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CLASS 11th CHAPTER -19 Excretory Products and their Elimination |Biology | NCERT SOLUTION| EDUGROWN

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter -19 Excretory Products and their Elemination  includes all the important topics with detailed explanation that aims to help students to understand the concepts better. Students who are preparing for their Class 11 Biology exams must go through NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chapter -19 Excretory Products and their Elemination . NCERT Solutions will make you understand the topics in most simple manner and grasp it easily to perform better.

Class 11th Chapter -19 Excretory Products and their Elemination  | NCERT BIOLOGY SOLUTION |

Exercises
 
Page No: 300
 
1. Define Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
 
Answer
The amount of the filtrate formed by the kidneys per minute is called glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
 
2. Explain the autoregulatory mechanism of GFR.
 
Answer
The kidneys have built-in mechanisms for the regulation of glomerular filtration rate. One such efficient mechanism is carried out by juxtabglomerular apparatus (JGA). JGA is a special sensitive region formed by cellular modifications in the distal convoluted tubule and the afferent arteriole at the location of their contact. A fall in GFR can activate the JG cells to release renin which can stimulate the glomerular blood flow and thereby the GFR back to normal.
 
3. Indicate whether the following statements are true or false:

(a) Micturition is carried out by a reflex.
► True

(b) ADH helps in water elimination, making the urine hypotonic.
► False

(c) Protein-free fluid is filtered from blood plasma into the Bowman’s capsule.
► True

(d) Henle’s loop plays an important role in concentrating the urine.
► True

(e) Glucose is actively reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule.
► True
 
4. Give a brief account of the counter current mechanism.
 
Answer
The counter current mechanism operating inside the kidney is the main adaptation for the conservation of water. The Henle’s loop and vasa rectaare two counter current mechanisms inside the kidneys. The flow of filtrate in the two limbs of Henle’s loop is in opposite directions and thus forms a counter current. As a result, blood entering the renal medulla in the descending limb comes in close contact with the outgoing blood in the ascending limb. The osmolarity increases from 300 mOsmolL-1 in the cortex to 1200 mOsmolL-1 in the inner medulla by counter current mechanism. It helps in maintaining the concentration gradient, which in turn helps in easy movement of water from collecting tubules. The gradient is a result of the movement of NaCl and urea.
Counter current mechanism
 
5. Describe the role of liver, lungs and skin in excretion.
 
Answer
• Role of Lungs: This remove large amounts of CO2 and also significant quantities of water every day.
 
• Role of Liver: This is the largest gland in our body, secretes bile-containing substances like bilirubin, biliverdin, cholesterol, degraded steroid hormones, vitamins and drugs. Most of these substances ultimately pass out alongwith digestive wastes.
 
• Role of Skin: Skin has sweat and sebaceous glands that can eliminate certain substances through their secretions. Sweat glands are highly vascular and tubular glands that separate the waste products from the blood and excrete them in the form of sweat. Sweat excretes excess salt and water from the body. Sebaceous glands eliminate certain substances like sterols, hydrocarbons and waxes through sebum.
 
6. Explain micturition.

Answer
The process of release of urine is called micturition. Urine formed by the nephrons is ultimately carried to the urinary bladder where it is stored till a voluntary signal is given by the central nervous system (CNS). This signal is initiated by the stretching of the urinary bladder as it gets filled with urine. In response, the stretch receptors on the walls of the bladder send signals to the CNS. The CNS passes on motor messages to initiate the contraction of smooth muscles of the bladder and simultaneous relaxation of the urethral sphincter causing the release of urine. An adult human excretes, on an average, 1 to 1.5 litres of urine per day.

7. Match the items of column Iwith those of column II:
Column I
Column II
(a)Ammonotelism(i)Birds
(b)Bowman’s capsule(ii)Water reabsorption
(c)Micturition(iii)Bony fish
(d)Uricotelism(iv)Urinary bladder
(d)ADH(v)Renal tubule

Answer

Column I
Column II
(a)Ammonotelism(i)Bony fish
(b)Bowman’s capsule(ii)Renal tubule
(c)Micturition(iii)Urinary bladder
(d)Uricotelism(iv)Birds
(d)ADH(v)Water reabsorption         

Page No: 308

8. What is meant by the term osmoregulation?
 
Answer
 
Osmoregulation is the regulation of blood volume, body fluid volume and ionic concentration.
 
9. Terrestrial animals are generally either ureotelic or uricotelic, not ammonotelic, why?
 
Answer
 
Terrestrial animals are generally either ureotelic or uricotelic, not ammonotelic because:
→ Ammonia is the most toxic form and requires large amount of water for its elimination, whereas uric acid, being the least toxic, can be removed with a minimum loss of water. Therefore, it needs to be converted into a less toxic form such as urea or uric acid.
→ As ammonia is readily soluble, is generally excreted by diffusion across body surfaces or through gill surfaces (in fish) as ammonium ions. Hence, it is converted into urea or uric acid. These forms are less toxic and also insoluble in water. This helps terrestrial animals conserve water.

10. What is the significance of juxta glomerular apparatus (JGA) in kidney function?
 
Answer
 
The JGA plays a complex regulatory role. A fall in glomerular blood flow/glomerular blood pressure/GFR can activate the JG cells to release renin which converts angiotensinogen in blood to angiotensin I and further to angiotensin II. Angiotensin II, being a powerful vasoconstrictor, increases the glomerular blood pressure and thereby GFR. Angiotensin II also activates the adrenal cortex to release Aldosterone. Aldosterone causes reabsorption of Na+ and water from the distal parts of the tubule. This also leads to an increase in blood pressure and GFR. This complex mechanism is generally known as the Renin-Angiotensin mechanism.

11. Name the following:
 
(a) A chordate animal having flame cells as excretory structures
► Flatworms

(b) Cortical portions projecting between the medullary pyramids in the human kidney
► Columns of Bertini

(c) A loop of capillary running parallel to the Henle’s loop.
► Vasa Recta
 
12. Fill in the gaps:

(a) Ascending limb of Henle’s loop is ____________to water whereas the descending limb is___________to it.
► impermeable, permeable

(b) Reabsorption of water from distal parts of the tubules is facilitated by hormone____________.
► vassopressin

(c) Dialysis fluid contains all the constituents as in plasma except________.
► nitrogenous waste

(d) A healthy adult human excretes (on an average) _______ gm of urea/day.
► 25 to 30
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CLASS 11th CHAPTER -18 Body Fluids and Circulation |Biology | NCERT SOLUTION| EDUGROWN

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter -18 Body Fluids and Circulation  includes all the important topics with detailed explanation that aims to help students to understand the concepts better. Students who are preparing for their Class 11 Biology exams must go through NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chapter -18 Body Fluids and Circulation. NCERT Solutions will make you understand the topics in most simple manner and grasp it easily to perform better.

Class 11th Chapter -18 Body Fluids and Circulation | NCERT BIOLOGY SOLUTION |

Exercises 
 
Page No: 289
 
1. Name the components of the formed elements in the blood and mention one major function of each of them.
 
Answer
 
The components of the formed elements in the blood with their major function are:
→ Erythrocytes (RBC): The erythrocytes play a significant role in transport of respiratory gases.
→ Leucocytes (WBC): The leucocytes play an important role to fight against infections.
→ Thrombocytes (Platelets): Platelets are involve in the coagulation or clotting of blood.
 
2. What is the importance of plasma proteins?
 
Answer
 
The major plasma proteins are fibrinogen, globulins and albumins.
• Fibrinogen play important role in blood coagulation. 
• Globulins protects the body against infecting agents
• Albumins helps in maintaining the fluid volume within the vascular space.
 
3. Match column I with column II:

Column I
  
Column II
(a)
Eosinophils
(i)
Coagulation
(b)
RBC
(ii)
Universal Recipient
(c)
AB Group
(iii)
Resist Infections
(d)
Platelets
(iv)
Contraction of Heart
(e)
Systole
(v)
Gas transport

Answer

Column I
  
Column II
(a)
Eosinophils
(iii)
Resist Infections
(b)
RBC
(v)
Gas transport
(c)
AB Group
(ii)
Universal Recipient
(d)
Platelets
(i)
Coagulation
(e)
Systole
(iv)
Gas transport

4. Why do we consider blood as a connective tissue?
 
Answer
 
Blood as a connective tissue because:
→ Blood serves the purpose of connecting the body systems by transporting substances.
→ Blood is mesodermal in origin like any other connective tissues.
 
5. What is the difference between lymph and blood?

Answer

Lymph
Blood
It is red-coloured fluid It is a colourless fluid.
It contains plasma and lesser number of WBCs and platelets. It contains plasma, RBCs, WBCs, and platelets.
Its plasma lacks proteins. Its plasma has proteins, calcium, and phosphorus.
It transports nutrients from the tissue cells to the blood, through lymphatic vessels. It transports nutrients and oxygen from one organ to another.
It helps in body defence and is a part of the immune system. It helps in the circulation of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
The flow of lymph is slow. The flow of blood in the blood vessels is fast.

6. What is meant by double circulation? What is its significance?
 
Answer
 
Double circulation is a process during which blood passes twice through the heart during one complete cycle. It consist of two separate circulation:

→ Systemic circulation: In this circulation the oxygenated blood from the left ventricle of heart is pumped to all the body parts (except lungs) through aorta. After this, deoxygenated blood from various parts comes back to heart by superior and inferior vena cava into the right atria. This completes the 1st circulation.

→ Pulmonary circulation: In pulmonary circulation the deoxygenated blood brought back from body parts is pumped to lungs by the right ventricle through the pulmonary artery. In lungs deoxygenated blood is again converted back to oxygenated blood and sent back to the heart in left atria by pulmonary veins. This completes the 2nd circulation.

The most important significance of this system is that the oxygenated and deoxygenated blood does not mix anywhere in the body thus improves the oxygen supplying capacity of the heart.
 
7. Write the differences between:
(a) Blood and Lymph
(b) Open and Closed system of circulation
(c) Systole and Diastole
(d) P-wave and T-wave
 
Answer

(a) Blood and Lymph
Lymph
Blood
It is a colourless fluid. It is red-coloured fluid.
It contains plasma and lesser number of WBCs and platelets. It contains plasma, RBCs, WBCs, and platelets.
It transports nutrients from the tissue cells to the blood, through lymphatic vessels. It transports nutrients and oxygen from one organ to another.
It helps in body defence and is a part of the immune system. It helps in the circulation of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

(b) Open and Closed system of circulation


Open system of circulation Closed system of circulation
In this system, blood is pumped by the heart, through large vessels, into body cavities called sinuses. In this system, blood is pumped by the heart, through a closed network of vessels.
The body tissues are in direct contact with blood.
The body tissues are in indirect contact with blood.
Blood flows at low pressure. Blood flows at high pressure.
Blood flow cannot be regulated. 
Blood flow can be regulated
This is present in arthropods and molluscs. This is present in annelids, echinoderms, and vertebrates.
 
(c) Systole and Diastole

Systole
Diastole
It is the contraction of the heart chambers to drive blood into the aorta and the pulmonary artery. It is the relaxation of the heart chambers between two contractions.
Systole decreases the volume of the heart chambers and forces the blood out of them. Diastole brings the heart chambers back into their original sizes to receive more blood

(d) P-wave and T-wave

Systole
Diastole
In an electrocardiogram (ECG), the P-wave indicates the activation of the Sino-atrial node. In an electrocardiogram (ECG), the T-wave represents ventricular relaxation.
During this phase, the impulse of contraction is generated by the SA node, causing atrial depolarisation. During this phase, the ventricles relax and return to their normal state.
It is of atrial origin. It is of ventricular origin.

8. Describe the evolutionary change in the pattern of heart among the vertebrates.

Answer

The heart of vertebrates evolved from the simple 2-chambered heart of fishes to complex multi-chambered hearts.
Fishes have a 2-chambered heart with an atrium and a ventricle. Amphibians and the reptiles except crocodiles have a 3-chambered heart with two atria and a single ventricle, whereas crocodiles, birds and mammals possess a 4-chambered heart with two atria and two ventricles.
In fishes the heart pumps out deoxygenated blood which is oxygenated by the gills and supplied to the body parts from where deoxygenated blood is returned to the heart (single circulation).
In amphibians and reptiles, the left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the gills/lungs/skin and the right atrium gets the deoxygenated blood from other body parts. However, they get mixed up in the single ventricle which pumps out mixed blood (incomplete double circulation).
In birds and mammals, oxygenated and deoxygenated blood received by the left and right atria respectively passes on to the ventricles of the same sides. The ventricles pump it out without any mixing up, i.e., two separate circulatory pathways are present in these organisms, hence, these animals have double circulation.

9. Why do we call our heart myogenic?
 
Answer
 
Heart is called myogenic because all the normal activities of the heart are regulated intrinsically or the activities are auto regulated by specialised muscles known as nodal tissues without the need for an external stimulus to be delivered by the nervous system.
 
10. Sino-atrial node is called the pacemaker of our heart. Why?
 
Answer
 
The sino-atrial (SA) node is a node of specialised cardiac muscle fibres located in the upper part of the right atrium of the heart. The cardiac impulse originates from the SA node triggers a sequence of electrical events in the heart and is responsible for initiating and maintaining the rhythmic contractile activity of the heart. Therefore, it is called the pacemaker.
 
11. What is the significance of atrio-ventricular node and atrio-ventricular bundle in the functioning of heart?
 
Answer
 
The atrio-ventricular node and atrio-ventricular bundle has the ability to generate action potentials without any external stimuli. Their main function is to get excited by the action potential initiated by the Sino- atrial node and conduct the stimulus to the remaining part of the heart through which they branch thus helping in the rhythmic contraction and relaxation of the heart.
 
12. Define a cardiac cycle and the cardiac output.
 
Answer

The sequential events taking place in the heart which is the contraction or systole and relaxation or diastole of both the atria and ventricles is called cardiac cycle.
The volume of blood pumped out by the ventricles in one minute is called the cardiac output. 
 
13. Explain heart sounds.

Answer
 
Two prominent sounds are produced during each cardiac cycle. The first heart sound (lub) is associated with the closure of the tricuspid and bicuspid valves whereas the second heart sound (dub) is associated with the closure of the semilunar valves. These sounds are of clinical diagnostic significance.
 
14. Draw a standard ECG and explain the different segments in it.
 
Answer
 
Standard ECG
 
Each peak in the ECG is identified with a letter from P to T that corresponds to a specific electrical activity of the heart.
The P-wave represents the electrical excitation or depolarization of the atria. Depolarisation of atria leads to atricular systole.
The QRS complex represents the depolarization of the ventricles which initiates ventricular systole.
The T-wave represents the return of the ventricles from excited to normal state (repolarisation). The end of T-wave marks the end of systole.
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CLASS 11th CHAPTER -17 Breathing and Exchange of gases |Biology | NCERT SOLUTION| EDUGROWN

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter -17 Breathing and Exchange of Gases  includes all the important topics with detailed explanation that aims to help students to understand the concepts better. Students who are preparing for their Class 11 Biology exams must go through NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chapter -17 Breathing and Exchange of Gases. NCERT Solutions will make you understand the topics in most simple manner and grasp it easily to perform better.

Class 11th Chapter -17 Breathing and Exchange of Gases | NCERT BIOLOGY SOLUTION |

Exercises
 
Page No: 277
 
1. Define vital capacity. What is its significance?
 
Answer
The maximum volume of air a person can breathe in after a forced expiration is called vital capacity. It helps in finding differentiate causes of lung disease.
 
2. State the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a normal breathing.

Answer
The volume of air remaining in the lungs after a normal breathing is called Functional residual capacity (FRC). This includes expiratory reserve volume (ERV) and residual volume (RV). ERV=1000 to 1100 ml
RV = 1100 to 1200 ml
Thus, FRC = 2100 to 2300 ml

3. Diffusion of gases occurs in the alveolar region only and not in the other parts of respiratory system. Why?
 
Answer
Alveoli are the primary sites of exchange of gases. Exchange of gases also occur between blood and tissues. O2 and CO2 are exchanged in these sites by simple diffusion mainly based on pressure/concentration gradient. Alveolar region is having enough pressure gradient to facilitate diffusion of gases while other regions of the respiratory system don’t have the required pressure gradient. Solubility of the gases as well as the thickness of the membranes involved in diffusion are also some important factors that can affect the rate of diffusion.

4. What are the major transport mechanisms for CO2? Explain.

Answer
CO2 is carried by haemoglobin as carbamino-haemoglobin (about 20-25 per cent). This binding is related to the partial pressure of CO2 . pO2 is a major factor which could affect this binding. When pCO2 is high and pO2 is low as in the tissues, more binding of carbon dioxide occurs whereas, when the pCO2 is low and pO2 is high as in the alveoli, dissociation of CO2 from carbamino-haemoglobin takes place, i.e., CO2 which is bound to haemoglobin from the tissues is delivered at the alveoli. RBCs contain a very high concentration of the enzyme, carbonic anhydrase and minute quantities of the same is present in the plasma too. This enzyme facilitates the following reaction in both directions.
Transport of CO2
At the tissue site where partial pressure of CO2 is high due to catabolism, CO2 diffuses into blood (RBCs and plasma) and forms HCO3– and H+, . At the alveolar site where pCO2 is low, the reaction proceeds in the opposite direction leading to the formation of CO2 and H2O. Thus, CO2 trapped as bicarbonate at the tissue level and transported to the alveoli is released out as CO2 as shown in above figure. Every 100 ml of deoxygenated blood delivers approximately 4 ml of CO2 to the alveoli.
 
5. What will be the pO2 and pCO2 in the atmospheric air compared to those in the alveolar air?
(i) pO2 lesser, pCO2 higher
(ii) pO2 higher, pCO2 lesser
(iii) pO2 higher, pCO2 higher
(iv) pO2 lesser, pCO2 lesser
 
Answer
(ii) pO2 higher, pCO2 lesser

6. Explain the process of inspiration under normal conditions.

Answer
Inspiration is initiated by the contraction of diaphragm which increases the volume of thoracic chamber in the antero-posterior axis. The contraction of external inter-costal muscles lifts up the ribs and the sternum causing an increase in the volume of the thoracic chamber in the dorso-ventral axis. The overall increase in the thoracic volume causes a similar increase in pulmonary volume. An increase in pulmonary volume decreases the intra-pulmonary pressure to less than the atmospheric pressure. This pressure gradient forces the air from outside to move into the lungs and inspiration takes place.

7. How is respiration regulated?
 
Answer
The respiration is regulated bu neural system. A specialised centre present in the medulla region of the brain called respiratory rhythm centre is primarily responsible for this regulation. Another centre present in the pons region of the brain called pneumotaxic centre can moderate the functions of the respiratory rhythm centre. Neural signal from this centre can reduce the duration of inspiration and thereby alter the respiratory rate. A chemosensitive area is situated adjacent to the rhythm centre which is highly sensitive to CO2 and hydrogen ions. Increase in these substances can activate this centre, which in turn can signal the rhythm centre to make necessary adjustments in the respiratory process by which these substances can be eliminated. Receptors associated with aortic arch and carotid artery also can recognise changes in CO2 and H+ concentration and send necessary signals to the rhythm centre for remedial actions. The role of oxygen in the regulation of respiratory rhythm is quite insignificant.
 
8. What is the effect of pCO2 on oxygen transport?
 
Answer
pCO2 plays a major role in transportation of oxygen. In the alveoli, the low pCO2 and high pO2 favours the formation of haemoglobin. In the tissues, the high pCO2 and low pO2 favours the dissociation of oxygen from oxyhaemoglobin. Hence, the affinity of haemoglobin for oxygen is enhanced by the decrease of pCO2 in blood. Therefore, oxygen is transported in blood as oxyhaemoglobin and oxygen dissociates from it at the tissues.

9. What happens to the respiratory process in a man going up a hill?
 
Answer
When a man going up a hill he has to exert more effort to climb which increases the consumption of oxygen. As a result, the partial pressure of oxygen in haemoglobin decreases which creates more demand for oxygen. Thus, the breathing rate increases to fill this gap.

10. What is the site of gaseous exchange in an insect?
 
Answer
 
Insects have a network of tubes known as tracheal tubes to transport atmospheric air within the body. The tracheae open on the lateral surface of the animal through minute pores called spiracles.
 
11. Define oxygen dissociation curve. Can you suggest any reason for its sigmoidal pattern?
 
Answer
 
When percentage saturation of haemoglobin with O2 is plotted against the pO2 a sigmoid curve is obtained which is called Oxygen dissociation curve.
The dissociation curve is sigmoidal pattern because of the binding of oxygen to haemoglobin. As the first oxygen molecule binds to haemoglobin, it increases the affinity for the second molecule of oxygen to bind. Subsequently, haemoglobin attracts more oxygen.
 
12. Have you heard about hypoxia? Try to gather information about it, and discuss with your friends.
 
Answer
Hypoxia is defined as a condition of the body in which the tissue have shortage of oxygen. It generally happens because of a mismatch between oxygen demand and supply.

13. Distinguish between
(a) IRV and ERV
(b) Inspiratory capacity and Expiratory capacity
(c) Vital capacity and Total lung capacity
 
Answer
 
(a) IRV and ERV
 
Inspiratory reserve volume(IRV)
Expiratory reserve volume (ERV)
It is the maximum volume of air that can be inhaled after a normal inspiration. It is the maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after a normal expiration.
It is about 2500-3500 mL in the human lungs. It is about 1000-1100 mL in the human lungs.

(b) Inspiratory capacity and Expiratory capacity

Inspiratory capacity (IC)
Expiratory capacity (EC)
It is the volume of air that can be inhaled after a normal expiration. It is the volume of air that can be exhaled after a normal inspiration.
It includes tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume. (IC = TV + IRV) It includes tidal volume and expiratory reserve volume. (EC = TV + ERV)

(c) Vital capacity and Total lung capacity

Vital capacity (VC)
Total lung capacity (TLC)
It is the maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inspiration.  It is the volume of air in the lungs after maximum inspiration. It includes IC, ERV, and residual volume.
It includes IC and ERV It includes IC, ERV, and residual volume.
It is about 4000 mL in the human lungs. It is about 5000-6000 mL in the human lungs.

14. What is Tidal volume? Find out the Tidal volume (approximate value) for a healthy human in an hour.
 
Answer
 
Tidal volume is the volume of air inspired or expired during normal respiration. It is approximately 500 ml in a healthy man.
The hourly tidal volume for a healthy human (taking 12 breathes/min) can be calculated as:
= 500 ml × 12 × 60 minute = 360000 ml
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CLASS 11th CHAPTER -16 Digestion and Absorption |Biology | NCERT SOLUTION| EDUGROWN

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter – 16 Digestion and Absorption includes all the important topics with detailed explanation that aims to help students to understand the concepts better. Students who are preparing for their Class 11 Biology exams must go through NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chapter -16 Digestion and Absorption. NCERT Solutions will make you understand the topics in most simple manner and grasp it easily to perform better.

Class 11th Chapter -16 Digestion and Absorption | NCERT BIOLOGY SOLUTION |

Exercises
 
Page No: 267
 
1. Choose the correct answer among the following :

(a) Gastric juice contains
(i) pepsin, lipase and rennin
(ii) trypsin, lipase and rennin
(iii) trypsin, pepsin and lipase
(iv) trypsin, pepsin and renin
► (i) pepsin, lipase and rennin

(b) Succus entericus is the name given to
(i) a junction between ileum and large intestine
(ii) intestinal juice
(iii) swelling in the gut
(iv) appendix
► (ii) intestinal juice
 
2. Match column I with column II
Column I
Column II
(a)
Bilirubin and biliverdin
(i)
Parotid
(b)
Hydrolysis of starch
(ii)
Bile
(c)
Digestion of fat
(iii)
Lipases
(d)
Salivary gland
(iv)
Amylases

Answer

Column I
Column II
(a)
Bilirubin and biliverdin
(ii)
Bile
(b)
Hydrolysis of starch
(iv)
Amylases
(c)
Digestion of fat
(iii)
Lipases
(d)
Salivary gland
(i)
Parotid

3. Answer briefly:
(a) Why are villi present in the intestine and not in the stomach?
(b) How does pepsinogen change into its active form?
(c) What are the basic layers of the wall of alimentary canal?
(d) How does bile help in the digestion of fats?
 
Answer
 
(a) Villi are finger like structures that absorb the nutrients from digested food in the intestine. The main function of villi is to absorption of nutrients so they are present in small intestine as this is the place where absorption of food takes place. Villi is not present in stomach because the food is still yet to be broken down therefore, similar finger like structures called “rugae” is present which secrete pepsin and the gastric juices for the digestion to take place in the stomach.
 
(b) Pepsinogen changes into its active form by the action of hydrochloric acid.


(c) The walls of the alimentary canal are made up of four layers. These are:
• Serosa: It is the outermost layer and is made up of a thin mesothelium with some connective tissues.
• Muscularis: It is a thin layer of smooth muscles which are usually arranged into an inner circular and outer longitudinal layer.
• Sub-mucosa: It is a layer of loose connective tissues, containing nerves, blood, and lymph vessels which supports mucosa.
• Mucosa: It is the innermost lining of the lumen of the alimentary canal which is mainly involved in absorption and secretion.
 
(d) Bile helps in emulsification of fats and also activates lipases. Therefore, bile helps in digestion of fats.
 
4. State the role of pancreatic juice in digestion of proteins.
 
Answer
 
Pancreatic juice contains a variety of inactive enzymes such as trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, and carboxypeptidases which help in the digestion of proteins and the partially hydrolysed proteins, like proteoses and peptones, into dipeptides.
 
5. Describe the process of digestion of protein in stomach.
 
Answer
The food that enters the stomach becomes acidic on mixing with this gastric juice which is secreted by gastric glands present on the wall of stomach. The main components of gastric juice are hydrochloric acid, pepsinogen, mucus, and rennin. The inactive proenzyme, pepsinogen when acted upon by hydrochloric acid gets converted into active enzyme pepsin which coverts protein into proteoses and peptides.
Renin which is present in gastric juice of infants helps in the digestion of milk protein.
 
6. Give the dental formula of human beings.
 
Answer
The dental formula in humans is represented as I 2/2, C 1/1, PM 2/2, M 3/3 in which
I = Incisors
C = Canine
PM = Pre molar
M = Molar
Thus, the dental formula of human beings is 2123/2123.
 
7. Bile juice contains no digestive enzymes, yet it is important for digestion. Why?
 
Answer
Bile juice not contain any digestive enzymes yet it plays an important role in the digestion of fats. as it contains bile salts, bile pigments like bilirubin, biliverdin and phospholipids. Bile salts break down large fat globules into smaller globules so that the pancreatic enzymes can easily act on them. This process is known as emulsification of fats. It also makes the medium of food from acidic to alkaline and activates lipase.
 
8. Describe the digestive role of chymotrypsin. What two other digestive enzymes of the same category are secreted by its source gland?

Answer
Chymotrypsin is an active enzyme formed by the action of trypsin in the pancreatic juice. This helps in the digestion of proteins peptones and proteoses converting it into dipeptides.
The other two digestive enzyme secreted by its source gland is amylase and lipases.
 
9. How are polysaccharides and disaccharides digested?

Answer
The polysaccharides and disaccharides are partially digested by the amylase enzyme present in the pancreatic juice. The remaining digestion takes place by enzymes in the succus entericus. The enzyme maltase converts maltose into two molecules of glucose, lactase converts lactose into glucose and galactose, sucrase converts sucrose into glucose and fructose.
 
10. What would happen if HCl were not secreted in the stomach?
 
Answer
If HCl were not secreted in the stomach then it would affect protein digestion. The HCl secreted by glands present on stomach walls provides acidic medium to food. The acidic medium allows pepsinogen to be converted into pepsin. Pepsin plays an important role in the digestion of proteins. Therefore, if HCl were not secreted in the stomach, then pepsin would not be activated and affects its digestion.
 
11. How does butter in your food gets digested and absorbed in the body?
 
Answer
Digestion of butter
Butter is mainly composed of fat. Bile juice secreted by the liver contains bile salts break down large fat globules into smaller globules which increases the surface area for the action of lipase. This is known as emulsification of fats. After this, the pancreatic lipase present in the pancreatic juice and the intestinal lipase present in the intestinal juice hydrolyse the fat molecules into triglycerides, diglycerides, monoglycerides, and ultimately into fatty aicds and glycerol.
 
Absorption of butter
The ultimate products of fat i.e., fatty acids and glycerol is not water soluble so they can’t absorbed the blood directly. Therefore, they are first incorporated into small droplets called micelles and then transported into the villi of the intestinal mucosa. They are re-formed into very small protein coated fat globules called the chylomicrons which are transported into the lymph vessels in the villi. These lymph vessels ultimately release the absorbed substances into the blood stream.

12. Discuss the main steps in the digestion of proteins as the food passes through different parts of the alimentary canal.

Answer
 
The digestion of protein starts in stomach and completes in small intestine.
In stomach, active pepsin is formed by the action of HCl on inactive pepsinogen  converts proteins into proteases and peptones.
In small intestine, the pancreatic juice contains inactive enzymes – trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen and procarboxypeptidases in the inactive form. Trypsinogen is activated by an enzyme, enterokinase, secreted by the intestinal mucosa into active trypsin, which in turn activates the other enzymes in the pancreatic juice. Chymotrypsinogen and procarboxypeptidases get converted into chymotrypsin and carboxypeptidase in the presence of trypsin. Chymotrypsin converts the proteins into peptides, and carboxypeptidase further converts peptides into smaller peptide chains and amino acids.
 
13. Explain the term thecodont and diphyodont.
 
Answer
 
The type of attachment in which each tooth is embedded in a socket of jawbone is called thecodont.
Majority of mammals including human beings form two sets of teeth during their life, a set of temporary milk or deciduous teeth, replaced by a set of permanent or adult teeth. This type of dentition is called diphyodont.
 
14. Name different types of teeth and their number in an adult human.
 
Answer
Different types of teeth and their number in an adult human are:
→ Incisors: Total number is 8
→ Canine: Total number is 4
→ Premolars: Total number is 8
→ Molars: Total number is 12
 
15. What are the functions of liver?
 
Answer
The functions of liver are:
→ The liver secretes bile juice which helps in the digestion of fats.
→ It secretes an anticoagulant called heparin which prevent clotting of blood inside blood vessels.
→ It produces a protein, angiotensinogen, which helps the kidneys in maintaining body fluid osmoregulation.
→ It is an important place of lymph formation.
→ It produces red blood cells in the embryo.
→ It also helps in breakdown of insulin and other hormones, haemogloin, some toxic substances and conversion of ammonia into urea takes place in liver.
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NCERT MCQ CLASS-9 CHAPTER-3 | ENGLISH NCERT MCQ| | MOMENTS IMPORTANT MCQ | | ISHWARAN THE STORY TELLER | EDUGROWN

In This Post we are  providing Chapter-3 Iswaran the Story Teller NCERT MCQ for Class 9 English which will be beneficial for students. These solutions are updated according to 2021-22 syllabus. These MCQS  can be really helpful in the preparation of Board exams and will provide you with a brief knowledge of the chapter.

NCERT MCQ ON ISHWARAN THE STORY TELLER

Question 1.
Which art helped Iswaran to bring down the beast ?
(a) boxing
(b) wrestling
(c) ju-jitsu
(d) yoga

Answer: (c) ju-jitsu

Question 2.
Where did the school boys hide themselves to see the mad elephant ?
(a) on trees
(b) in their houses
(c) in their classrooms
(d) in the Headmaster’s room

Answer: (c) in their classrooms

Question 3.
What happened to the elephant when Iswaran hit on the third toenail of the elephant ?
(a) grunted loudly and collapsed on the
(b) ran away from there ground
(c) caught Iswaran in his trunk and threw him
(d) made friendship with Iswaran away

Answer: (a) grunted loudly and collapsed on the ground

Question 4.
From where was Iswaran watching this incident
(a) from a room
(b)from the cupboard
(c) from a tree
(d) from the rooftop

Answer: (d) from the rooftop

Question 5.
Why did the people run helter-skelter in panic ?
(a) to see the tiger
(b) to see a giant
(c) to see a giant
(d) none of these

Answer: (b) to see the mad elephant

Question 6.
In Iswaran story from where the tusker escaped ?
(a) cage
(b) timber yard
(c) forest
(d) circus

Answer: (b) timber yard

Question 7.
What was the special feature of his stories ?
(a) light humor
(b) satire on system
(c) tragic ending
(d) suspense and a surprise ending

Answer: (d) suspense and a surprise ending

Question 8.
Iswaran had an amazing capacity. What was it ?
(a) falling down big trees
(b) producing vegetables and cooking ingredients
(c) telling lies
(d) cheat shopkeepers

Answer: (b) producing vegetables and cooking ingredients

Question 9.
What was Mahindra’s marital status ?
(a) married
(b) widower
(c) engaged and going to be married soon
(d) bachelor

Answer: (d) bachelor

Question 10.
Whom does Mahendra narrate the story of Iswaran.?
(a) Ganesh
(b) Iswaran
(c) R.K. Laxman
(d) none of these

Answer: (a) Ganesh

Question 11.
How did Iswaran say the elephant was revived?
(a) He said he gave the elephant an injection.
(b) He said he gave the elephant artificial respiration.
(c) He said a veterinary doctor was called there.
(d) He said a man from the zoo helped to revive the elephant.

Answer: (c) He said a veterinary doctor was called there.

Question 12.
Mahendra listened to Iswaran’s tales ………
(a) unattentively.
(b) We-uncritically.
(c) uneasily.
(d) unendingly.

Answer: (b) We-uncritically.

Question 13.
What kind of books did Iswaran usually read ?
(a) Some popular Tamil religious book.
(b) Some popular Tamil love story.
(c) Some popular Tamil thriller.
(d) Some popular Tamil folk songs.

Answer: (c) Some popular Tamil thriller.

Question 14.
What would Iswaran do after Mahendra had left ?
(a) Tidy up the shed.
(b) Wash the clothes.
(c) Have a leisurely bath.
(d) All the above

Answer: (d) All the above.

Question 15.
When would Mahendra leave for his work ?
(a) Very early in the morning.
(b) After breakfast.
(c) After lunch.
(d) After sunset.

Answer: (b) After breakfast.

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NCERT MCQ CLASS-9 CHAPTER-2 | ENGLISH NCERT MCQ | | MOMENTS IMPORTANT MCQ | | THE ADVENTURES OF TOTO | EDUGROWN

In This Post we are  providing Chapter-2 The Adventures of Toto NCERT MCQ for Class 9 English which will be beneficial for students. These solutions are updated according to 2021-22 syllabus. These MCQS  can be really helpful in the preparation of Board exams and will provide you with a brief knowledge of the chapter.

NCERT MCQ ON THE ADVENTURES OF TOTO

Question 1. Why did the ticket collector call Toto a dog?
(a) because he was peeping out of the bag
(c) because of his dog like looks
(c) to fix fare
(d) All

Answer : C

Question 2. Toto was resold to the ——–
(a) Bus driver
(b) Zoo
(c) Tonga driver
(d) Friend

Answer : C

Question 3. Who was Nana?
(a) The writer’s maternal Grandfather
(b) The family donkey in Grandfather’s house
(c) Grandfather’s pet tortoise
(d) Grandfather’s pet lizard

Answer : B

Question 4. What fare did the ticket-collector charge from Grandfather as the ticket of Toto?
(a) two rupees
(b) three rupees
(c) four rupees
(d) five rupees

Answer : B

Question 5. What is this story about?
(a) humor and adventure of a naughty monkey, Toto
(b) love animals
(c) about habitats of monkeys
(d) None

Answer : A

Question 6. Toto is the name of a
(a) Rabbit
(b) Dog
(c) Monkey
(d) Cat

Answer : C

Question 7. Toto’s teeth were
(a) Pearly white
(b) Red
(c) Yellow
(d) Black

Answer : A

Question 8. Why did grandfather buy the monkey?
(a) to have a companion
(b) to help him
(c) to add to the collection of animals in zoo at his home
(d) None

Answer : C

Question 9. What kind of water did Toto like to take a bath in?
(a) cold water
(b) ice water
(c) snow water
(d) warm water

Answer : D

Question 10. How much sum was taken as a fare for Toto?
(a) Hundred rupees
(b) Three rupees
(c) Twenty rupees
(d) Two rupees

Answer : B

Question 11. —— was a great treat for Toto during cold winter.
(a) Bath
(b) Playing
(c) Eating
(d) Evening walk

Answer : A

Question 12. What had Toto done to Nana?.
(a) fastened his teeth on her ears
(b) let her loose
(c) ate all her hay
(d) made friends with her

Answer : A

Question 13. How did the ticket collector fix the fare for Toto?
(a) By calling him a dog
(b) By asking other passengers
(c) By giving him a seat
(d) By following his rule book

Answer : D

Question 14. How did Toto prove to other animals?
(a) friendly
(b) troublesome
(c) soothing
(d) careful

Answer : B

Question 15. Who had taught Toto to take a bath?
(a) writer
(b) writer’s friend
(c) his first owner
(d) grandmother

Answer : A

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NCERT MCQ CLASS-9 CHAPTER-1 | ENGLISH NCERT MCQ | | MOMENTS IMPORTANT MCQ | | THE LOST CHILD | EDUGROWN

In This Post we are  providing Chapter-1The Lost Child  NCERT MCQ for Class 9 English which will be beneficial for students. These solutions are updated according to 2021-22 syllabus. These MCQS  can be really helpful in the preparation of Board exams and will provide you with a brief knowledge of the chapter.

NCERT MCQ ON THE LOST CHILD

Question 1.
What did the child do when he didn’t find his parents with him?
(a) He cried, ‘Father, Mother.’
(b) He ran here and there in all directions.
(c) Both a and b above.
(d) Neither a nor b.

Answer: (c) Both a and b above.

Question 2.
The child was attracted by the music of the snake-charmer, yet he moved on. Why.?
(a) His parents had forbidden him to hear such coarse music.
(b) His parents were saying, “Come, child, come.”
(c) The child was afraid of the cobra.
(d) The child did not want to be left behind.

Answer: (a) His parents had forbidden him to hear such coarse music.

Question 3.
The child asked for a garland of flowers but then he moved on without waiting for an answer. Why?
(a) He knew his parents would refuse to buy him those flowers.
(b) He knew his parents would say they were cheap flowers.
(c) Both a and b above.
(d) Neither a nor b.

Answer: (b) He knew his parents would say they were cheap flowers.

Question 4.
The child asked for burfi but then he moved on without waiting for an answer. Why?
(a) He knew his plea would not be heeded.
(b) He knew his parents were poor.
(c) He knew his parents had no money.
(d) He knew it was bad to be greedy.

Answer: (a) He knew his plea would not be heeded.

Question 5.
What was the child’s, favorite sweet?
(a) Gulab Jamun.
(b) Rosogolla.
(c)Burfi
(d) Jalebi.

Answer: (c)Burfi

Question 6.
What did the child do when he heard the cooing of doves in the grove?
(a) He started cooing like the doves.
(b) He tried to catch the doves.
(c) He ran towards his parents shouting, ‘The dove! The dove !’
(d) He told his parents that he wanted to have the dove

Answer: (c) He ran towards his parents shouting, ‘The dove! The dove !’

Question 7.
What happened as the child entered the grove?
(a) A shower of young flowers fell on him.
(b) A dove flew above his head.
(c) His father started shouting at him.
(d) His mother collected some flowers for him.

Answer: (a) A shower of young flowers fell on him.

Question 8.
What was it that attracted the child on the footpath?
(a) The butterflies.
(b) The dragon-flies.
(c) The Doves.
(d) The little insects and worms

Answer: (d) The little insects and worms

Question 9.
What did the child do as they passed by the mustard-field?
(a) He collected some flowers.
(b) He ran after butterflies and caught some of them.
(c) He would try to catch dragon-flies as one of them settled down to rest there.
(d) He lay down to rest there

Answer: (c) He would try to catch dragon-flies as one of them settled down to rest there.

Question 10.
What did the mother do when the child said, “I want that toy.”?
(a) She asked the father to buy that toy for the child.
(b) She looked at the child red-eyed.
(c) She said they had no money for the toy.
(d) She said, “Look, child, what is there before you !”

Answer: (d) She said, “Look, child, what is there before you !”

Question 11.
What did the child do when his parents said, ‘Come, child, come’?
(a) He refused to move.
(b) He hurried towards them.
(c) He looked at them angrily.
(d) He began to cry.

Answer: (b) He hurried towards them.

Question 12.
How was the little boy feeling while going to the fair?
(a) Nervous.
(b) Frightened.
(c) Sad and unhappy.
(d) Full of life and laughter.

Answer: (d) Full of life and laughter.

Question 13.
How were the people going to the festival?
(a) Going on foot.
(b) Riding on horses.
(c) Carried in bamboo and bullock carts.
(d) All the above

Answer: (d) All the above

Question 14.
What festival were the people going to celebrate?
(a) The festival of Holi.
(b) The festival of Spring.
(c) The festival of Dussehra.
(d) The festival of Diwali.

Answer: (b) The festival of Spring.

Question 15.
Name the characters in the lesson
(a) parents
(b) generous man
(c) The Lost Child
(d) All

Answer: (d) All

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NCERT MCQ CLASS-9 CHAPTER-11 | ENGLISH NCERT MCQ | | BEEHIVE IMPORTANT MCQ | | IF I WERE U | EDUGROWN

In This Post we are  providing Chapter-11 If I Were U NCERT MCQ for Class 9 English which will be beneficial for students. These solutions are updated according to 2021-22 syllabus. These MCQS  can be really helpful in the preparation of Board exams and will provide you with a brief knowledge of the chapter.

NCERT MCQ ON IF I WERE U

Question 1:

The entrance of the cottage was in the

(a) Left

(b) In front

(c) Right

(d) Back

Answer:

(c) Right.

Question 2:

A small table was kept at the —– side of the room.

(a) Left

(b) Middle

(c) Right

(d) No table

Answer:

(a) Left.

Question 3:

—- was kept on the right side of the room.

(a) Chair

(b) Bed

(c) Table

(d) Sofa

Answer:

(b) Bed.

Question 4:

Gerrard was —- man.

(a) tall

(b) Fat

(c) Medium height

(d) Thin

Answer:

(c) Medium Height.

Question 5:

Gerrard was wearing —- shaped spectacles.

(a) Horn

(b) Cat eye

(c) Round

(d) Rectangular

Answer:

(a) Horn.

Question 6:

Gerrard said that he would reach in

(a) Two Hours

(b) Ten minutes

(c) Twenty minutes

(d) 1 Hour

Answer:

(c) Twenty minutes.

Question 7:

Another man entered with —- in the room.

(a) Vegetables

(b) Green

(c) Books

(d) Luggage

Answer:

(b) Green.

Question 8:

The intruder sat on the

(a) Floor

(b) Chair

(c) Sofa

(d) Divan

Answer:

(d) Divan.

Question 9:

The intruder wanted to kill Gerrard to talk his

(a) Money

(b) Jewellery

(c) Car

(d) Identity

Answer:

(d) Identity.

Question 10:

Gerrard’s small cottage was situated in

(a) Siberia

(b) Essex

(c) Ghana

(d) Tellex

Answer:

(b) Essex.

Question 11:

Gerrard was repeatedly calling the intruder

(a) Mr-ir

(b) Mr-in-

(c) Sir

(d) Mr-er-

Answer:

(d) Mr-er-.

Question 12:

Vincent Charles was the name of Garrard

(a) Christian

(b) Russian

(c) Chinese

(d) French

Answer:

(a) Christian.

Question 13:

A baker, green grocer and a —- used to visit the house cay Gerrard.

(a) gardener

(b) Driver

(c) Milkman

(d) Postman

Answer:

(c) Milkman.

Question 14:

Meaning of dandy bus —

(a) Big

(b) Stylish

(c) Damaged

(d) Ugly

Answer:

(b) Stylish.

Question 15:

The intruder was a

(a) Jewel Robber

(b) Murderer

(c) Business person

(d) Good soul

Answer:

(a) Jewel Robber.

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NCERT MCQ CLASS-9 CHAPTER-10 | ENGLISH NCERT MCQ | | BEEHIVE IMPORTANT MCQ | | KATHMANDU | EDUGROWN

In This Post we are  providing Chapter-10 Kathmandu NCERT MCQ for Class 9 English which will be beneficial for students. These solutions are updated according to 2021-22 syllabus. These MCQS  can be really helpful in the preparation of Board exams and will provide you with a brief knowledge of the chapter.

NCERT MCQ ON KATHMANDU

Question 1:

Vikram Seth visited Kathmandu with Mr. ——– son and nephew.

(a) Roy

(b) Basu

(c) Shah

(d) Sen

Answer:

(c) Shah.

Question 2:

At the gate of Pashupatinath temple a group ——– were restricted to get enter into the temple.

(a) Foreigners

(b) Muslims

(c) Buddhist monks

(d) Jains

Answer:  

(a) Foreigners.

Question 3:

The group of foreigners were wearing colour clothes like sadness.

(a) Red

(b) Saffron

(c) Yellow

(d) White

Answer:

(b) Saffron.

Question 4:

The —- river is followings next to the Pashupatinath temple.

(a) Bagmati

(b) Jamuna

(c) Ganga

(d) Gomti

Answer:

(a) Bagmati.

Question 5:

In the Boudhnath temple, there is a huge — colour dome.

(a) Red

(b) White

(c) Black

(d) Brown

Answer:

(b) White.

Question 6:

A —- Market is situated next to the Boudhnath temple.

(a) Bhutanese

(b) Hindu

(c) Tibetan

(d) Crocs

Answer:

(c) Time tan.

Question 7:

The writer bought Reader’s Digest magazine with some

(a) Love story

(b) Funny story

(c) Horror story

(d) Philosophical

Answer:

(a) Love story.

Question 8:

The writer drank ——- juice with salt and chili powder.

(a) Lemon

(b) Sugar cane

(c) Apple

(d) Mango

Answer:

(a) Lemon.

Question 9:

He also drank —- to digest the food easily.

(a) Mango

(b) Coca-cola

(c) Limka

(d) Pepsi

Answer:

(b) Coca-Cola.

Question 10:

It was the month of —– when the writer returned home.

(a) January

(b) May

(c) August

(d) July

Answer:

(c) August.

Question 11:

In his adventurous route back to home the writer should take train or bus to —–

(a) Allahabad

(b) Patna

(c) Banaras

(d) Delhi

Answer:

(b) Patna.

Question 12:

The writer should sail on the Ganga and cross —- to react Allahabad.

(a) Banaras

(b) Kashi

(c) Haridwar

(d) Agra

Answer:

(a) Banaras.

Question 13:

From Agra to Delhi the writer should cross —- river.

(a) Gomti

(b) Yamuna

(c) Kabere

(d) Ganga

Answer:

(b) Yamuna.

Question 14:

Finally the writer decided to take from Kathmandu to Delhi.

(a) Bus

(b) Train

(c) Car

(d) Fight

Answer:

(d) Flight.

Question 15:

The flute seller was standing in a corner, near the

(a) hotel

(b) Bus stop

(c) Pashupatinath temple

(d) Tibetian market

Answer:

(a) Hotel.

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NCERT MCQ CLASS-9 CHAPTER-9 | ENGLISH NCERT MCQ | | BEEHIVE IMPORTANT MCQ | | THE BOND OF LOVE | EDUGROWN

In This Post we are  providing Chapter-9 The Bond of Love NCERT MCQ for Class 9 English which will be beneficial for students. These solutions are updated according to 2021-22 syllabus. These MCQS  can be really helpful in the preparation of Board exams and will provide you with a brief knowledge of the chapter.

NCERT MCQ ON THE BOND OF LOVE

Question 1.
Was the author’s wife succeeded in getting back Baba from the zoo?
(a) Yes
(b) No
(c) Maybe
(d) Not known

Answer: (a) Yes

Question 2.
What was the author’s wife reaction when Baba was sent to the zoo?
(a) she would not eat anything
(b) she was inconsolable
(c) she wept and fretted
(d) all of the above

Answer: (d) all of the above

Question 3.
Who shot Bruno’s mother dead?
(a) narrator
(b) narrator’s son
(c) narrator’s wife
(d) one of narrator’s friend

Answer: (d) one of narrator’s friend

Question 4.
Barium carbonate was in the house to kill
(a) rats and mice
(b) dogs
(c) bears
(d) all of the above

Answer: (a) rats and mice

Question 5.
Who did the bear become very attached to?
(a) the monkey
(b) the tiger
(c) two Alsatian dogs
(d) all of the above

Answer: (d) all of the above

Question 6.
Who did the author present the sloth bear?
(a) his wife
(b) his son
(c) his daughter
(d) his friend

Answer: (a) his wife

Question 7.
What name was given to the sloth bear?
(a) Bruno his son his friend
(b)Trickle
(c) Timothy
(d) Nana

Answer: (a) Bruno

Question 8.
What did the author’s wife request the curator?
(a) to give her back her Baba
(b) to put Baba in a bigger cage
(c) to take care of Baba properly
(d) to give Baba rich food

Answer: (a) to give her back her Baba

Question 9.
What did the author’s son and the author advise his wife when Bruno was grown up?
(a) to sell him
(b) to leave him in the forest
(c) to give him to the zoo at Mysore
(d) all of the above

Answer: (c) to give him to the zoo at Mysore

Question 10.
What was the effect of barium carbonate on Bruno?
(a) he became paralyzed
(b) he was vomiting
(c) he was breathing heavily
(d) all of the above

Answer: (d) all of the above

Question 11.
Which zoo was Bruno kept in ?
(a) 87 km away at Mysore zoo
(b) in Bangalore
(c) in Karnataka
(d) none

Answer: (a) 87 km away at Mysore zoo

Question 12.
Why was Bruno Baba kept chained most of the times?
(a) he was growing too big
(b) he was becoming dangerous
(c) because of the tenants’ children
(d) none

Answer: (c) because of the tenants’ children

Question 13.
What was Bruno’s changed name?
(a) Trenno
(b) Croon
(c) Baba
(d) None

Answer: (c) Baba

Question 14.
Where did Bruno sleep during his early young days?
(a) in a den outside house
(b) in the garden
(c) in the kitchen
(d) on the beds of the narrator’s family

Answer: (d) on the beds of the narrator’s family

Question 15.
How was Bruno fed at home?
(a) milk with a bottle
(b) with grass
(c) with fodder
(d) none

Answer: (a) milk with a bottle

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