largest delta? Where is it situated?
Answer:
Delta:  Delta is triangular deposition of the debris brought and deposited by rivers at their mouth. The Ganga and the Brahmaputra form the world’s largest delta.
Our Country India Class 6 Extra Questions Geography Chapter 7 S - Q5
The Sunderban delta is situated at the mouth of the Ganga and Brahmaputra rivers at the head of the Bay of Bengal.

Question 6.
Distinguish between Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats.
Answer:

The Western GhatsThe Eastern Ghats
1. The western edge of the Peninsular plateau is called the western ghats.1. The eastern edge of the Peninsular plateau is called eastern ghats.
2. They are continuous.2. They are discontinuous as they are broken at places.
3. They consist of Sahyadri, the Nilgiri, the Annamalai and the Cardamom hills.3. They consist of Mahendra Giri and Malaya Giri ranges.
4. Their height ranges between 1000 and 1600 metre from mean sea level.4. Their height is 300 to 900 metres from mean sea level.

Question 7.
What is the locational extent of India? State the effect of East-West extent of India on time.
Answer:
Location.

  • India is located in the Northern hemisphere in respect of latitudes and the Eastern hemisphere in respect of longitudes.
  • Tropic of Cancer (23°30′ N) passes almost through the middle of the country.
  • From South to North, India is located between 6°4′ N latitudes and 37°6′ N latitudes.
  • From West to East, India extends between 68°7′ E and 97°25′ E longitudes.

Effect of East-West extent on Time:

  • The west to east extent leads to difference in local time from meridian to meridian.
  • The local time changes by 4 minutes for every 1° difference in longitude (meridian).
  • The time difference between the two extreme west and east points (Gujarat and Arunachal Pradesh) of India is about 2 hours.
  • The sun rises 2 hours earlier in the east than in the west.
  • The local time of 82°30′ E longitude is taken as the Indian Standard Time.
  • This longitude is known as the Standard Meridian of India.
  • Its time is taken as standard throughout the country.
  • All watches in the country run according to the time of this meridian.
  • Its time is called as 1ST.

Question 8.
Describe the neighbouring countries of India.
Answer:
India’s Neighbours

  • India’s neighbours are those countries which have common boundaries with India.
  • There are seven countries which have common land boundaries with India.
  • They are Pakistan, Afghanistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, Bangladesh and China.
  • In the Indian Ocean our island neighbours-Sri Lanka and Maldives lie.
  • Sri Lanka is separated from India by the Palk Strait.

Our Country India Class 6 Extra Questions Geography Chapter 7 S - Q8

Our Country India Class 6 Extra Questions Long Answer Type

Question 1.
Describe the Himalayas.
Answer:
The Himalayas:

  • The Himalayas stands as sentinels in the North.
  • They are the lofty snow capped Himalayas.
  • Himalaya means ‘the Abode of Snow’.

The Himalayan mountains are divided into three main parallel ranges.

  • The northernmost is the Great Himalayas or Himadri. The world’s highest peaks like Mt. Everest, Kanchanjunga are located in this range.
  • Middle Himalayas or Himachal lies to the South of Himadri. Numerous popular hill stations are situated here. Mussorie, Chakrata, Dharmashala, Kullu and Manali are important hill stations.
  • The Shiwaliks are the southernmost range of the Himalayas. It has several longitudinal valleys called ‘dunes’. Dehradun, Kotharidun, Patlidun are some examples of these valleys.

Question 2.
Give an account of the Northern Indian Plains.
Answer:
The Northern Indian Plains

  • The Northern Indian plains lie to the south of the Himalayas.
  • They are generally plain and flat.
  • Alluvial deposits laid down by the rivers have formed these plains.
  • Ganga, Brahmaputra and their tributaries flow through these plains.
  • They provide fertile land for cultivation. Hence high density of population is found in the plains.

Thar desert lies in the western part of India. It is a dry, hot and sandy stretch of land.

  • It has very little vegetation.
  • Very few people live in this desert.

Question 3.
Explain major features of Peninsular Plateau.
Answer:
Peninsular Plateau:
South of the northern plains lies the Peninsular plateau.

  • It is triangle shaped.
  • Its relief is highly uneven.
  • It has numerous hill ranges and valleys. Aravali hills is one of the oldest ranges of the world. It borders the plateau on the northwest side.
  • The Vindhyas and the Satpuras are the other important ranges.
  • Narmada and Tapi flow through these ranges. They are west flowing rivers. They drain water into the Arabian sea.
  • The Western Ghats or Sahyadris border the plateau in the west and the Eastern Ghats form its eastern boundary.

Our Country India Class 6 Extra Questions Geography Chapter 7 L - Q3

  • Western Ghats are almost continuous.
  • The Eastern Ghats are broken and uneven.
  • The plateau is rich in minerals. Coal and iron-ore are the important minerals found on this plateau.

Question 4.
Describe the Coastal Plains and the Island groups.
Answer:
The Coastal Plains.

  • To the west of the Western Ghats and to the east of Eastern Ghats the Coastal Plains lie.
  • The Western Coastal Plains are very narrow.
  • Narmada and Tapi, the only west flowing rivers drain this coastal plain. The Eastern Coastal Plains are broad.
  • Numerous east flowing rivers, like Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri drain water into the Bay of Bengal.
    They have formed fertile deltas at their mouth.

Islands:
Two groups of islands are also an integral part of India.

  • Lakshadweep Islands are located in the Arabian sea.
  • These are coral islands located off the coast of Kerala.
  • The Andaman and the Nicobar Islands lie to the south-east of the Indian mainland in the Bay of Bengal.

Question 5.
With the help of a map of India describe the political and ad:n nislr;oi. visions of India,
Answer:
Political and Administrative Divisions of India.

  • India is a vast country.
  • It has been divided into 29 states and 7 union territories for administrative purpose.
  • New Delhi is the capital of India.
  • The states have been formed mainly on the basis of languages. Rajasthan is the largest state and Goa is the smallest state in terms of area.
  • The states are further divided into districts.
States/Union TerritoriesArea (sq. km)Capital
1. Andhra Pradesh1,60,205Hyderabad
2. Arunachal Pradesh83,743Itanagar
3. Assam78,438Dispur
4. Bihar94,163Patna
5. Goa3,702Panaji
6. Gujarat1,96,024Gandhi Nagar
7. Haryana44,212Chandigarh
8. Himachal Pradesh55,673Shimla
9. Jammu and Kashmir2,22,236Srinagar
10. Karnataka1,91,791Bangaluru
11. Kerala38,863Thiruvananthapuram
12. Madhya Pradesh3,08,346Bhopal
13. Maharashtra3,07,713Mumbai
14. Manipur22,327,Imphal
15. Meghalaya22,429Shillong
16. Mizoram21,081Aizwal

 

17.Nagaland16,579KoKima
18.Orissa1,55,707Bhubaneshwar
19. Punjab50,362Chandigarh
20.Rajasthan3,42,239Jaipur
21.Sikkim7,096Gangtok
22.Tamil Nadu1,30,058Chennai
23.Tripura10,491Agartala
24.Uttar Pradesh2,38,566Lucknow
25.West Bengal88,752Kolkata
26.Chattisgarh1,35,194Raipur
27.Jharkhand79,714Ranchi
28.Uttaranchal55,845Dehradun
29.Telangna1,12,077Hyderabad
30.Andaman and Nicobar Islands8,249Port Blair
31.Chandigarh114Chandigarh
32.Dadar and Nagar Haveli491Silwasa
33.Daman and Diu112do
34.Delhi1,483New Delhi
35.Lakshadweep32Kawaratti
36.Pondicherry492Pondicherry
INDIA32,87,263 

Question 6.
Describe Himalayan rivers of India.
Answer:
The Himalayan Rivers are further divided into two sub-groups:

  1. The Indus River System and
  2. The Ganga-Brahmaputra River System.

1.  The Indus River System. Rivers of this system originate in the western Himalayas and western Tibetan plateau. They flow from north-east to north and then towards south-west, and fall into the Arabian sea. Major rivers of the system are the Indus and its tributaries like the Satluj, the Jhelum, the Chenab, the Beas and the Ravi. The Indus is believed to have been originated before the building of the Himalayas. Hence it is called an antecedent drainage.

These rivers flow through Punjab and Haryana and then through Pakistan before falling into the Arabian Sea.

2. The Ganga-Brahmaputra River System. This river system originates in the Himalayas, the Tibet Plateau, flows into the great plains of the north from west to east and then falls into the Bay of Bengal.

Major rivers of this system are the Ganga and its tributaries, the Yamuna and its tributaries like Chambal and Betwa, the Brahmaputra and its tributaries. The Ganga’s tributaries are Yamuna, Gomti, Sharda, Ghaghara, Gandak, Kosi, Tista. All these rivers have
Our Country India Class 6 Extra Questions Geography Chapter 7 L - Q6
formed the great plains of the north. They are most fertile areas of the world. Agriculture is the main occupation of the people. Ganga-Brahmaputra Delta is the largest delta of the world.

Question 7.
Describe the Peninsular River system of India.
Answer:
Peninsular River System. Peninsular river system is further sub-divided as:

  1. Rivers flowing into the Arabian sea and
  2. Rivers flowing into the Bay of Bengal.

1. Rivers which flow into the Arabian sea include the Narmada and the Tapti (Tapi). They originate on the Deccan plateau and flow westwards into the Arabian sea. These rivers form estuaries and not delta.

2. Rivers flowing into the Bay of Bengal are Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri. All these rivers form deltas. Most of the Peninsular rivers are rapid flowing as the terrain through which they flow is hard and sloppy. They are ideal for generating hydel power.

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CHAPTER- 6 Major Landforms of the Earth | Important Questions & MCQs | CLASS 6th | Social Science Geography | NCERT| EDUGROWN

NCERT Important Questions & MCQs for Class 6 Social Science History

NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science includes all the questions provided in NCERT Class 6 Social Science Text book of Geography The Earth: Our Habitat, History Our Pasts, Civics Social and Political Life. Here CBSE Class 6 SST all questions are solved with the detailed explanation to score good marks in the exams.

CHAPTER- 6 Major Landforms of the Earth

Multiple Choice Questions

Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.
The wearing away of the earth’s surface is called
(a) mountains
(b) plateau
(c) erosion
(d) deposition
Answer:
erosion

Question 2.
In some mountains there are permanently frozen rivers of ice known as
(a) river valley
(b) glaciers
(c) plateaus
(d) none of these
Answer:
glaciers

Question 3.
The lower blocks in Block Mountains are
(a) graben
(b) horsts
(c) glaciers
(d) none of these
Answer:
graben

Question 4.
Mountains may be arranged in a line known as
(a) horsts
(b) range
(c) glacier
(d) all of these
Answer:
range

Question 5.
Where are glaciers found?
(a) In plains
(b) In mountains
(c) In plateaus
(d) None of these
Answer:
In mountains

Question 6.
Tibet is a
(a) plateau
(b) mountain range
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
Answer:
plateau

Question 7.
Which is the important mountain range of Europe?
(a) Alps
(b) Rockies
(c) Andes
(d) All of these
Answer:
Alps

8. Which area is the most useful for human habitation?
(a) Plain
(b) Mountain
(c) River
(d) Glacier
Answer:
Plain

Question 9.
Where is it easy to grow crops, build a house and a road?
(a) Mountain
(b) Plain
(c) River
(d) Glacier
Answer:
Plain

Question 10.
The available land is not only for our use but also for
(a) future generation
(b) past generation
(c) present generation
(d) none of these
Answer:
future generation

Question 11.
Where does river Yangtze flow?
(a) India
(b) Kenya
(c) China
(d) Australia
Answer:
China

Very Short Answer Type

Question 1.
What are the two processes?
Answer:
The two processes are:
Internal Processes: lead to

  • Upliftment of the earth’s surface.
  • Sinking of the earth’s surface.

External Processes are the processes which continuously

  • wear down the surface.
  • rebuild the surface.

Question 2.
What are erosion and deposition?
Answer:
Erosion:

  • Wearing down of the earth’s surface is called erosion.
  • Erosional process lowers the surface.

Deposition:

  • Rebuilding of earth’s surface is called deposition.

Question 3.

Name the agents of erosion and deposition.
Answer:
Agents of erosion and deposition:

  • Running water (river)
  • Ice
  • Wind.

Question 4.
What are the three groups of landforms broadly?
Answer:
Three groups of landforms:

  1. Mountains
  2. Plateaus
  3. Plains.

Question 5.
As one goes higher what happens with climate?
Answer:
As one goes higher climate becomes colder.

Question 6.
Why do lesser people live in mountain areas?
Answer:
Lesser people live in mountain areas because of the following reasons:

  • Less land is available for farming because of steep slope.
  • Harsh climate.

Major Landforms of the Earth Class 6 Extra Questions Short Answer Type

Question 1.
Define (i) Mountains (ii) Glaciers.
Answer:
Mountains are natural elevations of the earth’s surface with a small summit and a broad base, higher than the surrounding area.
Glaciers are permanent moving heaps of ice and snow.

Question 2.
What are mountain ranges? Give some examples of mountain ranges. Answer: • Mountains, arranged in a line are called mountain ranges.
Examples:

  • The Himalayas (India—Asia)
  • The Alps (Europe)
  • The Andes (South America) –
  • The Rockies (North America).

Major Landforms of the Earth Class 6 Extra Questions Long Answer Type

Question 1.
Describe three types of mountains.
Answer:
Three Types of Mountains:

1. The Fold Mountains

    • Mountains formed of folding process of the strata are called fold mountains
      Major Landforms of the Earth Class 6 Extra Questions Geography Chapter 6 L - Q1

The Himalayas and the Alps are young fold mountains.

  • They have rugged relief.
  • They have high conical hills.

Aravallis in India are old fold mountains.

  • They are considerably worn down by the processes of erosion.

Appalachians in North America and Urals in Russia have rounded features.

  • They are low in elevation.
  • They are very old fold mountains.

2. Block Mountains

  • When large areas are broken and displaced vertically, block mountains are created.
  • The uplifted blocks are termed as horsts.
  • Lowered blocks are named as graben.
  • Rhine valley and Vosges are good examples of such block mountains.

Some more examples of this type of mountains/landforms:

  • Rift valley of Narmada and Tapi
  • Deccan Plateau
  • Meghalaya Plateau
  • Drakeusburge (in South Africa)
  • Australian Plateau
  • Saudi Arabian landforms
  • African Tableland.

Major Landforms of the Earth Class 6 Extra Questions Geography Chapter 6 L - Q1(i)
3. Volcanic Mountains

  • Volcanic activity leads to the formation of volcanic mountains.
  • Examples of volcanic mountains:
  • Kilimanjaro Mountains (in Africa).
  • Mt. Fujiyama (in Japan).
    Major Landforms of the Earth Class 6 Extra Questions Geography Chapter 6 L - Q1(ii)

Question 2.
What are plateaus? Give their major features.
Answer:
Plateaus:
Plateaus are flat topped tableland with steep slopes on one side or more sides.

Features of the Plateaus:
Height varies from a few hundred metres to several thousand metres.

  • Plateaus may be young or old.
  • Deccan Plateau of India is one of the oldest plateaus of the world.
  • Other examples: East African Plateau (in Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda). Western Plateau of Australia.
  • The Tibet Plateau is the highest plateau of the world with a 4000 to 6000 metres above mean sea level.

Question 3.
How are plateaus useful to us?
Answer:
Usefulness of Plateaus:

  • Rich in mineral resources/deposits.
  • Numerous mining areas are located in the plateau areas:
  • African plateau is known for gold and diamond mining.
  • Chhotanagpur plateau in India is rich in iron ore, coal and manganese.
  • Plateaus have several waterfalls, ideal sites for generation of hydro electricity:
  • Hundru falls in Chhotanagpur Plateau on River Subernarekha.
  • Jog falls in Karnataka.
  • Lava plateaus rich in black soil are ideal for cultivation.
  • Some plateaus are known for scenic spots and they are great attractions to tourists.

Major Landforms of the Earth Class 6 Extra Questions Geography Chapter 6 L - Q3

Question 4.
Define plains. Describe their major features.
Answer:
Plains:
Definition. Plains are large stretches of flat land, not higher than 200 metres from mean sea level

  • Some are extremely level.
  • Others are rolling and undulating.

Major Features of Plains:

  • Mostly formed by river deposits.
  • Plains are generally fertile.
  • They are thickly populated.
  • They have dense network of roads and railways.
  • Agriculture is the main occupation of the people.
  • Examples:
  • Ganga-Indus-Brahmaputra Plains in India.
  • Yangtze Plain in China.
    Major Landforms of the Earth Class 6 Extra Questions Geography Chapter 6 L - Q4

Question 5.
Describe the relationship between landforms and people.
Answer:
Landforms and People:
People live on different landforms in different ways:

  • Life is difficult in mountains.
  • Plains are major attractions for people.
  • In plains it is easy to build houses, construct roads, raise crops.
  • In mountains earthquakes, volcanic eruptions etc. cause huge damage to life and property.

Some people misuse landforms:

  • They use land as waste like constructing house on fertile land.
  • They throw garbage on land and in water making them polluted.

We have special duty to save landforms for future generations.

 

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CHAPTER- 5 Major Domains of the Earth| Important Questions & MCQs | CLASS 6th | Social Science Geography | NCERT| EDUGROWN

NCERT Important Questions & MCQs for Class 6 Social Science History

NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science includes all the questions provided in NCERT Class 6 Social Science Text book of Geography The Earth: Our Habitat, History Our Pasts, Civics Social and Political Life. Here CBSE Class 6 SST all questions are solved with the detailed explanation to score good marks in the exams.

CHAPTER- 5 Major Domains of the Earth

Multiple Choice Questions

Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.
Which is the earth consisting of solid portion?
(a) The Atmosphere
(b) Hydrosphere
(c) The Lithosphere
(d) All of these
Answer:
The Lithosphere

Question 2.
Which is the largest continent?
(a) Asia
(b) Africa
(c)Australia
(d) None of these
Answer:
Asia

Question 3.
What is biosphere?
(a) Narrow zone
(b) Broad zone
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these
Answer:
Narrow zone

Question 4.
Which gas is responsible for global warming?
(a) O2
(b) CO2
(c) N2
(d) H2
Answer:
CO2

Question 5.
The Arctic Circle passes through
(a) Asia
(b) Europe
(c) North America
(d) All of these
Answer:
All of these

Question 6.
Which longest river flows through Africa?
(a) The Ganga
(b) The Yamuna
(c) The Nile
(d)None of these
Answer:
The Nile

Question 7.
Which of the following is the smallest continent?
(a) Africa
(b) Asia
(c) Australia
(d) Antarctica
Answer:
Australia

Question 8.
Where is more than 97% of water found on the earth?
(a) In rivers
(b) In wells
(c) In ocean
(d) None of these
Answer:
In ocean

Question 9.
Why do humans not use the ocean water?
(a) Too sour
(b) Too salty
(c) Too sweet
(d) All of these
Answer:
Too salty

Question 10.
The earth surrounded by a layer of gases is called
(a) The lithosphere
(b) The atmosphere
(c) The hydrosphere
(d) All of these
Answer:
The atmosphere

Question 11.
Which gas is the major constituent of the atmosphere by percentage?
(a) Oxygen
(b) Carbon dioxide
(c) Carbon monoxide
(d) Nitrogen
Answer:
Nitrogen

 Very Short Answer Type

Question 1.
Enumerate three movements of the ocean water.
Answer:
The ocean waters are always moving. The three chief movements of ocean water are:

  1. Waves
  2. Tides and
  3. Currents

Major Domains of the Earth Class 6 Extra Questions Short Answer Type

Question 1.
What are the life sustaining elements present on the earth?
Answer:

  • The earth is the only planet of the Solar System which has life.
  • It is the home of mankind.
  • The life sustaining elements are land, water and air that are present on the earth.

Question 2.
Why is the surface of the earth a complex interface?
Answer:
The surface of the earth is a complex interface, because three main components of the environment meet, overlap and interact on it.

Lithosphere: The solid portion of the earth is Lithosphere. In Greek Litho means stone or rock. It means the sphere made of rocks is termed as Lithosphere.

Atmosphere: The gaseous envelope surrounding the earth is Atmosphere. In Greek ‘atmo’ means air. The sphere made of air is atmosphere.

Hydrosphere: The area containing water is called Hydrosphere. Word, Hydrosphere has been derived from the Greek word ‘Hydro’ which means water. Hydrosphere contains water in all its forms.

Biosphere has been derived from the Greek word ‘Bio’. It includes all parts of earth where all types of organisms live. It is the narrow zone of contact of land, water and air where all forms of life are found.

All the four realms are not separate entities, they are considerably intermingled.

Question 3.
Define atmosphere. What is its importance to us?
Answer:

  • The earth is surrounded by an envelope of air.
  • It is called atmosphere.
  • This thin blanket of air is an integral and the most important aspect of the planet. It is very important to us as it enables us to breathe and protects us from the harmful effects of the sun’s rays.

Question 4.
Explain the Composition of the Atmosphere.
Answer:
Composition of the Atmosphere.

  • Atmosphere is composed mainly of nitrogen and oxygen.
  • They both make up about 99% of clean, dry air (Nitrogen 78%; Oxygen 21%)
  • Other gases like Carbon-dioxide; argon and others comprise 1% by volume.
  • Oxygen is the breath of life while nitrogen helps in the growth of living organisms.
  • Carbon-dioxide is present in the air in minute amount but is very important.
  • It absorbs heat radiated by the earth and keeps the surface of the earth warm.

Question 5.
Describe the density of the atmosphere.
Answer:
The density of the atmosphere varies with height.

  • It is the highest at sea level.
  • It decreases rapidly with increase in height.
  • Climbers experience problems in breathing due to decrease in density.
  • Temperature also decreases with increase in height.

Question 6.
What is air pressure? How is wind formed?
Answer:

  • The atmosphere exerts pressure on the earth due to weight in the air. Thus air pressure is the weight of the air.
  • Pressure varies from place to place.
  • The difference in air pressure makes the air move.
  • Moving air is known as wind. It means wind is formed due to the difference in air pressure.

Question 7.
What is the biosphere? Give its major features.
Answer:
Biosphere.

  • The biosphere is the narrow zone of contact between the land, water and air, comprising all forms of life.
    Features:
  • There are several species of organism in the biosphere.
  • They vary in size from microbes and bacteria to huge mammals.
  • All the living organisms including human are linked to each other and to the biosphere for survival.

Question 8.
What negative impacts on nature are caused by the felling of trees?
Answer:
The felling of trees causes the following negative impacts on nature:

  • Soil erosion is increased.
  • Loose soil are deposited in river beds. Level of river beds rises and during excessive rains they are not capable of keeping the whole of water under control. Hence floods are caused.
  • Felling of trees also reduces the quantity of oxygen we get from them. Hence new problems grow up.

Question 9.
Define global warming.
Answer:

  • Increase in industries has led to increase in pollution.
  • Carbon-dioxide is an important constituent of air.
  • But increase in amount of CO2 due to human activities has led to increase in global temperatures. This is termed as global warming.

Question 10.
Describe Lithosphere.
Answer:
Lithosphere.
The solid portion of the earth is termed as Lithosphere.

  • It comprises (of) the rocks of earth’s crust.
  • It also has shallow layers of soil that contain nutrient elements which are necessary for all types of organisms.

Major Domains of the Earth Class 6 Extra Questions Long Answer Type

Question 1.
Explain the layers of the Atmosphere.
Answer:
Major Domains of the Earth Class 6 Extra Questions Geography Chapter 5 L - Q1

  • The atmosphere extends upto a height of about 1,600 kilometres.
  • The atmosphere is divided into five layers based on composition, temperature and other properties.
  • They are in ascending order from the earth’s surface:
  • Troposphere
  • Stratosphere
  • Mesosphere
  • Thermosphere, and
  • Exosphere
  • The ozone layer crucial to life on the earth is located in the stratosphere.

Question 2.
Discuss the organisms found in the Biosphere.
Answer:

  • The organisms found in the biosphere are broadly divided into plant kingdom and animal kingdom.
  • The four realms of the earth interact with one another and affect one another in some way or the other.

The growth of human population is a major cause of change in the biosphere. The growing population requires space for living. This leads to increase of silt in rivers that results ultimately into floods.

  • Floods provide new soil or alluvial (sand and earth).
  • But simultaneously floods destroy human habitation and cause complete disruption in smooth living of people.

Question 3.
What are the two main divisions of the earth’s surface?
Answer:
Divisions of the Earth’s Surface:

  • The two main divisions of the earth’s surface are:
  • The large landmasses are known as the continents.
  • The ocean basins, contain large water bodies.
  • Continents and Oceans differ from each other in their relative levels.
  • All the Oceans of the world are connected with one another.
  • Level of seawater remains the same everywhere. It is called sea level. The continents have an average depth of 3800 metres in Oceans.
  • The highest point on Continents is 8848 metres in the form of Mount Everest in Nepal while the deepest depth is 11022 metres in the form of Mariana Deep (Mariana Trench) in the Pacific Ocean.

Question 4.
Which are the Seven Continents of the world? Give a brief description of each of them.
Answer:
There are seven major continents, namely:
Asia, Europe, Africa, North America, South America, Australia and Antarctica.

1. Asia

  • Asia is the largest continent.
  • It covers about 1/3 of the total land area of the earth.
  • Asia lies in the eastern hemisphere.
    Alt is separated from Europe by Ural mountain on the west’
  • The combined landmass of Asia and Europe is called Eurasia.

2. Europe

  • Europe is the second smallest continent.
  • Water bodies bound it on three sides.
  • The Atlantic Ocean lies on the western side, the Arctic Ocean on the Northern side and the Mediterranean sea on the southern side.

3. Africa

  • Africa is the second largest continent after Asia. Equator runs almost through the middle of this continent.
  • The wider part of Africa lies in the Northern hemisphere.
  • It is the only continent which both the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn pass through.
  • The continent is bounded on all sides by oceans and seas.
  • The largest hot desert of the world, the Sahara desert is situated in Africa.
  • The world’s longest river, Nile, flows through Africa.

4. North America

  • North America is the third largest continent of the world.
  • It is linked with South America by the Panama Isthmus.
  • It lies completely in the Northern and Western Hemisphere.
  • Three oceans surround it. They are the Pacific Ocean in the West, The Atlantic Ocean in the East and the Arctic Ocean in the North.

5. South America

  • South America lies mostly in the Southern Hemisphere.
  • It is bounded by the Pacific Ocean in the west, by Atlantic Ocean in the East and by Antarctic Ocean in the South.
  • The world’s longest mountain range, the Andes runs through its full length.
  • World’s largest river, Amazon flows through this continent.

6. Australia

  • Australia is the smallest continent of the world.
  • It lies entirely in the Southern hemisphere.
  • It is surrounded on all sides by oceans and seas so it is called an island continent.

7. Antarctica

  • Antarctica is completely in the Southern Hemisphere.
  • It is a continent larger than Europe and Australia put together.
  • The South Pole lies almost at the centre of this continent. Hence the continent is permanently covered with thick ice’sheets.
  • It has no permanent human settlements.

Major Domains of the Earth Class 6 Extra Questions Geography Chapter 5 L - Q4

  • Numerous countries have set up their research stations op. this continent, India has set up Maitri, Dakshin Gangotri as its research centres here.

Question 5.
Why is the earth called the blue planet?
Answer:

  • The earth is called the blue planet because 71% of the earth is covered with water and 29% with land.
  • Hydrosphere consists of water in all its forms in the oceans, lakes, ponds, rivers, streams, ice caps and ice sheets. On the surface as surface water and below the surface of the earth, in the form of under-ground water.
  • Water is also present in the atmosphere in the form of water vapour.
  • In other words running water in rivers and oceans, in lakes, glaciers, underground water and the water vapour in the atmosphere all make the hydrosphere.
  • The oceans form the major part of the hydrosphere.
  • They are all connected with one another.

Question 6.
Describe four major oceans of the world.
Answer:
Four major oceans of the world are:
The Pacific Ocean, The Atlantic Ocean, The Indian Ocean and The Arctic Ocean.
The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean:

  • It is spread on 33.3% area of the earth.
  • Mariana Trench, the deepest part of the earth lies under the Pacific Ocean.
  • The Pacific Ocean is circular in shape.
  • It is bounded by Asia and Australia on one side and North and South Americas on the other.

The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest ocean of the world.

  • It is ‘S’ shaped.
  • It is flanked by the North and the South America on the Western side and Europe and Africa on the eastern side.
  • Its coastline is highly indented. This irregular and indented coastline facilitates development of natural harbours.
  • The Atlantic ocean is the busiest ocean from the point of view of commerce.

The Indian Ocean is the only ocean which has been named after India.

  • The shape of this ocean is almost triangular.
  • In the North, it is bounded by Asia, by Africa in the west and by Australia in the east. Indian Peninsula divides it into two parts.
  • The Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal.

The Arctic Ocean is located within the Arctic circle and surrounds the North Pole.

  • It is actually a northward extension of Atlantic Ocean.
  • A narrow water body named the Berring Strait connects it with Pacific Ocean.
  • It is bounded by the northern coasts of North America and Eurasia in the north.
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CHAPTER- 4 Maps| Important Questions & MCQs | CLASS 6th | Social Science Geography | NCERT| EDUGROWN

NCERT Important Questions & MCQs for Class 6 Social Science History

NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science includes all the questions provided in NCERT Class 6 Social Science Text book of Geography The Earth: Our Habitat, History Our Pasts, Civics Social and Political Life. Here CBSE Class 6 SST all questions are solved with the detailed explanation to score good marks in the exams.

CHAPTER- 4 Maps

Multiple Choice Questions

Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.
What is a map?
(a ) A globe
(b ) A drawing of the earth’s surface on a flat paper according to scale
(c) A projection
(d) None of these
Answer:
A drawing of the earth’s surface on a flat paper according to scale

Question 2.
What is physical map?
(a) Showing natural features of the earth
(b) Showing cities, towns and villages with boundaries
(c) Showing rainfall, distribution of forests etc.
(d) None of the above
Answer:
Showing natural features of the earth

Question 3.
Which map gives more information?
(a) Small scale map
(b) Large scale map
(c) Ordinary map
(d) None of these
Answer:
Large scale map

Question 4.
What does TV’ with arrow show?
(a) Direction of North
(b) Direction of East
(c) Direction of West
(d) Direction of South
Answer:
Direction of North

Question 5.
The blue colour is used for showing
(a) mountains
(b) plants and trees
(c) water
(d) none of these
Answer:
water

Question 6.
A scale is compulsory for
(a) a map
(b) a sketch
(c) a symbol
(d) all of these
Answer:
a map

Question 7.
For what purpose magnetic compass is used?
(a) For measuring distance
(b) For showing symbols
(c) For finding the directions
(d) For all of these
Answer:
For finding the directions

Question 8.
Plan is a drawing of
(a) small area on a large scale
(b ) large area on a small scale
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
Answer:
small area on a large scale

Question 9.
Yellow colour is used for showing
(a) plateaus
(b) water bodies
(C) mountains
(d) plants
Answer:
plateaus

Very Short Answer Type

Question 1.
What are the limitations of a globe?
Answer:

  • Globe is of little help when we want to study only a part of the Earth, about our country, states; districts, towns and villages.
  • Globe is not easy to handle.

Maps Class 6 Extra Questions Short Answer Type

Question 1.
What is a map? Describe its major features.
Answer:

  • Map is a representation of the earth’s surface or a part of it drawn on flat surfaces.
  • One map contains as many facts as a big book.
  • All the maps are put together to make on atlas of maps of various sizes and drawn on different scales.
  • They provide more information than a globe.

Question 2.
Define Sketch.
Answer:

  • A sketch is a drawing of an area or object mainly based on memory and not to the scale.
  • Sometimes a rough drawing of an area is needed to know where a particular place is located with reference to other places.
  • With the help of a rough sketch we may find the location of a place.
  • Such a rough drawing is drawn without scale.

Question 3.
What is a Plan?
Answer:

  • A plan is a drawing of a small area on a large scale.
  • A large-scale map depicts much information.
  • Sometimes we want to know the length and breadth of a room, which can’t be shown on a map. In such an event; we can refer drawings drawn on scale.
  • It is known as a plan.

Question 4.
Describe various types of maps.
Answer:
Maps are of various types. They are:

  • Physical Maps. They show natural features of the Earth like mountains, plateaus, plains, rivers, oceans etc.
    Example: Physical map of the world.
  • Political Maps. Political maps show different countries and states of the world with their boundaries.
    Example: Political map of India.
  • Thematic Maps. Maps showing specific information are called thematic maps. Example: Road maps, rainfall maps, forest distribution maps, industries maps etc.

Question 5.
Give historical background of maps.
Answer:
The science of map making is termed as cartography.

Ancient map makers did not know the shape of the Earth:

  • Babylonians drew maps assuming that the Earth is flat.
  • An Egyptian geographer, (cartographer) Ptolemy first represented the Earth as a sphere.

Maps were drawn on different materials:

  • Eskimos used animal skin.
  • Egyptians engraved maps on metal plates.
  • Babylonians made maps of clay tablets.

Today maps are made on computers:

  • These maps are very accurate.
  • Improvement in technology has improved the quality of maps.

Question 6.
What are the components of maps?
Answer:

  • Distance,
  • Direction and
  • Symbol.

Distance:

  • Distance is measured with the help of a scale.

Direction.

  • Direction is known by the arrow marked with ‘N’ on the map.
  • It is also known by an instrument called compass.

Symbol:

  • Universally accepted marks or icons to depict information on the maps are known as symbols.

Question 7.
Name the two types of maps based on scale.
Answer:
Small Scale Maps
When large areas are shown on a small map, it is called small scale map.

  • These maps give very limited information.
  • The map of India is a small scale map.

Large Scale Maps

  • When small areas are shown on large map it is called Large scale map.
  • These maps give detailed information.
  • The map of Delhi, shown on large sheet of paper is a large scale map.

Question 8.
How are directions known?
Answer:
Directions are known by the following:
Maps contain an arrow marked with the letter ‘N’ on the upper right.
An Arrow with ‘N’ mark:

  • This arrow shows the North direction.
  • It is called north line. On the Earth one can find out directions e.g. north, east, west and south.
  • There are four major directions.
  • North, South, East, West. They are called cardinal points.
  • Other four intermediate directions are North-East (NE), South-East (SE), South¬West (SW) and North-West (NW).
  • One can locate any place more accurately with the help of these intermediate directions.

Compass. One can also know the direction with the help of compass

  • It is an instrument used to find the main directions.

Maps Class 6 Extra Questions Long Answer Type

Question 1.
How is distance measured? Define a scale.
Answer:
Maps reduce the entire world or its part to fit on a sheet of paper.
But this reduction is done very carefully so that distances between the places are kept true:

  • Reduction of map is only possible when small distances on paper represents a large distance on the ground.
  • To reduce a map, a scale is chosen.

Scale is the ratio between the actual distance on the ground and the distance shown on the map.

  • The distance between school and home of student is 10 km. If he shows this 10 km distance by 2 cm on map, it means, 1 cm on the map will show 5 km on ground. Thus the scale will be 1 cm. = 5 km. In this way scale is very important in a map. If the scale is known it will be easy to calculate distance between any two places.
  • Scales are used for measuring distance. For example to find out the distance between the post office and the clock tower one can measure the distance between these points on the map. (Then the same distance on the scale. Types of Maps on the Basic of Scale.)

Question 2.
What are symbols? Why do we need them?
Answer:
Symbols:
It is impossible to draw actual shape and size of different features like buildings, roads, trees, railway lines or a well on a map, so we use various symbols to show these features.

  • Symbols give much information in a limited space.
  • With the help of these symbols, we can draw maps and read them easily.
  • Without knowing the language of a certain place, we can collect information from maps with the help of these symbols.
  • Maps have a universal language – a language that can be read by all. An international agreement facilitates the use of these symbols.
  • These symbols are called Conventional Symbols.
  • Some of the conventional symbols are shown in the figure given below.
  • Various colours in maps are also used for the same purpose.

Maps Class 6 Extra Questions Geography Chapter 4 L - Q2

Maps Class 6 Extra Questions Geography Chapter 4 L - Q2i

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CHAPTER- 3 Motions of the Earth | Important Questions & MCQs | CLASS 6th | Social Science Geography | NCERT| EDUGROWN

NCERT Important Questions & MCQs for Class 6 Social Science History

NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science includes all the questions provided in NCERT Class 6 Social Science Text book of Geography The Earth: Our Habitat, History Our Pasts, Civics Social and Political Life. Here CBSE Class 6 SST all questions are solved with the detailed explanation to score good marks in the exams.

CHAPTER- 3 Motions of the Earth

 Multiple Choice Questions

Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.
Motion of the earth on its axis in about 24 hours is called
(a) revolution
(b) rotation
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
Answer:
rotation

Question 2.
Motion of the earth around the sun is known as
(a) revolution
(b) rotation
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
Answer:
revolution

Question 3.
What is orbital plane?
(a) Plane formed by the axis
(b) Plane formed by the orbit
(r) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these
Answer:
Plane formed by the orbit

Question 4.
Which one of the following is the source of light on the earth?
(a) The moon
(b) The sun
(c) The satellite
(d) The space
Answer:
The sun

Question 5.
The circle that divides the globe into day and night is called
(a) circle of darkness
(b) circle of day and night
(c) circle of illumination
(d)none of these
Answer:
circle of illumination

Question 6.
The period of one rotation of the earth is known as
(a) the sun day
(b) the moon day
(c) the earth day
(d) none of these
Answer:
the earth day

Question 7.
What would have happened if the earth did not rotate?
(a) Cold conditions on earth’s half portion
(b) Warm conditions on earth’s another half portion
(c) No life possible in such extreme conditions
(d) All of these
Answer:
All of these

Question 8.
A year with 366 days is called
(a) leap year
(b) normal year
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
Answer:
leap year

Question 9.
Why do seasons change on the earth?
(a) Due to change in the position of the earth around the sun
(b) Due to no change in the earth’s position
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of the above
Answer:
Due to change in the position of the earth around the sun

Question 10.
When do the longest day and the shortest night occur in the northern hemisphere?
(a) June 21
(b) September 23
(c) December 22
(d) March 21
Answer:
June 21

Question 11.
In which season Christmas is celebrated in Australia?
(a ) Winter season
(b) Summer season
(c) Autumn season
(d) Spring season
Answer:
Summer season

Question 12.
When do equinoxes occur on the earth?
(a) March 21
(b) September 23
(c) Both (a) and (6)
(d ) None of these
Answer:
Both (a) and (6)

Question 13.
Days and nights occur on earth due to
(a) rotation
(b) revolution
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
Answer:
rotation

Question 14.
Change of seasons occurs on earth due to
(a) rotation
(b) revolution
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
Answer:
revolution

Very Short Answer Type

Question 1.
Define rotation and revolution of the Earth.
Answer:
Rotation:
Movement of the Earth on its axis in nearly 24 hours is termed as rotation. It is also called the daily movement of the earth.

Revolution:
Movement of the earth around the Sun on a fixed path or orbit is called revolution.

Question 2.
What are axis and orbit?
Answer:
Axis:
The axis of the Earth is an imaginary line joining the North pole with the South pole. It makes an angle of 6614° with its orbital plane.

Orbit:
Orbit is the elliptical path on which heavenly bodies move around their sun or planet.

Question 3.
What is the circle of illumination? Why does it not coincide with the axis of the Earth?
Answer:

  • The circle which separates day from night is called the circle of illumination.
  • This circle does not coincide with the axis because of the inclination of the axis by 2314° towards east.
  • The earth takes 24 hours (one day) to complete one rotation around its axis.

Motions of the Earth Class 6 Extra Questions Short Answer Type

Question 1.
Distinguish between rotation and revolution.
Answer:
The distinction between rotation and revolution is as under:

Rotation.

Revolution

1. The spinning of the Earth on its axis is called rotation.1. Annual motion of the Earth round the Sun is called revolution.
2. The time of rotation is about 24 hours.2. The time of revolution is 365 days 6 hours.
3. Days and nights follow each other in regular succession in all parts of the Earth due to rotation.3. The change of season takes place the revolution of the Earth.

Question 2.
How are days and nights formed?
Answer:

  • The earth receives light from the Sun.
  • Because of its spherical shape; only half of it gets light from the Sun at a time.
  • The portion facing the Sun experiences daytime while the other portion away from the Sun experiences night.
    Motions of the Earth Class 6 Extra Questions Geography Chapter 3 S - Q2

Motions of the Earth Class 6 Extra Questions Long Answer Type

Question 1.
Explain the following:

  1. Revolution of the Earth.
  2. Leap year.

Answer:
1. Revolution of the Earth:

  • Earth’s movement around the Sun on its orbit is called revolution.
  • The earth takes 36514 days (one year) to revolve round the Sun.
  • We take a year of 365 days only and ignore 6 hours for the sake of convenience.

2. Leap Year:

  • Six hours saved every year in revolution are added for four years.
  • They become 24 hours or one additional day.
  • The day is added to the month of February every four years.
  • It is because of this that every fourth year February has one more day – 29 days instead of 28 days.
  • Such a year of 366 days is called a leap year.

Question 3.
How are seasons caused?
Answer:

  • The Earth revolves round the Sun on an elliptical orbit.
  • Its axis is inclined in the same direction (east) on its orbit by 2314°.
  • The revolution of the Earth and the inclination of the earth’s axis in a fixed direction cause seasons.
  • A year is divided into four seasons.
  • They are Spring, Summer, Autumn and Winter.
  • Seasons change with the change in the position of the Earth around the Sun.

On 21st June, Northern hemisphere is tilted towards the Sun.

  • On that day the Sun shines directly on the Tropic of Cancer (231/2° N). Hence, these areas receive more heat.
  • The areas near the poles receive less heat because the rays of the Sun are slanting there.
  • The North hemisphere is inclined towards the Sun and the places beyond the Arctic Circle experience continuous day light.
  • As a large portion of the Northern hemisphere gets light from the Sun, therefore, it is Summer in the Northern hemisphere.
  • The duration of day is longer and that of night shorter here.

At this time in the Southern hemisphere all these conditions are opposite.

  • It is winter season there.
  • Nights are longer than days.
  • This position of the Earth is called summer solstice.

On 22nd December, the Tropic of Capricorn receives the direct rays of the Sun and Southern hemisphere tilts towards it.

  • On this day the Sun shines vertically on the Tropic of Capricorn (23W S).
  • Hence a larger portion of the Southern Hemisphere gets light.
  • It is summer in the Southern hemisphere with longer days and shorter nights.
  • The opposite conditions are prevalent in the Northern hemisphere.
  • This position of the Earth is called winter solstice.

On 21 March and 23 September, The Sun shines vertically on the equator.

  • In this position neither of the hemispheres is tilted towards the Sun, so the whole of the Earth experiences equal days and equal nights.
  • It is neither very cold nor very hot all over the world.
  • The Northern hemisphere experiences spring on 21st March and autumn on 23rd September.
  • Exactly the opposite happens in the Southern hemisphere. Here, it is spring on September 23rd and autumn on March 21st.
  • These positions are called Spring and Autumn Equinoxes respectively.
    Motions of the Earth Class 6 Extra Questions Geography Chapter 3 L - Q3
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CHAPTER- 2 Globe Latitudes and Longitudes | Important Questions & MCQs | CLASS 6th | Social Science Geography | NCERT| EDUGROWN

NCERT Important Questions & MCQs for Class 6 Social Science History

NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science includes all the questions provided in NCERT Class 6 Social Science Text book of Geography The Earth: Our Habitat, History Our Pasts, Civics Social and Political Life. Here CBSE Class 6 SST all questions are solved with the detailed explanation to score good marks in the exams.

CHAPTER- 2 Globe Latitudes and Longitudes

Multiple Choice Questions

Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.
What is a globe?
(a) Earth
(b) True model of the earth
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these
Answer:
True model of the earth

Question 2.
Which of the following are shown on the globe in their true size?
(a) Countries
(b) Continents
(d Oceans
(d) All of these
Answer:
All of these

Question 3.
What is called a needle fixed through the globe in a tilted manner?
(a) Orbit
(b) Axis
(c) Latitude
(d) Longitude
Answer:
Axis

Question 4.
What divides the earth into two equal parts. The northern hemisphere and the southern hemisphere?
(a) Tropic of Capricorn
(b) Tropic of Cancer
(c) Equator
(d) Arctic Circle
Answer:
Equator

Question 5.
Name one of the following parallels of latitudes as Tropic of Cancer.
(a) 0°
(b) 23° 30′ S
(c) 23° 30′ N
(d) 66° 30′ N
Answer:
23° 30′ N

Question 6.
Between which parallels of latitudes is the Torrid Zone situated?
(a) Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn
(b) Tropic of Cancer and Arctic Circle
(c) Tropic of Capricorn and Antarctic Circle
(d) None of these
Answer:
Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn

Question 7.
Which of the following zone is situated between 66°30′ S and poles?
(a) Torrid Zone
(b) Temperate Zone
(c) Frigid Zone
(d) All of these
Answer:
Frigid Zone

Question 8.
Which of the following is called the Prime Meridian?
(a) 23° 30′ N
(b) 23° 30′ S
(c) 82° 30′ E
(d) 0° longitude
Answer:
0° longitude

Question 9.
What divides the earth into the eastern and the western hemispheres?
(a) Equator
(b) Prime Meridian
(c) 82° 30′ E
(d) None of these
Answer:
Prime Meridian

Question 10.
In which ocean are Tonga Islands situated?
(a) Indian Ocean
(b) Atlantic Ocean
(c) Pacific Ocean
(d) None of these
Answer:
Pacific Ocean

Question 11.
On which parallel of latitude is Mauritius located?
(a) 10° N
(b) 20° S
(c) 23° 30′ S
(d) 0°
Answer:
20° S

12. Which place is located at the intersection of 26° N and 90° E?
(a) Dhubri
(b) Mauritius
(c) Tonga
(d) Meerut
Answer:
Dhubri

Question 13.
What time does earth take, rotating from one degree longitude to next longitude?
(a ) 4 minutes
(b) 15 minutes
(c) 10 minutes
(d) None of these
Answer:
4 minutes

Question 14.
What is the time difference between the time of Dwarka in Gujarat and time of Dibrugarh in Assam?
(a) 2 hours
(b) 1 hour and 30 minutes
(c) hour and 45 minutes
(d) 5 hours and 30 minutes
Answer:
hour and 45 minutes

Question 15.
The local time of 82Q30’ E longitude is taken as a standard throughout India. It is known as
(a) local time of India
(b) Indian Standard Time (IST)
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
Answer:
Indian Standard Time (1ST)

Question 16.
The time of India is ahead of that of England by
(a) 2 hours
(b) 5 hours and 30 minutes
(c) 3 hours
(d) none of these
Answer:
5 hours and 30 minutes

Very Short Answer Type

Question 1.
Define a latitude.
Answer:
Angular distance from the equator on both sides (North and South) is called latitude. Latitudes are 180°-90° north of equator and 90° south of equator.

Question 2.
What are the latitudes of North and South Poles?
Answer:
The angular distance of the North Pole and South Pole from the equator is 90°. So, the latitude of the North Pole is 90°N and that of South Pole is 90°S.

Question 3.
What is the difference between the Parallels of Latitude and the Meridians of Longitude?
Answer:
The difference between the Parallels of Latitude and the Meridians of Longitude is given below:

Parallels of Latitude

Meridians of Longitude

1. These are imaginary circles. They run parallel to the Equator in it’s North and South.1. These are imaginary semi-circles. They run from the North Pole to the South Pole.
2. Their number is 180.2. Their number is 360.

Question 4.
What are parallels of latitudes?
Answer:
Parallels of Latitudes. The equator is the line of 0° latitude. All the lines of latitudes are parallel to the equator. Hence they are called parallels of latitudes.
Globe Latitudes and Longitudes Class 6 Extra Questions Geography Chapter 2 V-Q4

Globe Latitudes and Longitudes Class 6 Extra Questions Short Answer Type

Question 1.
What does the Earth look like? What is its shape?
Answer:

  • The Earth looks like an orange. It bulges on the sides and is slightly flat on the top and at the bottom.
  • Its true shape is geoid which means earth – like shape.
  • A globe is the three dimensional model of the Earth.

Question 2.
What is a globe? What are its types?
Answer:
Globe is the three dimensional model representing the true shape of the Earth.
Globes are of various sizes and types:

  • Big Size Globe. Can not be carried easily.
  • Small Pocket Globe
  • Balloon Like Globe. They can be inflated and are handy and carried with ease.

Question 3.
What is the use of Globes?
Answer:

  • On globes, countries, continents and oceans are shown in their correct shape.
  • Distance and directions are also shown correctly on the globe.
  • The extent of relief features is correct.

Question 4.
What are longitudes?
Answer:
Longitudes:

  • Angular distance from the Prime Meridian is termed as longitude.
  • Lines joining the North Pole and the South Pole are called the lines of longitude.
  • They are also called meridian because noon occurs at the same time at places located on a line of longitude.

Question 5.
Define local time.
Answer:
Local Time:

  • Local time is calculated by the position of the Sun at noon of a given place.
  • It bases on the local meridian passing through that place.
    When the Sun is exactly overhead at that meridian, it is 12 noon.
  • The places lying North and South on the same meridian will have the same local time. On the otherhand the places lying East or West of that meridian have different local times.

Globe Latitudes and Longitudes Class 6 Extra Questions Long Answer Type

Question 1.
Describe important parallels of latitudes. Answer: Important Parallels.
Equator:

  • Equator is the longest parallel running in the East-West direction.
  • It is a great circle.

Tropic of Cancer:
It is the parallel of 23 12° N in the Northern hemisphere.

Tropic of Capricorn:
It is the parallel of 23 12° S in the Southern hemisphere.

Arctic Circle:
It lies at 6612° north of the equator.

Antarctic Circle:
It lies at 66 12° south of the equator.

90° Parallel:
It is shown by a point.
Its length is zero.

North Pole:
It is at 90° north of equator.

South Pole:
It is at 90° south of equator.
Globe Latitudes and Longitudes Class 6 Extra Questions Geography Chapter 2 L-Q1

Question 2.
Describe major heat zones of the Earth.
Answer:
Heat Zones of the Earth.
1. Torrid Zone:

  • Torrid means hot.
  • This zone receives the maximum amount of heat throughout the year, because the rays of the Sun fall vertically on this zone.
  • This zone is located between the Tropic of Cancer (2312° N) and the Tropic of Capricorn (2312° S).

2. Temperate Zone:

  • The temperate zones lie in both the hemispheres.
  • North temperate zone lies in northern hemisphere between Tropic of Cancer and Arctic Circle.
  • South temperate zone lies in the southern hemisphere between the Tropic of Capricorn and Antarctic Circle.
  • These zones are neither too hot nor too cold.

3. Frigid Zone:

  • Frigid means cold.
  • Beyond the Arctic Circle and Antarctic Circle temperatures are very low and the climate is very cold.
  • This is due to the extreme slanting of the Sun’s rays.
  • The North Frigid Zone lies between the Arctic Circle (6612° N) and the North Pole in the Northern hemisphere.
  • The South Frigid Zone lies between Antarctic Circle (6612°S) and the South Pole in the Southern hemisphere.

Globe Latitudes and Longitudes Class 6 Extra Questions Geography Chapter 2 L-Q2

Question 3.
Explain major features of meridians.
Answer:
The following are the major features of meridians:

  • Meridians are equal in length.
  • The longitude running through the Greenwich pear London was first chosen as the Prime Meridian (Prime Meridian means chief or main meridian) having noon at the same time at all places on this line.
  • It is the 0° longitude.
  • It divides the earth into eastern and western hemispheres.

Globe Latitudes and Longitudes Class 6 Extra Questions Geography Chapter 2 L-Q3

  • They are semicircles.
  • They are 360 in all -180 in the East and 180 in the West of Prime Meridian. 180°E and 180° W is one longitude.

Question 4.
How do longitudes help us in calculating time?
Answer:
Longitude and Time.

  • Longitudes help us to calculate time.
  • Time is measured by the movement of the Earth.
  • The Earth moves on its axis from West to East. It is called rotation.

It takes 24 hours for the earth to complete one rotation:

  • This means in 24 hours the Earth completes 360°.
  • Hence, it takes about 4 minutes for crossing one degree of longitude (or it takes one hour in crossing 15 degrees of longitude)
  • Accordingly, the Earth has been divided into 24 time zones of one hour each.
  • This means each place has different time of Sunrise and Sunset.
  • Places east of the Greenwich Meridian experience day or sunrise earlier than the places lying west of this Meridian. In other words time is ahead in the east than that in the west, at the rate of 4 minutes per degree of longitude.

Question 5.
What is Standard Time?
Answer:
Standard Time:

  • Local time of a place is based on the longitude of that place. It means places situated on different meridians will have different local tidies.
  • It creates much confusion and problem for people to function.
  • To solve these problems every country fixes its central meridian, which is considered the standard meridian
  • of that country.
    The local time of this meridian is considered standard for the whole country. It is called standard time.
  • In India the longitude of 8212°E (82° 30° E) is treated as the standard meridian.
  • The local time of this meridian is followed all over the country.
  • This is known as Indian Standard Time (IST).
  • Through an international agreement, the local time of all places is linked to the Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). Different places have different times.

Question 6.
Kabeer lives in a small town near Bhopal. He tells his friend Alok that they will not be able to sleep tonight. A day and night cricket match between India and England had started, at 2 p.m. in London. This means that the match would finish well after 1 a.m. in the night. The match according to Indian Standard Time (1ST) has started at 7.30 p.m.
Do you know what is the time difference between India and England?
Answer:

  • Vindhyachal (Mirzapur Distt., U.P.) -India is located east of Greenwich at 82°30′ E. Its time is 5 hours and 30 minutes ahead of Greenwich (London) (The GMT).
  • So it will be 5.30 p.m. in India when it is 12.00 noon at London.
  • When the cricket match starts at London at 2 p.m. The time of match-start in India is 7.30 p.m.
  • Kabeer will not be able to sleep that night because the match will be seen in India during the night.

Question 7.
Why do we have Standard Time?
Answer:

  • Places located on a meridian of longitude have the same time. It is called local time.
  • Time at a meridian of longitude differs from the time of another meridian of longitude by 4 minutes (either less by 4 minutes or more by 4 minutes).
  • The local time of Dwarka (Gujarat) lags behind by 1 hour 45 minutes from that of Dibrugarh (Assam).
  • A person going from west to east will have to advance his/her watch by 4 minutes after crossing a meridian. On the other hand, a person going from east to west will have his/her watch moved backwards by 4 minute at each meridian. This creates problem for him.
  • To remove this problem the local time of a central meridian of the country is assumed standard for the whole country. It is called Standard Time.
  • All the watches indicate the same time in all parts of the country.
  • People do not have to move their watches advanced or backed.
  • All the work is done according to this time.
  • In India the local time of 82°30′ E is taken as standard for the whole country. It is called Indian Standard Time (IST).
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CHAPTER- 1 The Earth in the Solar System | Important Questions & MCQs | CLASS 6th | Social Science Geography | NCERT| EDUGROWN

NCERT Important Questions & MCQs for Class 6 Social Science History

NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science includes all the questions provided in NCERT Class 6 Social Science Text book of Geography The Earth: Our Habitat, History Our Pasts, Civics Social and Political Life. Here CBSE Class 6 SST all questions are solved with the detailed explanation to score good marks in the exams.

CHAPTER- 1 The Earth in the Solar System

 Multiple Choice Questions

Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.
How is the sky filled with after sunset and in the night?
(a) Bright objects
(b) Dim objects
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these
Answer:
Both (a) and (b)

Question 2.
What is the name given to the full moon night?
(a) Amavasya
(b) Poornima
(c) Both (a) and (6)
(d) None of these
Answer:
Poornima

Question 3.
Which of the following name is given to the new moon?
(a) Poornima
(b) Amavasya
(c) Both (a) and ib)
(d) None of these
Answer:
Amavasya

Question 4.
What are celestial bodies?
(a) The sun
(b) The moon
(c ) All the shining bodies in the sky
(d) All of these
Answer:
All of these

Question 5.
The celestial bodies which have their own heat and light are called
(a) planets
(b) stars
(c) satellites
(d) all of these
Answer:
stars

Question 6.
Which is the most recognisable constellation?
(a) The saptarishi
(b) The moon
(c) The sun
(d) The mars
Answer:
The saptarishi

Question 7.
The star which indicates the north is called
(a) pole star
(b) pole
(c) north pole
(d) south pole
Answer:
pole star

Question 8.
The celestial bodies which do not have their own heat and light but are lit by the light of the stars are named as
(a) stars
(b) planets
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
Answer:
planets

Question 9.
The word ‘planet’ has been derived from the word ‘planetai’ which is named as
(a) Latin word
(b) German word
(c) Greek word
(d) English word
Answer:
Greek word

Question 10.
Which celestial bodies form the solar system?
(a) The sun
(b) The planets
(c) The satellites, asteroids and meteoroids
(d) All of the above
Answer:
All of the above

Question 11.
All the planets move around the sun in fixed elliptical path, these paths are called
(a) axis
(b) orbit
(e) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
Answer:
orbit

Question 12.
Why is the shape of the earth geoid?
(a) It is slightly flattened at the poles
(b) It is spheroid at the poles
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these
Answer:
It is slightly flattened at the poles

Question 13.
The earth is called a unique planet due to
(a) neither too hot nor too cold
(b) presence of air and water
(c) oxygen, light supporting gas
(d) all of these
Answer:
all of these

Question 14.
The earth is called a blue planet because of the presence of
(a) water
(b) blue colour
(c) brown colour
(d) red colour
Answer:
water

Question 15.
Why do we see only one side of the moon from the earth?
(a) Because of moon moving around the earth in 27 days
(b) 27 days also taken in one spin
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these
Answer:
Both (a) and (b)

Question 16.
Why does the moon not have conditions favourable for life?
(a) because of non existent of water
(b) because of non existent of air
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
Answer:
both (a) and (b)

Question 17.
Apart from stars, planets and satellites, there are numerous bodies which also move around the sun, what are these called?
(a) Stars
(b) Asteroids
(c) Meteoroids
(d) Planets
Answer:
Meteoroids

Question 18.
Asteroids are found between the orbits of Jupiter and
(a) Mars
(b) Earth
(c) Venus
(d) Neptune
Answer:
Mars

Question 19.
Meteoroids are made up of
(a) dust
(b) pieces of rocks
(c) gases
(d) none of these
Answer:
pieces of rocks

Question 20.
What is called a cluster of millions of stars, shining white in the starry sky?
(a) Stars
(b) Planets
(c) Milky Way galaxy
(d) Satellites
Answer:
Milky Way galaxy

Question 21.
What makes the universe?
(a) Millions of galaxies
(b) Millions of stars
(c) Earth
(d) Satellites
Answer:
Millions of galaxies

Very Short Answer Type

Question 1.
Define Stars.
Answer:
Celestial bodies which have their own heat and light arc called Stars.

Question 2.
Why is Venus considered as ‘Earth’s Twin’?
Answer:
Venus is considered as ‘Earth’s Twin’ because its size and shape are very much similar to that of the Earth.

Question 3.
Why do we always see only one side of the Moon?
Answer:

  • The Moon revolves round the Earth in nearly 27 days.
  • It also takes exactly 27 days to rotate on its axis.
  • Thus, both its movements take the same time. That’s why we always see only one side of the Moon.

Question 4.
Why is the Earth called ‘Blue Planet’?
Answer:

  • From the space, the Earth looks blue because of the presence of water on it.
  • The Earth is, therefore, called a ‘Blue Planet’.

Question 5.
What is a constellation? What is the name of the constellation in Latin and English?
Answer:
Constellation. In the night sky the stars form various patterns and designs. A group of stars forming a particular pattern or design is called constellation. Saptrishi (design of Seven Stars) is one such constellation (Sapt-seven, rishi-sages). The constellation Saptrishi is called Ursa Major in Latin, and Big Bear in English.
The Earth in the Solar System Class 6 Extra Questions Geography Chapter 1 V-Q5

Question 6.
How can we locate the position of the Pole Star with the help of Saptrishi constellation?
Answer:
Please see the figure below. A line passing through pointer stars always points towards a pole star. Thus we can locate the position of the pole star by this line which passes through the pointer stars.
The Earth in the Solar System Class 6 Extra Questions Geography Chapter 1 V-Q6

Question 7.
Which is the biggest member of the Solar System? Discuss it.
Answer:
The Sun is the biggest member of the Solar System. It is in the centre of the solar system. It is made of extremely hot gases and is the source of all heat and light (energy). It is a million times larger than our Earth. All kinds of life require radiation from the Sun for their existence. The Earth would grow cold and lifeless without the solar energy.

Question 8.
How does the Moon appear different each night?
Answer:
The Moon revolves round the Earth. Its position in relation to the Sun changes every day as it has no light of its own, it only reflects the light of the Sun. The Moon neither decreases nor increases in reality, it only appears changed its shape because of difference in light falling on it everyday.

Question 9.
What is an orbit?
Answer:
All the planets of the Solar Family revolve around the Sun in elliptical paths. It is known as orbit.

Question 10.
Why does the moon not have conditions favourable for life?
Answer:
The moon does not have conditions favourable for life because of the following reasons:

  • During the day it is very hot.
  • At night it is very cold.

Question 11.
Why do we see shadows on the moon?
Answer:

  • The moon has mountains, plateaus, plains and depressions on its surface.
  • In the reflected light on the Earth these features look like shadows. Hence, we see shadows on the surface of the Moon.

The Earth in the Solar System Class 6 Extra Questions Short Answer Type

Question 1.
Write the major features of the Moon.
Answer:

  • The Moon has been separated from the Earth, the third planet of the solar system. Hence, it is called a satellite or moon of the earth. This is the only natural satellite of the Earth.
  • Its diameter is only one-fourth of the Earth.
  • It looks so big because it is not very far from the Earth.
  • It is about 3,84,400 km. away from the Earth.

Question 2.
State some characteristics of stars.
Answer:

  • Stars are very big and hot bodies.
  • They are made up of various gases.
  • They emit a large amount of heat and light.
  • There are numerous stars.
  • They are so far away from us that we cannot see them with our naked eyes.

Question 3.
What are the characteristics of some of the celestial bodies like the
Earth and the Moon?
Answer:
Some of the celestial bodies like the Earth and the Moon do not have their own heat and light. They only reflect the light of the Sun.

  • The Earth is a planet of the Sun.
  • Whereas the Moon is a satellite of the Earth.

Question 4.
What is a galaxy?
Answer:
A galaxy is a huge system of stars. The white glowing path of stars across the sky is called the Milky Way galaxy. We in India call it Akash Ganga. It has millions of stars very close to one another. All planets revolve round the Sim and our Solar System. (Solar family consisting of the Sun, the Planets, the Satellites, Asteroids and Meteoroids) move along our galaxy, the Milky Way (Akash Ganga).

Question 5.
How did people in the past determine directions?
Answer:
In the past people used to determine directions by watching the stars.

  • The North Star or the Pole Star indicates the North because it shines directly above the North Pole.
  • It remains in the same direction in the sky, throughout the year.

Question 6.
How is the universe formed?
Answer:
During the day we see the Sim shining brightly and during dark nights we see thousands of twinkling objects in the sky. The Sun and all these twinkling objects are called heavenly bodies. The heavenly bodies which have their, own heat and light are termed as stars. All the objects like the Sun, the Earth, the Moon and lakhs of bright objects seen during the night in the sky are also called celestial bodies. All these celestial bodies form the universe.

Question 7.
Name the largest and the smallest planets. Which planets are bigger and which are smaller than the Earth?
Answer:

  1. The largest and the smallest Planets. Jupiter is the largest and Mercury is the smallest of all the planets.
  2. Planets bigger than the Earth. (i) Neptune (ii) Uranus (iii) Saturn and (!u) Jupiter are bigger planets than the Earth.
  3. Planets Smaller than the Earth. (i) Venus, (ii) Mars and (Hi) Mercury are smaller planets than the Earth.

Question 8.
How would the Earth be affected if it is taken: (a) too nearer or (b) too far from the Sun?
Answer:
(a) If the Earth is taken too nearer the Sim, its temperature will grow higher since it will get a greater amount of heat. It will become unfit for habitation as it would change into a hot desert.
(b) If the Earth is taken too far from the Sun its temperature will grow lower since it will get a lesser amount of heat. It would become an ice bound desert unfit for human habitation,

Question 9.
State the time taken by Mercury in revolving round the sun.
Answer:

  • Mercury is the nearest to the Sun. It takes only about 88 days to complete its revolution round the Sun.
  • The earth takes 36514 days to complete one revolution round the Sim.

Question 10.
What is the position of our planet, the Earth in our Solar System?
Answer:

  • The Earth is the third nearest planet to the Sun.
  • On the basis of its size it is fifth largest planet.
  • It is slightly flattened at the poles, and has a bulge on the equator.
  • Hence it is described as a Geoid.
  • Geoid means earth-like shape.

The Earth in the Solar System Class 6 Extra Questions Long Answer Type

Question 1.
Why can the earth not be compared to other planets of the Solar System?
Answer:
The earth cannot be compared to other planets of the Solar System because of the following reasons:
It is only the earth which has life on it.
Conditions favourable to support life are found only on the Earth:

  • The Earth is neither too hot nor too cold.
  • It is the only planet which has water on it. Water is very essential for our survival.
  • It has life giving gas, oxygen.
  • It also contains ozone layer, which protects us from harmful solar rays.

Due to these reasons the earth is a Unique Planet in the Solar System.

Question 2.
Distinguish between a Satellite and a Star.
Answer:
Distinction between a satellite and a star:

SatelliteStar
1. Satellite is the celestial body which has    come into existence after separation from a planet. It does not have its own light and energy. It obtains light from the stars (the Sun).1. Stars are the celestial bodies which have their own light and energy.
2. They are small in size.2. Stars are very huge and extensive balls of fire and gases.
3. Number of satellites is 63 in our Solar      System.3. There are millions of millions stars in the universe. Sun is the only star in our Solar System.
4. A satellite is also called a moon which has been separated from its planet.4. Stars have their own light and energy (heat).
5. A satellite revolves round its planet.5. Star revolves round its galaxy
6. Example: Moon6. Example: Sun

Question 3.
Differentiate between a Planet and a Satellite.
Answer:
Difference between a planet and a satellite:

PlanetSatellite
1. Planets receive heat and light from the Sun around which they revolve.1. The Satellites revolve round their planets. They too have no fight of their own but only reflect the fight received from the Sim.
2. Planets have a spherical body.        2. Satellites are relatively small bodies.
3. There are nine major planets, our Earth is also one of them.3. There are only 57 satellites in our Solar System.
4. A planet is called a ‘Wanderer’.      4. A satellite is called a moon. It also means a smaller companion.
5. Planets move round the Sun.          5. Satellites revolve round the planets and accompany them in their revolution round the Sun.

Question 4.
Describe asteroids and meteoroids. Answer:
Asteroids

  • Besides Stars, Planets and Satellites there are also numerous tiny heavenly bodies.
  • They also revolve round the Sun.
  • They are called asteroids.
  • They are found between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
  • The largest asteroid is Ceres.
  • Asteroids are parts of a planet which exploded many years back.

Meteoroids

  • The small pieces of rocks which revolve round the Sun are called meteoroids.
  • When they enter the earth’s atmosphere, they begin to burn.
  • These burning rocks are called meteors.
  • They cause a flash or sink of light.
  • A meteor not destroyed fully, falls on the earth. It is called a meteorite. It creates a hollow or depression in the ground.
  • A very good example of such a meteorite depression is in Arizona, USA. India has an example of such depression in Ramgarh in Rajasthan.

Question 5.
Explain some features of the earth,
Answer:

  • The Sun has heat and light which makes life possible on the Earth.
  • The Earth is slightly flattened at the poles, and has a bulge on equator. Its shape is Geoid.
  • Conditions favourable for life are found on the earth.
  • The Earth is also called the blue planet as from the sky it looks blue because of the presence of water on it.
  • Our Earth has only one natural satellite. It is called the Moon.

Question 6.
Describe The Sun and its planets with the help of a diagram.
Answer:
The Sun:

  • The Sun is at the centre of the Solar System. It is the head of the Solar Family.
  • It is made up of extremely hot gases.
  • The Sun provides the gravitational pull that binds the Solar System.
  • It is also a massive store house of energy. The energy is essential for life on the Earth.
  • The Sun is about 15 crore km away from the Earth.

Planets:

  • There are eight planets in the Solar Family.
  • In order of their distance from the Sun they are Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune.
  • Mercury is the nearest to the Sun, while Neptune is the farthest from the Sun.

The Earth in the Solar System Class 6 Extra Questions Geography Chapter 1 L-Q6

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CHAPTER- 9 Urban Livelihoods | Important Questions & MCQs | CLASS 6th | Social Science Civics | NCERT| EDUGROWN

NCERT Important Questions & MCQs for Class 6 Social Science History

NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science includes all the questions provided in NCERT Class 6 Social Science Text book of Geography The Earth: Our Habitat, History Our Pasts, Civics Social and Political Life. Here CBSE Class 6 SST all questions are solved with the detailed explanation to score good marks in the exams.

CHAPTER- 9 Urban Livelihoods

 Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
How many percentage of people work on the streets of Ahmedabad? What works are they engaged in?
Answer:
According to a survey 12% of all the workers in the city of Ahmedabad work on the streets.

  • They sell things.
  • They repair things.
  • They provide services.

Question 2.
Describe the scene of the factory area.
Answer:
Factory Area

  • The area was full of small workshops.
  • Their rows were endless.
  • People worked on sewing machines in a small room and were stitching clothes and stocked them in one comer.

Urban Livelihoods Class 6 Extra Questions Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Who were working on street? What activities were in action on the street/ roads?
Answer:

  • A vegetable vendor.
  • Stall of flowers and garments.
  • Newspaper vendor.
  • Cobbler under a tree.
  • Roadside barber.
  • Cart pusher with all kinds of plastic bottles, boxes, hairpins, clips, etc.
  • Cycle trolly, carrying vegetables.

Activities:

  • Plying of buses.
  • Plying of autorickshaw with school children.
  • Rickshaw stand with severed rickshaws to take people to the nearby markets.

Question 2.
How do these people organise their work?
Answer:
These people organise their work in the following manner:

  • They are not employed. Hence they have to organise their own work in the following manner:
  • They plan how much to purchase, where and how to set up their shops.
  • Their shops are temporary structures:
  • Sometimes some boards
  • Papers spread over discarded boxes
  • Canvas sheets hung on four poles
  • Their own casts
  • Plastic sheets spread on the pavements.
  • These people have no security.
  • Police can dismantle their shops in a while.
  • Vendors sell their goods (food items), already prepared at home like snacks, foods, chholas, etc.

Question 3.
What is being done now for the hawkers/street vendors?
Answer:
The work of hawkers/street vendors has been recognised as important for the low income purchasers.

  • Previously hawkers were not allowed to sell their articles on the streets.
  • Now hawking zones have been suggested for the hawkers to move freely.
  • They have been made members of the committees which think about their welfare.

Question 4.
Describe the scene at the market place.
Answer:

  • The market was about to open.
  • People had already collected to buy things because it was a festival season.
  • There were rows and rows of shops:
  • They sold sweets, toys, clothes, footwear, utensils, electronic goods etc.
  • A dentist’s clinic was also there at one end of the market.

Question 5.
Describe the new garments showroom.
Answer:
From the dentist clinic, the author and his cousin went to new garments showroom, because the author wanted to buy some clothes.

  • The showroom had three floors.
  • Each floor had different kinds/types of clothes.
  • The third floor had clothes for girls.

Question 6.
Describe the scene in the buses which go to factory areas.
Answer:
Scene in the buses:

  • The buses were crowded.
  • At every bus stop more and more people boarded the bus and the crowd went on increasing in the bus.
  • The writer and her cousin stood in a comer so that they could not be squashed.
  • They felt surprise how people travelled daily in such a crowded state.

Question 7.
Describe the working conditions of the workers in factories.
Answer:
Working conditions for the workers in factories:

  • They have to work for 12 hours a day.
  • They have to work in day and night shifts on the machines. One worker for first 12 hours, another for next 12 hours on the same machine.
  • If they protest in respect of working condition or wages, they are dismissed from the job.
  • They are not well-treated.

Urban Livelihoods Class 6 Extra Questions Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What happened at the dentist’s clinic?
Answer:

  • The cousin of the author alongwith him went to the dentist for check up of her teeth.
  • They waited for their turn.
  • When the turn came the dentist checked up her teeth. One tooth had a cavity.
  • The dentist asked them to come next day as the cavity had to be filled.
  • The cousin felt sorry that she allowed her teeth to be decayed because of her carelessness. How it would be painful to get the cavity filled !

Question 2.
Why labourers gather at the labour chowk? What do you do as labourers?
Answer:
The labourers gather at the labour chowk for finding jobs on daily wage basis.
These labourers do the following works:

  • They act as helpers to masons.
  • They dig at construction sites.
  • They lift loads.
  • They unload trucks in the market.
  • They dig pipelines and telephone cables.
  • They also build roads.
  • These labourers are called casual workers.

Urban Livelihoods Class 6 Extra Questions Civics Chapter 9 L - Q2

Question 3.
Where does Nirmala work and what does she do there? What are her working conditions?
Answer:

  • Nirmala works in a garment factory.
  • The factory stitches summer clothes to be sent to USA, UK, Germany and Netherlands.

Working conditions for Nirmala:

  • She works as tailor on a sewing machine.
  • She works for long hours (nearly 12 hours) from December to April. Her working time begins at 9 a.m. and finishes at 10 p.m., sometimes even late.
  • She works six days a week.
  • Her wages are Rs. 80A per day for eight hours and Rs. 40/- extra for working late.
  • Her job is not permanent. During lean period (from June to November) she remains out of job and has to work elsewhere.

Question 4.
Give an account of Sudha’s duties.
Answer:
Sudha’s Duties:
Sudha works in a company of the Government as marketing manager. Her office is surrounded by tall buildings.

  • She is marketing manager in the company manufacturing biscuits.
  • She supervises 50 sales persons. They get orders and payments from shopkeepers.
  • She has divided the city into six zones/regions.
  • She works for six days.
  • She meets each salesperson once a week.
  • She checks their progress and discusses and sorts out their problems.
  • She pirns sales for the whole city. She often travels and works late in the evenings.

Multiple Choice Questions

Choose the correct option:

Question 1
Who is Bachchu Manjhi?
(a) Engineer
(b) Dentist
(c) Rikshaw-puller
(d) Teacher
Answer:
Rikshaw-puller

Question 2.
How much does Bachchu Manjhi earn per day?
(a) Rupees 50
(b) Rupees 100
(c) Rupees 150
(d) Rupees 200
Answer:
Rupees 100

Question 3.
The life of people in urban areas is than that of the rural area.
(a) slower
(b) faster
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
Answer:
faster

Question 4.
According to the survey in Ahmedabad city, how many workers work in the street?
(a) 10%
(b) 12%
(c) 14%
(d) 15%
Answer:
12%

Question 5.
If we feel a problem in our teeth, where should we go?
(a) To a physician
(b) To an orthopaedic
(c) To a veterinary clinic
(d) To a dentist
Answer:
To a dentist

Question 6.
Where are readymade clothes sold?
(a) At garments’ shop
(b) At shoes’ shop
(c) At chemist’s shop
(d) At none of these
Answer:
At garments’ shop

Question 7.
What does Vandana do?
(a) Sales woman
(b) Dress designer
(c) Nurse
(d) Peon
Answer:
Dress designer

Question 8.
Which of the following places are nearby Delhi?
(a) Mumbai and Goa
(b) Kullu and Manali
(c) Noida and Gurgaon
(d) Panipat and Kurukshetra
Answer:
Noida and Gurgaon

Question 9.
Most of businessmen are
(a ) self employed
(6) employed by others
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these
Answer:
self employed

Question 10.
The shopkeepers are given a licence by
(a) State Government
(b) Municipal corporation
(c) Central Government
(d) Court
Answer:
Municipal corporation

Question 11.
Where do labourers on daily wages wait with their tools?
(a) Labour Chowk
(b) Ramlila ground
(c) Cinema Halls
(d) None of these
Answer:
Labour Chowk

Question 12.
Where does Sudha work?
(a) In a company
(b) As sales person in a shop
(c) In a cinema hall
(d) All of these
Answer:
In a company

Question 13.
How much salary does she get?
(a) Rs. 5,000/- PM
(b) Rs. 10,000/- PM
(c) Rs. 15,000/- PM
(d) Rs. 30,000/- PM
Answer:
Rs. 30,000/- PM

Question 14.
What benefits does Sudha get along with her salary?
(a) Savings for old age
(b) Gets off on Sundays and national holidays
(c) Medical facilities
(d) All of these
Answer:
All of these

 

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