The Making of the National Movement: 1870s -1947 MCQ Questions Class 8 Social Science with Answers
Question.Marathi newspaper ‘Kesari’ was edited by
(A) Lala Lajpat Rai
(B) Balgangadhar Tilak
(C) Chitta Ranjan Das
(D) Sarojini Naidu
Answer : B
Question. The Vernacular Press Act was enacted in
(A) 1840
(B) 1857
(C) 1878
(D) 1890
Answer : C
Question. The capacity to act independently without outside interference is termed as.
(A) Socialist
(B) Democratic
(C) Publicist
(D) Sovereign
Answer : D
Question. Which of the following achievements of the Moderates cannot be considered true?
(A) The Moderates helped in removing social injustices like the rigid caste structure that divided the Indian society
(B) Due to the persistent efforts of the Moderates, Indians understood the concepts of freedom, secularism and democracy.
(C) The Moderates created a sense of national consciousness
(D) This microscopic minority of leaders could change the policies and made a huge impact on British.
Answer : D
Question.Who established Natal Congress?
(A) Jawaharlal Nehru
(B) Mahatma Gandhi
(C) Balgangadhar Tilak
(D) Lala Lajpat Rai
Answer : B
Question.Second World War ended in
(A) 1910
(B) 1920
(C) 1945
(D) 1947
Answer : C
Question. Marathi newspaper ‘Kesari’ was edited by
(A) Lala Lajpat Rai
(B) Balgangadhar Tilak
(C) Chitta Ranjan Das
(D) Sarojini Naidu
Answer : B
Question. Where did the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association was formed?
(A) Bombay
(B) Kanpur
(C) Delhi
(D) Allahabad
Answer : C
Question. The founder of Khudai Khidmatgars was
(A) Mohammad Ali
(B) Shaukat Ali
(C) Badshah Khan
(D) None of these
Answer : C
Question. The fight for Purna Swaraj was fought under the presidentship of
(A) Mahatma Gandhi
(B) Jawaharlal Nehru
(C) C. Rajagopalachari
(D) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
Answer : B
Question- ______ was a Indian businessman and publicist based in London.
(A) Lala Hadayal
(B) Dadabhai Naroji
(C) Jawaharlal Nehru
(D) Bhagat Singh
Answer : B
Question- ________ allowed for trial of Europeans by Indians.
(A) Ilbert Bill
(B) Vernacular Press Act
(C) Judiciary Bill
(D) Arms Bill
Answer : A
Question. Name the movement launched following the Partition of Bengal.
(A) Quit India Movement
(B) Salt Satyagraha
(C) Swadeshi Movement
(D) First war of Independence
Answer : C
Question- ______ was a Marathi newspaper edited by Bal Gangadhar Tilak.
(A) Muktangan
(B) Kesari
(C) Sakal
(D) Gazette
Answer : B
Question- Gandhiji arrived in India from _____ in 1915.
(A) Japan
(B) South Africa
(C) USA
(D) China
Answer : B
Question- ______ was one of the Congress leaders from Bengal with radical objectives.
(A) Bipin Chandra Pal
(B) Ravindranath Tagore
(C) Raja Rammohan Roy
(D) R C Mukherjee
Answer : A
Question- Freedom is our Birthright slogan was given by ________.
(A) Lala Lajpat Rai
(B) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(C) Laxmi Sehgal
(D) Mahatma Gandi
Answer : B
Question- _______ and Muslim League signed a Historic Pact of Lucknow in 1916
(A) Communist Party
(B) British Empire
(C) Congress
(D) Socialist Party
Answer : C
Question- Jallianwala Masscare took place in _____.
(A) 1919
(B) 1921
(C) 1924
(D) 1917
Answer : A
Question- Gandhiji had established ______ in South Africa.
(A) Sabarmati Ashram
(B) Natal Congress
(C) Communist Party
(D) Labour Union
Answer : B
Question. A list of leaders are given below, identify the leader who is not considered as a Moderate but a Radical.
(A) Pherozeshah Mehta
(B) Dadabhai Naoroji
(C) Aurobindo Ghosh
(D) Surendranath Banerjee
Answer : C
Question- ______ was launched in 1930.
(A) Civil Disobedience Movement
(B) Swarajya Movement
(C) Khilafat Movement
(D) Workers movement
Answer : A
Question- ____ was a lawyer and freedom fighter from East Bengal.
(A) Jatin Das
(B) Bipin Chandra Pal
(C) Chitta Ranjan Das
(D) Tagore
Answer : C
Question- Dandi March was led by ______ in 1930.
(A) Mahatma Gandhi
(B) Sarojini Naidu
(C) Indira Gandhi
(D) S C Bose
Answer : A
Question- Quit India Movement took place in ______.
(A) 1942
(B) 1949
(C) 1940
(D) 1939
Answer : A
Question. Some important features of the Swadeshi Movement are given below: Pick out the one that is not applicable to the Swadeshi Movement
(A) They encouraged the ideas of self help
(B) They boycotted British institutions and goods.
(C) Swadeshi movement stressed on the use of English language with minimal use of Indian languages.
(D) The Swadeshi movement sought to oppose British rule
Answer : C
Question- ______ was the first woman president of Congress.
(A) Annie Besant
(B) Sarojini Naidu
(C) Laxmi Sehgal
(D) Ambabai
Answer : B
Question. After a major split between the Moderates and Radicals, in which year did they reunite again?
(A) In December 1930
(B) In December 1940
(C) In December 1920
(D) In December 1915
Answer : D
Question- Ahmedabad is located on the banks of _____
(A) Mahi
(B) Sabarmati
(C) Narmada
(D) Godavari
Answer : B
Question. The modern Indian middle class owed its birth to :
(A) The struggle between the ruling class and the proletariat
(B) The political upheavals in the country on account of the disintegration of the Mughal empire
(C) European enterprise in India resulting in the growth of a new working class and urban revolution
(D) Industrialisation
Answer : C
Question. The worst effect of the law, relating to sub-in-feudation of zamindari rights in British India, was
(A) The rapid increase in the value of landed property
(B) The land became an objective of speculative investment and source of profit to the moneyed class
(C) The land lost its importance as a source of production and livelihood to the cultivators
(D) Both (B) and (C) above
Answer : D
Question. In which year Meruth conspiracy took place ?
(A) 1925
(B) 1927
(C) 1929
(D) 1930
Answer : C
Question. In which year Mahatma Gandhi was born ?
(A) 1889
(B) 1875
(C) 1869
(D) 1879
Answer : C
Question. At which place Mahatma Gandhi had his first Satyagraha ?
(A) Bardoli
(B) Champaran
(C) Amritsar
(D) Sabarmati
Answer : B
Question. In which year all India Farmers Union was formed ?
(A) 1928
(B) 1936
(C) 1942
(D) 1946
Answer : B
Question. In which year ‘Workers Day’ was celebrated forthe first time in India ?
(A) 1927
(B) 1937
(C) 1947
(D) 1957
Answer : A
Question. Who ordered the firing at Jallianwala Bagh ?
(A) Dayar
(B) Sounders
(C) Rend
(D) None of the above
Answer : A
Question. Who gave the slogan’Jai Hind’ ?
(A) Subhash Chandra Bose
(B) Mahatma Gandhi
(C) J. L. Nehru
(D) Sardar Patel
Answer : A
Question. When did Muslim League passed the ‘Resolution for Pakistan’
(A) 1909
(B) 1930
(C) 1940
(D) 1947
Answer : C
Question. “Every blow on my body will prove to be a nail in the British coffin”. Who gave the above statement ?
(A) Mahatma Gandhi
(B) Pt. J.L. Nehru
(C) Lala Lajpat Rai
(D) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Answer : C
Question. At which place, Gandhi broke the salt law by making salt ?
(A) Sabarmati
(B) Dandi
(C) Bombay
(D) Surat
Answer : B
Question. Who headed the Interim government formed in India in 1946 ?
(A) J.L. Nehru
(B) Mahatma Gandhi
(C) Sardar Patel
(D) Jinnah
Answer : A
Question. Forwhich proposal Gandhi used the words a postdated cheque of a drowning bank ?
(A) Cripps Praposal
(B) C.R. Praposal
(C) Wavel praposal
(D) Cabinet mission praposal
Answer : C
Question. Who among the following was not a leader of the Indian National Army ?
(A) Subhash Chandra Boss
(B) Ras Bihari
(C) Mohan Singh
(D) Sukhdev
Answer : D
Question. The first session of All India Farmers Union was held at –
(A) Faizabad
(B) Lukhnow
(C) Delhi
(D) Surat
Answer : A
Question. When was the Congress Socialist Party formed?
(A) 1930
(B) 1932
(C) 1934
(D) 1936
Answer : C
Question. Against whom the Khilafat movement was launched ?
(A) Indian National Congress
(B) English Government
(C) Government of England
(D) None of the above
Answer : C
Question. Who among the following was not a part of khilafat movement ?
(A) Soukat Ali
(B) Mohammad Ali
(C) Abdul Kalam Azad
(D) Sardar Patel
Answer : D
Question. Which revolutionary was sentenced to death on the charge of the murder of Saunders ?
(A) Bhagat Singh
(B) Chandra ShekharAzad
(C) Ras Bihari
(D) Manmathnath
Answer : B
Question. Who among the following were the first to be arrested during Non-Cooperation movement ?
(A) Mahatma Gandhi
(B) J.L. Nehru
(C) Ali Brothers
(D) S.C. Boss
Answer : C
Question. Who was the head of the committee formed in 1924 to recommend reforms in the Act of 1919 ?
(A) M, L. Nehru
(B) Alexsender Moodyman
(C) C.R. Das
(D) John Simmon
Answer : A
Question. Name ‘the secretary of state, who challanged the Indians to prepare a constitution ?
(A) Morle
(B) Bralenhead
(C) Montegue
(D) None of the above
Answer : B
Question. Who among the Indians denied to accept the Nehru report ?
(A) Communists
(B) Jinnah
(C) Congress
(D) None of the above
Answer : B
Question. During Lahore session in 1929 the Congress president used the following words “We have only are target -complete independence”. Who used these words ?
(A) Pt. J. N. Nehru
(B) Mahatma Gandhi
(C) Moulana Azad
(D) S.C. Boss
Answer : A
Question. ‘Hindustan Democratic Federation’ was founded by
(A)Yatindra Mukkherji
(B) Sachindra Sanyal
(C) Bhagat Singh
(D Rajnder Lahiri
Answer : B
Question. Who among the following was not a part of Kakori cons piracy ?
(A) Ram Prashad Bismilt
(B) Ranjendra Lahiri
(C) Sachindra Sanyal
(D) Kedarnath Sehgal
Answer : D
Question. ‘Death or Victory’, who gave this slogan ?
(A) Indian National Army
(B) Hindustan Democratic Socialist Party
(C) Naujawan Sabha
(D) None of the above
Answer : A
Question. Who among the following’, with Bhagat Singh threw the bomb in Central Legislative Assembly in the year 1929?
(A) Battu Keshwar Dutt
(B) Ray Guru
(C) Sukhdev
(D) Sachindra Sanyal
Answer : B
Question. Udham Singh went to England to kill –
(A) General Dayar
(B) Ex – Governor Dayar
(C) Mac – Donald
(D) None of the above
Answer : A
Question. Chandra Bose was appointed as the Chairman of the Independence League and was called ‘Netaji’. In which year this happened ?
(A) 1942
(B) 1943
(C) 1944
(D) 1945
Answer : A
Question. Who among the following INA officers was not tried of the charge of treason ?
(A) Shahnawaj Khan
(B) Prem Shehgal
(C) Gurubhaksh Singh
(D) Mohan Singh
Answer : D
Question. When Gandhi broke the salt law at Dandi, who welcomed him with the words ‘Law breaker – you’re welcomed’
(A) Pt. Nehru
(B) Sarojini Naidu
(C)Anibesant
(D) None of the above
Answer : B
Question. With how many followers Gandhi completed his Dandi March ?
(A) 75
(B) 57
(C) 78
(D) 801
Answer : C
Question. Underwhose leadership the army denied to fire on freedom fighters at Peshawar in 1930 ?
(A) Mohan Singh
(B) Chandan Singh Gadhwali
(C) Subhash Chandra Bose
(D) None of the above
Answer : B
Question. For which incident, Dr. Rajendra prasad used the words ‘A marrige without groom’ .
(A) First Round Table Conference
(B) Second Round Table Conference
(C) Third Round Table Conference
(D) Gandhi-Irwin pact
Answer : A
Question. Who presented the August praposals ?
(A) Wavel
(B) Irwin
(C) Linlithgo
(D) Mountbatten
Answer : D
Question. The ryotwari settlement was made with the :
(A) The zamindars
(B) The cultivators
(C) The village communities
(D) The muqaddams
Answer : B
Question. The theory of the early British rulers that the Company, as the owner of agricultural land, was entitled to the whole of the’economic rent’ derived its support from :
(A) The Theory of Surplus Value
(B) The Agio Theory of Interest
(C) Keynes’ Theory of Income and Employment
(D) The Ricardian Theory of Rent
Answer : D
Question. The main reason for the permanent indebtedness of the peasantry was :
(A) False accounting
(B) Forged signatures
(C) Making the debtor sign for larger amounts than he had borrowed
(D) High rate of interest on loans
Answer : D
Question. Which of the following was not one of the reasons for the spurt in the demand for Indian cotton goods in England to such an extent that the Indian calicoes emerged as the biggest item of the Company’s imports from India ?
(A) Change in English fashions and modes of dress
(B) Improvement in the quality of goods on account of introduction of superior variety of cotton
(C) Abolition of import duties on them in England (1685)
(D) The prohibition of imports from France (1688)
Answer : B
Question. An Indian mercantile class, which almost completely vanished on account of the British economic policies and commercial practices of the Europeans in India, was :
(A) Freighttraders
(B) Sugar manufacturers
(C) Bankers
(D) Brokers
Answer : C
Question. Whom did the British monopoly over internal trade benefit the most ?
(A) The Company
(B) The employees of the Company
(C) The British government
(D) The gomashtas or the Company’s servants
Answer : B
Question. The extension of the cultivation of indigo, cotton, opium, tea, and coffee in India, besides benefiting the British planters, also benefited -.
(A) The zamindars
(B) The small merchants
(C) Both (A) and (B)
(D) The Indian bankers
Answer : C
Question. The root of the poverty of the people of India during the British rule was that:
(A) All economic resources of India were at the mercy of the British
(B) Indian economy had been bound to the colonial interests
(C) Agriculture remained almost the sole occupation of the masses.
(D) Foreign capital flowed into all branches of India’s economic life
Answer : C
Question. The British industrial policy in India has been rightly called as the policy of :
(A) “Stagnated Growth”
(B) “De-industrialisation
(C) “Colonisation of Economy’
(D) “Monopolised Europeanisation
Answer : B
Question. According to Karl Marx, the British economic policies “caused a social revolution in Hindustan” which was the consequence of :
(A) The destruction of co-operative living in the rural areas
(B) The western ideas of competition and market economy
(C) The emergence of a middle class which prospered on account of the British policies
(D) AIl the above
Answer : D
Question. In the ryotwari areas, the value of land declined appreciably because :
(A) All peasant cultivators were declared owners of land
(B) Instead of cultivation, sale of land was an easierway of sustenance
(C) The rate of land revenue was excessive
(D) The methods of collection of revenue were so harshas to make the ownership of land highly undesirable
Answer : D
CBSE Class 8 History Chapter 11 Important Questions
Very Short Answer Type Questions
1: What is the literal meaning of sarvajanik?
Answer: The literal meaning of sarvajanik is ‘of or for all the people’. It is made
of two words – sarva = all + janik = of the people.
2: Who was A.O. Hume? What role did he play in the history of India?
Answer: A.O. Hume was a retired British official. He played an important role in bringing Indians from the various regions together.
3: Who was the Viceroy of India at the time of the partition of Bengal
Answer: At that time Lord Curzon was the Viceroy of India.
4: What was the Swadeshi Movement known as in deltaic Andhra?
Answer: In deltaic Andhra the Swadeshi Movement was known as the Vandemataram Movement.
5: Name the three leading members of the Radical group.
Answer: Bepin Chandra Pal, Balgangadhar Tilak and Lala Lajpat Rai.
6: Why did Mahatma Gandhi along with other Indians establish the Natal Congress in South Africa?
Answer: He did so in order to fight against racial discrimination in South Africa.
7: Name three places where Gandhiji started local movements.
Answer: Champaran, Kheda and Ahmedabad.
8: Why did Rabindranath Tagore renounce his knighthood?
Answer: Rabindranath Tagore renounced his knighthood to express the pain and anger of the country following the Jallianwala Bagh atrocities.
9: Who were the leaders of the Khilafat agitation?
Answer: The leaders of the Khilafat agitation were Mohammad Ali and Shaukat Ali.
10: What does ‘Punjab wrongs’ refer to?
Answer: It refers to Jallianwalla Bagh massarcre that occurred on 13 April, 1919 in Amritsar on Baishakhi day.
11: Who was Chitta Ranjan Das?
Answer: He was a lawyer from East Bengal and was active in the Non-Cooperation Movement.
12: What does RSS stand for?
Answer: RSS stands for Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh.
13: Who was Bhagat Singh? What slogan did he raise?
Answer: Bhagat Singh was a revolutionary nationalist. His slogan was—Inquilab Zindabad.
14. What does HSRA stand for?
Answer. HSRA stands for Hindustan Socialist Republican Association.
15. Why did Mahatma Gandhi decide to break the Salt Law?
Answer: Mahatma Gandhi decided to break the Salt Law because it established the monopoly of the state on the manufacture and sale of salt
16: On what condition-were the Congress leaders ready to support the British war effort at the time of the Second World War?
Answer: The Congress leaders were ready to support the British war effort on condition that they would declare India’s independence after the war.
17: Did the British accept their condition?
Answer: No, the British did not accept their condition.
18: Who raised the slogan ‘do or die’?
Answer: Mahatma Gandhi raised this slogan.
19: Why did the Muslim League announced 16 August 1946 as ‘Direct Action Day’?
Answer: It announced 16 August, 1946 as ‘Direct Action Day’ in support of its demand for Pakistan.
20. Define nationalism?
Answer: The feeling of oneness and unity among the people of a nation or patriotic feeling, principles and policy of national independence is termed as nationalism.
21. When was Indian National Congress formed?
Answer: The Indian National Congress was formed in December, 1885.
22. Mention the early leaders of Indian National Congress?
Answer: The early leadership: Dadabhai Naroji, Pherozshah Mehta, Badruddhin Tyabji, W.C. Banerji, Surendranath Banerji, Romesh Chandra Dutt, S. Subramania Iyer.
23. Which British officer helped in the formation of Indian National Congress?
Answer: A retired British official, A.O. Hume helped in the formation of Indian National Congress.
24. When was Non –Cooperation & Khilafat Movement launched?
Answer: In 1920, NCM and Khilafat Movement were launched.
Short Answer Type Questions
1. What was Rowlatt Act?
Answer: Rowlatt Act was introduced by the British in 1919.
According to this act, any Indian could be arrested without trial in the court of law. The act curbed fundamental rights such as the freedom of expression and strengthened police powers.
2. Why did the nationalist leader oppose Rowlett Act?
Answer: Mahatma Gandhi, Mohanmad Ali Jinnah and others felt that the government had no right to restrict people’s basic freedoms.They criticized the Act as “devilish” and tyrannical
3. What were the effects of the Jallianwala Bagh massacre?
Answer: On learning about the massacre, Rabindranah Tagore expressed the pain and anger of the country be renouncing his knighthood. During the Rowlatt Satyagraha the participants tried to ensure that Hindus and Muslims were united in the fight against British rule.
4. What were the aims of NCM and Khilafat Movement?
Answer: The aims of NCM and Khilafat movement were:-
- They demanded for Swaraj.
- They wanted to reduce the ‘wrongs’ against Punjab and Turkey.
5. Who were the revolutionaries?
Answer: The revolutionaries were a small group of people who suggested that the use of violence to make a radical change within the society would be necessary to overthrow British rule.
6. When and why was the Non –cooperation Movement withdrawn?
Answer: Mahatma Gandhi was against violent movements. He abruptly called off the Non –Cooperation Movement when in February 1922 a crowd of peasants set fire to a police station in Chauri Chaura.
7. How did the British try to control the Quit India Movement?
Answer:
- The first response of the British was severe repression.
- By the end of 1943 over 90,000 people were arrested and around 1000 killed in police firing.
- In many areas orders were given to machine –gun crowds from airplanes. The rebellion, however, ultimately brought the Raj to its knees.
8. Mention the people who participated in the Dandi March and what was the British response towards this movement?
Answer: The people who participated in the Dandi March were:
Peasants, tribals and women participated in large number. The British response towards this movement was – the government tried to crush the movement through brutal action against peaceful satyagrahis. Thousands were sent to jail.
9. What was the most important feature of the government of India act of 1935 introduced by British?
Answer: Government of India Act of 1935 prescribed provincial autonomy and the government announced elections to the provincial legislatures in 1937. Congress formed governments in 7 out of 11 provinces.
10. Why is the Indian National Congress (1919 – 1947) referred to as Gandhian Era?
Answer: From 1919 onwards Gandhi played a Major role in Indian National Movement as launched 3 great mass movements such as Non – cooperation Movement, Civil Disobedience Movement, Quit India Movement. Ultimately it was Gandhi who led the people of India towards independence in the year 1947.
11. Write a short note on Jallianwala Bagh?
Answer: The Jallianwala Bagh atrocities inflicted by General Dyer in Amritsar on Baisakhi Day (13 April), were a part of Rowlett Act repression. On learning about the massacre, Rabindranath Tagore expressed the pain and anger of the country be renouncing his knight hood. During the Rowlatt Satyagraha the participants tried to ensure that Hindus and Muslims were in the fight against the British rule.
12: How did people participate in the Non-Cooperation Movement during 1921-22?
Answer: (a) During these years, thousands of students left government controlled schools and colleges.
(b) Many lawyers such as Motilal Nehru, C.R. Das, C. Rajagopalachari and Asaf Ali gave up their practices.
(c) British titles were surrendered and legislatures boycotted. .
(d) People lit public bonfires of foreign cloth.
13: Why was the Simon Commission sent to India? Why did Indians boycott it?
Answer: The British government in England sent a Commission headed by Lord Simon in the year 1927 to decide India’s political future. As the Commission had no Indian representative, it was boycotted by all political groups. When the Commission arrived it met with demonstrations with banners saying ‘Simon Go Back’.
14: What role did Ambabai play in the Indian freedom struggle?
Answer: Ambabai came from Karnataka. She had been married at age twelve and was widowed at sixteen. Afterwards she began participating in the Indian freedom struggle. She picketed foreign cloth and liquor shops in Udipi. She was arrested, served a sentence and was rearrested. Between prison terms she made powerful speeches, taught spinning and organised prabhat pheris.
16: Write a brief paragraph on Maulana Azad.
Answer: Maulana Azad was a great leader of the Indian freedom struggle. He was born in Mecca to a Bengali Father and an Arab Mother. He was well- versed in several languages. He was a scholar of Islam and an exponent of the notion of wahadat-i-deen, the essential oneness of all religions. He was an active participant in the movement launched by Mahatma Gandhi. He was a great advocate of Hindu-Muslim unity. He never approved Jinnah’s two-nation theory. He wanted a country in which Hindus and Muslims lived in perfect harmony.
17: Write a brief note on Khan Abdul Ghajfar Khan.
Answer: Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan was the Pashtun leader from the North-West Frontier Province. He was popularly known as Badshah Khan. He founded the Khudai Khidmatgars, which was a powerful non-violent movement among the Pattans of his province. He was a staunch supporter of Hindu-Muslim unity and was strongly opposed to the partition of India. He criticised his Congress colleagues for agreeing to the division of India in 1947.
18. How did the British expand its army during the War period?
Answer: People in village were pressurized to supply soldiers for an alien cause. A large number of soldiers were sent overseas.
Many returned after the war with an understanding of the ways in which imperialist powers were exploiting the people in Asia and Africa with a desire to oppose colonial rule in India.
19. Mention the two demands of the Indian National Congress that it adopted in 1929?
Answer: The two demands of the Congress were:
- The Congress resolving to fight for Purna Swaraj (complete independence) in 1929 under the president ship of Jawaharlal Nehru.
- Consequently “Independence Day” was observed on 26 January 1930 all over the country.
20. What was the Congress demand after having won the elections?
Answer:
- In September 1939, after two years of Congress rule in the provinces, the Second World War broke out.
- Critical of Hitler, Congress leaders were ready to support the British war effort.
- But in return they wanted that India be granted independence after the war.
- The British refused to concede demand.
- The congress ministries resigned in protest.
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